<webview>标签

警告

Electron's webview tag is based on Chromium's webview, which is undergoing dramatic architectural changes. This impacts the stability of webviews, including rendering, navigation, and event routing. We currently recommend to not use the webview tag and to consider alternatives, like iframe, Electron's BrowserView, or an architecture that avoids embedded content altogether.

Warning

Electron's webview tag is based on Chromium's webview, which is undergoing dramatic architectural changes. This impacts the stability of webviews, including rendering, navigation, and event routing. We currently recommend to not use the webview tag and to consider alternatives, like iframe, Electron's BrowserView, or an architecture that avoids embedded content altogether.

Enabling

By default the webview tag is disabled in Electron >= 5. You need to enable the tag by setting the webviewTag webPreferences option when constructing your BrowserWindow. For more information see the BrowserWindow constructor docs.

Enabling

By default the webview tag is disabled in Electron >= 5. You need to enable the tag by setting the webviewTag webPreferences option when constructing your BrowserWindow. For more information see the BrowserWindow constructor docs.

概览

在一个独立的 frame 和进程里显示外部 web 内容。

进程: Renderer

使用 webview 标签在Electron 应用中嵌入 "外来" 内容 (如 网页)。外来"内容包含在 webview 容器中。 应用中的嵌入页面可以控制外来内容的布局和重绘。

与 iframe 不同, webview 在与应用程序不同的进程中运行。它与您的网页没有相同的权限, 应用程序和嵌入内容之间的所有交互都将是异步的。 这将保证你的应用对于嵌入的内容的安全性。 注意: 从宿主页上调用 webview 的方法大多数都需要对主进程进行同步调用。

Overview

Display external web content in an isolated frame and process.

Process: Renderer

Use the webview tag to embed 'guest' content (such as web pages) in your Electron app. The guest content is contained within the webview container. An embedded page within your app controls how the guest content is laid out and rendered.

Unlike an iframe, the webview runs in a separate process than your app. It doesn't have the same permissions as your web page and all interactions between your app and embedded content will be asynchronous. This keeps your app safe from the embedded content. Note: Most methods called on the webview from the host page require a synchronous call to the main process.

示例

若要在应用程序中嵌入网页, 请将 webview 标签添加到应用程序的被嵌入页面中 (这是将显示外来内容的应用程序页)。 在最简单的例子中, webview 标签包括网页的 src 和控制 webview 容器外观的 css 样式:

<webview id="foo" src="https://www.github.com/" style="display:inline-flex; width:640px; height:480px"></webview>

如果要以任何方式控制外来内容, 则可以写用于侦听 webview 事件的 JavaScript, 并使用 webview 方法响应这些事件。 下面是包含两个事件侦听器的示例代码: 一个侦听网页开始加载, 另一个用于网页停止加载, 并在加载时显示 "loading..." 消息:

<script>
  onload = () => {
    const webview = document.querySelector('webview')
    const indicator = document.querySelector('.indicator')
    const loadstart = () => {indicator.innerText = 'loading...'
    }
    const loadstop = () => {indicator.innerText = ''
    }
    webview.addEventListener('did-start-loading', loadstart)
    webview.addEventListener('did-stop-loading', loadstop)
  }
</script>

Example

To embed a web page in your app, add the webview tag to your app's embedder page (this is the app page that will display the guest content). In its simplest form, the webview tag includes the src of the web page and css styles that control the appearance of the webview container:

<webview id="foo" src="https://www.github.com/" style="display:inline-flex; width:640px; height:480px"></webview>

If you want to control the guest content in any way, you can write JavaScript that listens for webview events and responds to those events using the webview methods. Here's sample code with two event listeners: one that listens for the web page to start loading, the other for the web page to stop loading, and displays a "loading..." message during the load time:

<script>
  onload = () => {
    const webview = document.querySelector('webview')
    const indicator = document.querySelector('.indicator')
    const loadstart = () => {indicator.innerText = 'loading...'
    }
    const loadstop = () => {indicator.innerText = ''
    }
    webview.addEventListener('did-start-loading', loadstart)
    webview.addEventListener('did-stop-loading', loadstop)
  }
</script>

Internal implementation

Under the hood webview is implemented with Out-of-Process iframes (OOPIFs). The webview tag is essentially a custom element using shadow DOM to wrap an iframe element inside it.

So the behavior of webview is very similar to a cross-domain iframe, as examples:

• When clicking into a webview, the page focus will move from the embedder frame to webview.
• You can not add keyboard, mouse, and scroll event listeners to webview.
• All reactions between the embedder frame and webview are asynchronous.

Internal implementation

Under the hood webview is implemented with Out-of-Process iframes (OOPIFs). The webview tag is essentially a custom element using shadow DOM to wrap an iframe element inside it.

So the behavior of webview is very similar to a cross-domain iframe, as examples:

• When clicking into a webview, the page focus will move from the embedder frame to webview.
• You can not add keyboard, mouse, and scroll event listeners to webview.
• All reactions between the embedder frame and webview are asynchronous.

CSS 样式说明

Please note that the webview tag's style uses display:flex; internally to ensure the child iframe element fills the full height and width of its webview container when used with traditional and flexbox layouts. Please do not overwrite the default display:flex; CSS property, unless specifying display:inline-flex; for inline layout.

CSS Styling Notes

Please note that the webview tag's style uses display:flex; internally to ensure the child iframe element fills the full height and width of its webview container when used with traditional and flexbox layouts. Please do not overwrite the default display:flex; CSS property, unless specifying display:inline-flex; for inline layout.

标签属性

webview 标签具有以下属性：

Tag Attributes

The webview tag has the following attributes:

src

<webview src="https://www.github.com/"></webview>

Returns the visible URL. Writing to this attribute initiates top-level navigation.

Assigning src its own value will reload the current page.

src 属性还可以接受数据 url, 如 data:text/plain, Hellp,world!。

src

<webview src="https://www.github.com/"></webview>

Returns the visible URL. Writing to this attribute initiates top-level navigation.

Assigning src its own value will reload the current page.

The src attribute can also accept data URLs, such as data:text/plain,Hello, world!.

nodeintegration

<webview src="http://www.google.com/" nodeintegration></webview>

当有此属性时, webview 中的访客页（guest page）将具有Node集成, 并且可以使用像 require 和 process 这样的node APIs 去访问低层系统资源。 Node 集成在访客页中默认是禁用的。

nodeintegration

<webview src="http://www.google.com/" nodeintegration></webview>

When this attribute is present the guest page in webview will have node integration and can use node APIs like require and process to access low level system resources. Node integration is disabled by default in the guest page.

nodeintegrationinsubframes

<webview src="http://www.google.com/" nodeintegrationinsubframes></webview>

Experimental option for enabling NodeJS support in sub-frames such as iframes inside the webview. All your preloads will load for every iframe, you can use process.isMainFrame to determine if you are in the main frame or not. This option is disabled by default in the guest page.

nodeintegrationinsubframes

<webview src="http://www.google.com/" nodeintegrationinsubframes></webview>

Experimental option for enabling NodeJS support in sub-frames such as iframes inside the webview. All your preloads will load for every iframe, you can use process.isMainFrame to determine if you are in the main frame or not. This option is disabled by default in the guest page.

enableremotemodule

<webview src="http://www.google.com/" enableremotemodule="false"></webview>

When this attribute is false the guest page in webview will not have access to the remote module. The remote module is available by default.

enableremotemodule

<webview src="http://www.google.com/" enableremotemodule="false"></webview>

When this attribute is false the guest page in webview will not have access to the remote module. The remote module is available by default.

plugins

<webview src="https://www.github.com/" plugins></webview>

当有此属性时， webview中的访客页将有能力去使用浏览器的插件，Plugins 默认是禁用的。

plugins

<webview src="https://www.github.com/" plugins></webview>

When this attribute is present the guest page in webview will be able to use browser plugins. Plugins are disabled by default.

preload

<webview src="https://www.github.com/" preload="./test.js"></webview>

指定一个脚本在访客页中其他脚本执行之前先加载。 该脚本的URL的协议必须是 file: asar:二者之一，因为在访客页中，它是通过“内部”的 require 去加载的

当访客页没有 node integration ，这个脚本仍然有能力去访问所有的 Node APIs, 但是当这个脚本执行执行完成之后，通过Node 注入的全局对象（global objects）将会被删除。

注意: 在为 will-attach-webview 事件指定 webPreferences 时，这个选项将作为 preloadURL 出现，而不是 preload。

preload

<webview src="https://www.github.com/" preload="./test.js"></webview>

Specifies a script that will be loaded before other scripts run in the guest page. The protocol of script's URL must be either file: or asar:, because it will be loaded by require in guest page under the hood.

When the guest page doesn't have node integration this script will still have access to all Node APIs, but global objects injected by Node will be deleted after this script has finished executing.

Note: This option will be appear as preloadURL (not preload) in the webPreferences specified to the will-attach-webview event.

httpreferrer

<webview src="https://www.github.com/" httpreferrer="http://cheng.guru"></webview>

为访客页设置 referrer URL

httpreferrer

<webview src="https://www.github.com/" httpreferrer="http://cheng.guru"></webview>

Sets the referrer URL for the guest page.

useragent

<webview src="https://www.github.com/" useragent="Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; WOW64; Trident/7.0; AS; rv:11.0) like Gecko"></webview>

在访客页被导航（navigated）之前，为它设置 user agent，一旦这个页面加载之后，使用 setUserAgent 方法去改变这个页面的 user agent。

useragent

<webview src="https://www.github.com/" useragent="Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; WOW64; Trident/7.0; AS; rv:11.0) like Gecko"></webview>

Sets the user agent for the guest page before the page is navigated to. Once the page is loaded, use the setUserAgent method to change the user agent.

disablewebsecurity

<webview src="https://www.github.com/" disablewebsecurity></webview>

当有这个属性时，访客页的 web安全将被禁用，web安全默认是启用

disablewebsecurity

<webview src="https://www.github.com/" disablewebsecurity></webview>

When this attribute is present the guest page will have web security disabled. Web security is enabled by default.

partition

<webview src="https://github.com" partition="persist:github"></webview>
<webview src="https://electronjs.org" partition="electron"></webview>

设置页面使用的会话。 如果 partition 以 persist:开头, 该页面将使用持续的 session，并在所有页面生效，且使用同一个partition. 如果没有 persist: 前缀, 页面将使用 in-memory session. 通过分配相同的 partition, 多个页可以共享同一会话。 如果没有设置partition，app 将会使用默认的session。

此值只能在第一次导航之前修改, 因为活动的渲染进程的会话无法更改。尝试修改该值将会失败, 并会出现一个 DOM 异常。

partition

<webview src="https://github.com" partition="persist:github"></webview>
<webview src="https://electronjs.org" partition="electron"></webview>

Sets the session used by the page. If partition starts with persist:, the page will use a persistent session available to all pages in the app with the same partition. if there is no persist: prefix, the page will use an in-memory session. By assigning the same partition, multiple pages can share the same session. If the partition is unset then default session of the app will be used.

This value can only be modified before the first navigation, since the session of an active renderer process cannot change. Subsequent attempts to modify the value will fail with a DOM exception.

allowpopups

<webview src="https://www.github.com/" allowpopups></webview>

当出现此属性时, 访客页将被允许打开新窗口。Popups 默认禁用。

allowpopups

<webview src="https://www.github.com/" allowpopups></webview>

When this attribute is present the guest page will be allowed to open new windows. Popups are disabled by default.

webpreferences

<webview src="https://github.com" webpreferences="allowRunningInsecureContent, javascript=no"></webview>

一个设置在 webview 上的 web 首选项的字符串列表，通过 , 号分割。 支持的首选项字符串的完整列表，请查看 BrowserWindow。

该字符串的格式与 window.open 中的功能字符串( the features string )相同。 只有自己名字的将被赋予 true 布尔值。 可以通过 = 来赋予其他值。 yes 和 1 会被解析成 true，而 no 和 0 解析为 false。

webpreferences

<webview src="https://github.com" webpreferences="allowRunningInsecureContent, javascript=no"></webview>

A list of strings which specifies the web preferences to be set on the webview, separated by ,. The full list of supported preference strings can be found in BrowserWindow.

The string follows the same format as the features string in window.open. A name by itself is given a true boolean value. A preference can be set to another value by including an =, followed by the value. Special values yes and 1 are interpreted as true, while no and 0 are interpreted as false.

enableblinkfeatures

<webview src="https://www.github.com/" enableblinkfeatures="PreciseMemoryInfo, CSSVariables"></webview>

A list of strings which specifies the blink features to be enabled separated by ,. The full list of supported feature strings can be found in the RuntimeEnabledFeatures.json5 file.

enableblinkfeatures

<webview src="https://www.github.com/" enableblinkfeatures="PreciseMemoryInfo, CSSVariables"></webview>

A list of strings which specifies the blink features to be enabled separated by ,. The full list of supported feature strings can be found in the RuntimeEnabledFeatures.json5 file.

disableblinkfeatures

<webview src="https://www.github.com/" disableblinkfeatures="PreciseMemoryInfo, CSSVariables"></webview>

A list of strings which specifies the blink features to be disabled separated by ,. The full list of supported feature strings can be found in the RuntimeEnabledFeatures.json5 file.

disableblinkfeatures

<webview src="https://www.github.com/" disableblinkfeatures="PreciseMemoryInfo, CSSVariables"></webview>

A list of strings which specifies the blink features to be disabled separated by ,. The full list of supported feature strings can be found in the RuntimeEnabledFeatures.json5 file.

方法

webview 标签具有以下方法：

注意: 使用方法之前 <0>webview</0> 元素必须已被加载。

示例

const webview = document.querySelector('webview')
webview.addEventListener('dom-ready', () => {
  webview.openDevTools()
})

Methods

The webview tag has the following methods:

Note: The webview element must be loaded before using the methods.

Example

const webview = document.querySelector('webview')
webview.addEventListener('dom-ready', () => {
  webview.openDevTools()
})

<webview>.loadURL(url[, options])

• url URL

• options Object (可选)

  • httpReferrer (String | Referrer) (可选) - 一个 HTTP Referrer url。
  • userAgent String (可选) - 发起请求的 userAgent.
  • extraHeaders String (可选) - 用 "n" 分割的额外标题
  • postData (UploadRawData[] | UploadFile[] | UploadBlob[]) (可选)
  • baseURLForDataURL String (可选) - 要加载的数据文件的根 url(带有路径分隔符). 只有当指定的 url是一个数据 url 并需要加载其他文件时，才需要这样做。

Returns Promise<void> - The promise will resolve when the page has finished loading (see did-finish-load), and rejects if the page fails to load (see did-fail-load).

webview 中加载目标 url，url 地址必须包含协议前缀，例如：http:// 或 file://。

<webview>.loadURL(url[, options])

• url URL

• options Object (optional)

  • httpReferrer (String | Referrer) (optional) - An HTTP Referrer url.
  • userAgent String (optional) - A user agent originating the request.
  • extraHeaders String (optional) - Extra headers separated by "n"
  • postData (UploadRawData[] | UploadFile[] | UploadBlob[]) (optional)
  • baseURLForDataURL String (optional) - Base url (with trailing path separator) for files to be loaded by the data url. This is needed only if the specified url is a data url and needs to load other files.

Returns Promise<void> - The promise will resolve when the page has finished loading (see did-finish-load), and rejects if the page fails to load (see did-fail-load).

Loads the url in the webview, the url must contain the protocol prefix, e.g. the http:// or file://.

<webview>.downloadURL(url)

• url String

Initiates a download of the resource at url without navigating.

<webview>.downloadURL(url)

• url String

Initiates a download of the resource at url without navigating.

<webview>.getURL()

返回 String - 访客页的URL。

<webview>.getURL()

Returns String - The URL of guest page.

<webview>.getTitle()

返回 String - 访客页的标题。

<webview>.getTitle()

Returns String - The title of guest page.

<webview>.isLoading()

返回 Boolean - 访客页是否仍然在加载资源。

<webview>.isLoading()

Returns Boolean - Whether guest page is still loading resources.

<webview>.isLoadingMainFrame()

Returns Boolean - Whether the main frame (and not just iframes or frames within it) is still loading.

<webview>.isLoadingMainFrame()

Returns Boolean - Whether the main frame (and not just iframes or frames within it) is still loading.

<webview>.isWaitingForResponse()

返回 Boolean - 访客页面是否正在等待页面主资源的第一响应。

<webview>.isWaitingForResponse()

Returns Boolean - Whether the guest page is waiting for a first-response for the main resource of the page.

<webview>.stop()

Stops any pending navigation.

<webview>.stop()

Stops any pending navigation.

<webview>.reload()

刷新访客页。

<webview>.reload()

Reloads the guest page.

<webview>.reloadIgnoringCache()

刷新访客页并忽略缓存。

<webview>.reloadIgnoringCache()

Reloads the guest page and ignores cache.

<webview>.canGoBack()

返回 Boolean - 访客页能否后退。

<webview>.canGoBack()

Returns Boolean - Whether the guest page can go back.

<webview>.canGoForward()

返回 Boolean - 访客页能否前进。

<webview>.canGoForward()

Returns Boolean - Whether the guest page can go forward.

<webview>.canGoToOffset(offset)

• offset Integer

返回 Boolean - 访客页能否前进到 offset。

<webview>.canGoToOffset(offset)

• offset Integer

Returns Boolean - Whether the guest page can go to offset.

<webview>.clearHistory()

Clears the navigation history.

<webview>.clearHistory()

Clears the navigation history.

<webview>.goBack()

使访客页后退。

<webview>.goBack()

Makes the guest page go back.

<webview>.goForward()

使访客页前进。

<webview>.goForward()

Makes the guest page go forward.

<webview>.goToIndex(index)

• index Integer

定位到指定的绝对索引。

<webview>.goToIndex(index)

• index Integer

Navigates to the specified absolute index.

<webview>.goToOffset(offset)

• offset Integer

定位到相对于“当前入口”的指定的偏移。

<webview>.goToOffset(offset)

• offset Integer

Navigates to the specified offset from the "current entry".

<webview>.isCrashed()

Returns Boolean - Whether the renderer process has crashed.

<webview>.isCrashed()

Returns Boolean - Whether the renderer process has crashed.

<webview>.setUserAgent(userAgent)

• userAgent String

覆盖访客页的用户代理。

<webview>.setUserAgent(userAgent)

• userAgent String

Overrides the user agent for the guest page.

<webview>.getUserAgent()

返回 String - 访客页的用户代理。

<webview>.getUserAgent()

Returns String - The user agent for guest page.

<webview>.insertCSS(css)

• css String

向访客页注入CSS。

<webview>.insertCSS(css)

• css String

Injects CSS into the guest page.

<webview>.executeJavaScript(code[, userGesture, callback])

• code String
• userGesture Boolean (可选) - 默认为 false。

• callback Function (可选) - 在脚本被执行后被调用。

  • result Any

Returns Promise<any> - A promise that resolves with the result of the executed code or is rejected if the result of the code is a rejected promise.

在页面中执行 code。 如果设置了userGesture，它将在页面中创建用户手势上下文。 像 requestFullScreen 这样的需要用户操作的HTML API可以利用这个选项来实现自动化。

即将弃用

<webview>.executeJavaScript(code[, userGesture, callback])

• code String
• userGesture Boolean (optional) - Default false.

• callback Function (optional) - Called after script has been executed.

  • result Any

Returns Promise<any> - A promise that resolves with the result of the executed code or is rejected if the result of the code is a rejected promise.

Evaluates code in page. If userGesture is set, it will create the user gesture context in the page. HTML APIs like requestFullScreen, which require user action, can take advantage of this option for automation.

Deprecated Soon

<webview>.executeJavaScript(code[, userGesture])

• code String
• userGesture Boolean (可选) - 默认为 false。

Returns Promise<any> - A promise that resolves with the result of the executed code or is rejected if the result of the code is a rejected promise.

在页面中执行 code。 如果设置了userGesture，它将在页面中创建用户手势上下文。 像 requestFullScreen 这样的需要用户操作的HTML API可以利用这个选项来实现自动化。

<webview>.executeJavaScript(code[, userGesture])

• code String
• userGesture Boolean (optional) - Default false.

Returns Promise<any> - A promise that resolves with the result of the executed code or is rejected if the result of the code is a rejected promise.

Evaluates code in page. If userGesture is set, it will create the user gesture context in the page. HTML APIs like requestFullScreen, which require user action, can take advantage of this option for automation.

<webview>.openDevTools()

Opens a DevTools window for guest page.

<webview>.openDevTools()

Opens a DevTools window for guest page.

<webview>.closeDevTools()

Closes the DevTools window of guest page.

<webview>.closeDevTools()

Closes the DevTools window of guest page.

<webview>.isDevToolsOpened()

Returns Boolean - Whether guest page has a DevTools window attached.

<webview>.isDevToolsOpened()

Returns Boolean - Whether guest page has a DevTools window attached.

<webview>.isDevToolsFocused()

Returns Boolean - Whether DevTools window of guest page is focused.

<webview>.isDevToolsFocused()

Returns Boolean - Whether DevTools window of guest page is focused.

<webview>.inspectElement(x, y)

• x Integer
• y Integer

Starts inspecting element at position (x, y) of guest page.

<webview>.inspectElement(x, y)

• x Integer
• y Integer

Starts inspecting element at position (x, y) of guest page.

<webview>.inspectSharedWorker()

Opens the DevTools for the shared worker context present in the guest page.

<webview>.inspectSharedWorker()

Opens the DevTools for the shared worker context present in the guest page.

<webview>.inspectServiceWorker()

Opens the DevTools for the service worker context present in the guest page.

<webview>.inspectServiceWorker()

Opens the DevTools for the service worker context present in the guest page.

<webview>.setAudioMuted(muted)

• muted Boolean

设置访客页是否静音。

<webview>.setAudioMuted(muted)

• muted Boolean

Set guest page muted.

<webview>.isAudioMuted()

返回 Boolean - 访客页是否被静音。

<webview>.isAudioMuted()

Returns Boolean - Whether guest page has been muted.

<webview>.isCurrentlyAudible()

Returns Boolean - Whether audio is currently playing.

<webview>.isCurrentlyAudible()

Returns Boolean - Whether audio is currently playing.

<webview>.undo()

在页面中执行编辑命令 undo。

<webview>.undo()

Executes editing command undo in page.

<webview>.redo()

在页面中执行编辑命令 redo。

<webview>.redo()

Executes editing command redo in page.

<webview>.cut()

在页面中执行编辑命令 cut。

<webview>.cut()

Executes editing command cut in page.

<webview>.copy()

在页面中执行编辑命令 copy。

<webview>.copy()

Executes editing command copy in page.

<webview>.paste()

在页面中执行编辑命令 paste。

<webview>.paste()

Executes editing command paste in page.

<webview>.pasteAndMatchStyle()

在页面中执行编辑命令 pasteAndMatchStyle。

<webview>.pasteAndMatchStyle()

Executes editing command pasteAndMatchStyle in page.

<webview>.delete()

在页面中执行编辑命令 delete。

<webview>.delete()

Executes editing command delete in page.

<webview>.selectAll()

在页面中执行编辑命令 selectAll。

<webview>.selectAll()

Executes editing command selectAll in page.

<webview>.unselect()

在页面中执行编辑命令 unselect。

<webview>.unselect()

Executes editing command unselect in page.

<webview>.replace(text)

• text String

在页面中执行编辑命令 replace。

<webview>.replace(text)

• text String

Executes editing command replace in page.

<webview>.replaceMisspelling(text)

• text String

在页面中执行编辑命令 replaceMisspelling。

<webview>.replaceMisspelling(text)

• text String

Executes editing command replaceMisspelling in page.

<webview>.insertText(text)

• text String

插入text 到焦点元素

<webview>.insertText(text)

• text String

Inserts text to the focused element.

<webview>.findInPage(text[, options])

• text String - 要搜索的内容，必须非空。

• options Object (可选)

  • forward Boolean (可选) -向前或向后搜索，默认为 true。
  • findNext Boolean (optional) - Whether the operation is first request or a follow up, defaults to false.
  • matchCase Boolean (optional) - Whether search should be case-sensitive, defaults to false.
  • wordStart Boolean (optional) - Whether to look only at the start of words. defaults to false.
  • medialCapitalAsWordStart Boolean (optional) - When combined with wordStart, accepts a match in the middle of a word if the match begins with an uppercase letter followed by a lowercase or non-letter. Accepts several other intra-word matches, defaults to false.

Returns Integer - The request id used for the request.

Starts a request to find all matches for the text in the web page. The result of the request can be obtained by subscribing to found-in-page event.

<webview>.findInPage(text[, options])

• text String - Content to be searched, must not be empty.

• options Object (optional)

  • forward Boolean (optional) - Whether to search forward or backward, defaults to true.
  • findNext Boolean (optional) - Whether the operation is first request or a follow up, defaults to false.
  • matchCase Boolean (optional) - Whether search should be case-sensitive, defaults to false.
  • wordStart Boolean (optional) - Whether to look only at the start of words. defaults to false.
  • medialCapitalAsWordStart Boolean (optional) - When combined with wordStart, accepts a match in the middle of a word if the match begins with an uppercase letter followed by a lowercase or non-letter. Accepts several other intra-word matches, defaults to false.

Returns Integer - The request id used for the request.

Starts a request to find all matches for the text in the web page. The result of the request can be obtained by subscribing to found-in-page event.

<webview>.stopFindInPage(action)

• action String - Specifies the action to take place when ending <webview>.findInPage request.

  • clearSelection - Clear the selection.
  • keepSelection - Translate the selection into a normal selection.
  • activateSelection - Focus and click the selection node.

Stops any findInPage request for the webview with the provided action.

<webview>.stopFindInPage(action)

• action String - Specifies the action to take place when ending <webview>.findInPage request.

  • clearSelection - Clear the selection.
  • keepSelection - Translate the selection into a normal selection.
  • activateSelection - Focus and click the selection node.

Stops any findInPage request for the webview with the provided action.

<webview>.print([options])

• options Object (可选)

  • silent Boolean (可选) - 不询问用户打印信息，默认为 false。
  • printBackground Boolean (optional) - Also prints the background color and image of the web page. Default is false.
  • deviceName String (optional) - Set the printer device name to use. Default is ''.

Prints webview's web page. Same as webContents.print([options]).

<webview>.print([options])

• options Object (optional)

  • silent Boolean (optional) - Don't ask user for print settings. Default is false.
  • printBackground Boolean (optional) - Also prints the background color and image of the web page. Default is false.
  • deviceName String (optional) - Set the printer device name to use. Default is ''.

Prints webview's web page. Same as webContents.print([options]).

<webview>.printToPDF(options, callback)

• options Object

  • marginsType Integer (optional) - Specifies the type of margins to use. Uses 0 for default margin, 1 for no margin, and 2 for minimum margin.
  • pageSize String | Size (optional) - Specify page size of the generated PDF. Can be A3, A4, A5, Legal, Letter, Tabloid or an Object containing height and width in microns.
  • printBackground Boolean (optional) - Whether to print CSS backgrounds.
  • printSelectionOnly Boolean (optional) - Whether to print selection only.
  • landscape Boolean (optional) - true for landscape, false for portrait.

• callback Function

  • error Error
  • data Buffer

Prints webview's web page as PDF, Same as webContents.printToPDF(options, callback).

即将弃用

<webview>.printToPDF(options, callback)

• options Object

  • marginsType Integer (optional) - Specifies the type of margins to use. Uses 0 for default margin, 1 for no margin, and 2 for minimum margin.
  • pageSize String | Size (optional) - Specify page size of the generated PDF. Can be A3, A4, A5, Legal, Letter, Tabloid or an Object containing height and width in microns.
  • printBackground Boolean (optional) - Whether to print CSS backgrounds.
  • printSelectionOnly Boolean (optional) - Whether to print selection only.
  • landscape Boolean (optional) - true for landscape, false for portrait.

• callback Function

  • error Error
  • data Buffer

Prints webview's web page as PDF, Same as webContents.printToPDF(options, callback).

Deprecated Soon

<webview>.printToPDF(options)

• options Object

  • marginsType Integer (optional) - Specifies the type of margins to use. Uses 0 for default margin, 1 for no margin, and 2 for minimum margin.
  • pageSize String | Size (optional) - Specify page size of the generated PDF. Can be A3, A4, A5, Legal, Letter, Tabloid or an Object containing height and width in microns.
  • printBackground Boolean (optional) - Whether to print CSS backgrounds.
  • printSelectionOnly Boolean (optional) - Whether to print selection only.
  • landscape Boolean (optional) - true for landscape, false for portrait.

Returns Promise<Buffer> - Resolves with the generated PDF data.

Prints webview's web page as PDF, Same as webContents.printToPDF(options).

<webview>.printToPDF(options)

• options Object

  • marginsType Integer (optional) - Specifies the type of margins to use. Uses 0 for default margin, 1 for no margin, and 2 for minimum margin.
  • pageSize String | Size (optional) - Specify page size of the generated PDF. Can be A3, A4, A5, Legal, Letter, Tabloid or an Object containing height and width in microns.
  • printBackground Boolean (optional) - Whether to print CSS backgrounds.
  • printSelectionOnly Boolean (optional) - Whether to print selection only.
  • landscape Boolean (optional) - true for landscape, false for portrait.

Returns Promise<Buffer> - Resolves with the generated PDF data.

Prints webview's web page as PDF, Same as webContents.printToPDF(options).

<webview>.capturePage([rect, ]callback)

• rect Rectangle (可选) - 捕获的区域

• callback Function

  • image NativeImage

Captures a snapshot of the page within rect. Upon completion callback will be called with callback(image). The image is an instance of NativeImage that stores data of the snapshot. Omitting rect will capture the whole visible page.

即将弃用

<webview>.capturePage([rect, ]callback)

• rect Rectangle (optional) - The bounds to capture

• callback Function

  • image NativeImage

Captures a snapshot of the page within rect. Upon completion callback will be called with callback(image). The image is an instance of NativeImage that stores data of the snapshot. Omitting rect will capture the whole visible page.

Deprecated Soon

<webview>.capturePage([rect])

• rect Rectangle (optional) - The area of the page to be captured.

Returns Promise<NativeImage> - Resolves with a NativeImage

Captures a snapshot of the page within rect. Omitting rect will capture the whole visible page.

<webview>.capturePage([rect])

• rect Rectangle (optional) - The area of the page to be captured.

Returns Promise<NativeImage> - Resolves with a NativeImage

Captures a snapshot of the page within rect. Omitting rect will capture the whole visible page.

<webview>.send(channel[, arg1][, arg2][, ...])

• channel String
• ...args any[]

通过channel向渲染器进程发送异步消息，可以发送任意参数。 The renderer process can handle the message by listening to the channel event with the ipcRenderer module.

示例请进传送门： webContents.send

<webview>.send(channel[, arg1][, arg2][, ...])

• channel String
• ...args any[]

Send an asynchronous message to renderer process via channel, you can also send arbitrary arguments. The renderer process can handle the message by listening to the channel event with the ipcRenderer module.

See webContents.send for examples.

<webview>.sendInputEvent(event)

• event Object

Sends an input event to the page.

See webContents.sendInputEvent for detailed description of event object.

<webview>.sendInputEvent(event)

• event Object

Sends an input event to the page.

See webContents.sendInputEvent for detailed description of event object.

<webview>.setZoomFactor(factor)

• factor Number - 缩放比例

更改缩放比例。缩放比例是缩放百分比除以 100，如 300% = 3.0。

<webview>.setZoomFactor(factor)

• factor Number - Zoom factor.

Changes the zoom factor to the specified factor. Zoom factor is zoom percent divided by 100, so 300% = 3.0.

<webview>.setZoomLevel(level)

• level Number - 缩放等级。

更改缩放等级。 The original size is 0 and each increment above or below represents zooming 20% larger or smaller to default limits of 300% and 50% of original size, respectively. The formula for this is scale := 1.2 ^ level.

<webview>.setZoomLevel(level)

• level Number - Zoom level.

Changes the zoom level to the specified level. The original size is 0 and each increment above or below represents zooming 20% larger or smaller to default limits of 300% and 50% of original size, respectively. The formula for this is scale := 1.2 ^ level.

<webview>.getZoomFactor()

Returns Number - the current zoom factor.

<webview>.getZoomFactor()

Returns Number - the current zoom factor.

<webview>.getZoomLevel()

Returns Number - the current zoom level.

<webview>.getZoomLevel()

Returns Number - the current zoom level.

<webview>.setVisualZoomLevelLimits(minimumLevel, maximumLevel)

• minimumLevel Number
• maximumLevel Number

设置最大和最小缩放级别。

<webview>.setVisualZoomLevelLimits(minimumLevel, maximumLevel)

• minimumLevel Number
• maximumLevel Number

Sets the maximum and minimum pinch-to-zoom level.

<webview>.setLayoutZoomLevelLimits(minimumLevel, maximumLevel)

• minimumLevel Number
• maximumLevel Number

设置最大和最小基于布局(例如非图像)的缩放级别。

<webview>.setLayoutZoomLevelLimits(minimumLevel, maximumLevel)

• minimumLevel Number
• maximumLevel Number

Sets the maximum and minimum layout-based (i.e. non-visual) zoom level.

<webview>.showDefinitionForSelection() macOS

Shows pop-up dictionary that searches the selected word on the page.

<webview>.showDefinitionForSelection() macOS

Shows pop-up dictionary that searches the selected word on the page.

<webview>.getWebContents()

Returns WebContents - The web contents associated with this webview.

It depends on the remote module, it is therefore not available when this module is disabled.

<webview>.getWebContents()

Returns WebContents - The web contents associated with this webview.

It depends on the remote module, it is therefore not available when this module is disabled.

<webview>.getWebContentsId()

Returns Number - The WebContents ID of this webview.

<webview>.getWebContentsId()

Returns Number - The WebContents ID of this webview.

DOM 事件

webview 标签具有以下有效的 DOM 事件：

DOM events

The following DOM events are available to the webview tag:

Event: 'load-commit'

返回:

• url String
• isMainFrame Boolean

发生load 加载时触发。 这包括当前文档中的导航以及子框架文档级加载(subframe document-level loads)，但不包括异步资源加载。

Event: 'load-commit'

Returns:

• url String
• isMainFrame Boolean

Fired when a load has committed. This includes navigation within the current document as well as subframe document-level loads, but does not include asynchronous resource loads.

Event: 'did-finish-load'

导航完成时触发，即选项卡的旋转器将停止旋转，并指派onload事件后。（译者：网页加载的过程中，并不是所有的浏览器都是转圈圈，而且浏览器版本不同，加载效果也有可能不一样。其中 ie 和 chrome 是转圈圈，safari 是进度条，firefox是一个小点左右来回移动--20180103）

Event: 'did-finish-load'

Fired when the navigation is done, i.e. the spinner of the tab will stop spinning, and the onload event is dispatched.

Event: 'did-fail-load'

返回:

• errorCode Integer
• errorDescription String
• validatedURL String
• isMainFrame Boolean

这个事件类似于 did-finish-load, 不过是在加载失败或取消后触发，例如调用了 window.stop()

Event: 'did-fail-load'

Returns:

• errorCode Integer
• errorDescription String
• validatedURL String
• isMainFrame Boolean

This event is like did-finish-load, but fired when the load failed or was cancelled, e.g. window.stop() is invoked.

Event: 'did-frame-finish-load'

返回:

• isMainFrame Boolean

Fired when a frame has done navigation.

Event: 'did-frame-finish-load'

Returns:

• isMainFrame Boolean

Fired when a frame has done navigation.

Event: 'did-start-loading'

Corresponds to the points in time when the spinner of the tab starts spinning.

Event: 'did-start-loading'

Corresponds to the points in time when the spinner of the tab starts spinning.

Event: 'did-stop-loading'

Corresponds to the points in time when the spinner of the tab stops spinning.

Event: 'did-stop-loading'

Corresponds to the points in time when the spinner of the tab stops spinning.

事件: 'dom-ready'

Fired when document in the given frame is loaded.

Event: 'dom-ready'

Fired when document in the given frame is loaded.

事件： 'page-title-updated'

返回:

• title String
• explicitSet Boolean

Fired when page title is set during navigation. explicitSet is false when title is synthesized from file url.

Event: 'page-title-updated'

Returns:

• title String
• explicitSet Boolean

Fired when page title is set during navigation. explicitSet is false when title is synthesized from file url.

事件: 'page-favicon-updated'

返回:

• favicons String[] - 由连接组成的数组。

Fired when page receives favicon urls.

Event: 'page-favicon-updated'

Returns:

• favicons String[] - Array of URLs.

Fired when page receives favicon urls.

事件: 'enter-html-full-screen'

Fired when page enters fullscreen triggered by HTML API.

Event: 'enter-html-full-screen'

Fired when page enters fullscreen triggered by HTML API.

事件: 'leave-html-full-screen'

Fired when page leaves fullscreen triggered by HTML API.

Event: 'leave-html-full-screen'

Fired when page leaves fullscreen triggered by HTML API.

Event: 'console-message'

返回:

• level Integer
• message String
• line Integer
• sourceId String

Fired when the guest window logs a console message.

The following example code forwards all log messages to the embedder's console without regard for log level or other properties.

const webview = document.querySelector('webview')
webview.addEventListener('console-message', (e) => {
  console.log('Guest page logged a message:', e.message)
})

Event: 'console-message'

Returns:

• level Integer
• message String
• line Integer
• sourceId String

Fired when the guest window logs a console message.

The following example code forwards all log messages to the embedder's console without regard for log level or other properties.

const webview = document.querySelector('webview')
webview.addEventListener('console-message', (e) => {
  console.log('Guest page logged a message:', e.message)
})

Event: 'found-in-page'

返回:

• result Object

  • requestId Integer
  • activeMatchOrdinal Integer - 当前匹配位置。
  • matches Integer - 符合匹配条件的元素个数。
  • selectionArea Object - Coordinates of first match region.
  • finalUpdate Boolean

Fired when a result is available for webview.findInPage request.

const webview = document.querySelector('webview')
webview.addEventListener('found-in-page', (e) => {
  webview.stopFindInPage('keepSelection')
})
const requestId = webview.findInPage('test')
console.log(requestId)

Event: 'found-in-page'

Returns:

• result Object

  • requestId Integer
  • activeMatchOrdinal Integer - Position of the active match.
  • matches Integer - Number of Matches.
  • selectionArea Object - Coordinates of first match region.
  • finalUpdate Boolean

Fired when a result is available for webview.findInPage request.

const webview = document.querySelector('webview')
webview.addEventListener('found-in-page', (e) => {
  webview.stopFindInPage('keepSelection')
})
const requestId = webview.findInPage('test')
console.log(requestId)

Event: 'new-window'

返回:

• url String
• frameName String
• disposition String - 可以被设置为 default, foreground-tab, background-tab, new-window, save-to-disk 及 other.
• options Object - The options which should be used for creating the new BrowserWindow.

Fired when the guest page attempts to open a new browser window.

The following example code opens the new url in system's default browser.

const { shell } = require('electron')
const webview = document.querySelector('webview')
webview.addEventListener('new-window', async (e) => {
  const protocol = require('url').parse(e.url).protocol
  if (protocol === 'http:' || protocol === 'https:') {
    await shell.openExternal(e.url)
  }
})

Event: 'new-window'

Returns:

• url String
• frameName String
• disposition String - Can be default, foreground-tab, background-tab, new-window, save-to-disk and other.
• options Object - The options which should be used for creating the new BrowserWindow.

Fired when the guest page attempts to open a new browser window.

The following example code opens the new url in system's default browser.

const { shell } = require('electron')
const webview = document.querySelector('webview')
webview.addEventListener('new-window', async (e) => {
  const protocol = require('url').parse(e.url).protocol
  if (protocol === 'http:' || protocol === 'https:') {
    await shell.openExternal(e.url)
  }
})

Event: 'will-navigate'

返回:

• url String

Emitted when a user or the page wants to start navigation. It can happen when the window.location object is changed or a user clicks a link in the page.

This event will not emit when the navigation is started programmatically with APIs like <webview>.loadURL and <webview>.back.

It is also not emitted during in-page navigation, such as clicking anchor links or updating the window.location.hash. Use did-navigate-in-page event for this purpose.

Calling event.preventDefault() does NOT have any effect.

Event: 'will-navigate'

Returns:

• url String

Emitted when a user or the page wants to start navigation. It can happen when the window.location object is changed or a user clicks a link in the page.

This event will not emit when the navigation is started programmatically with APIs like <webview>.loadURL and <webview>.back.

It is also not emitted during in-page navigation, such as clicking anchor links or updating the window.location.hash. Use did-navigate-in-page event for this purpose.

Calling event.preventDefault() does NOT have any effect.

Event: 'did-navigate'

返回:

• url String

Emitted when a navigation is done.

This event is not emitted for in-page navigations, such as clicking anchor links or updating the window.location.hash. Use did-navigate-in-page event for this purpose.

Event: 'did-navigate'

Returns:

• url String

Emitted when a navigation is done.

This event is not emitted for in-page navigations, such as clicking anchor links or updating the window.location.hash. Use did-navigate-in-page event for this purpose.

Event: 'did-navigate-in-page'

返回:

• isMainFrame Boolean
• url String

当发生页内导航时，触发该事件。

当发生页内导航时，虽然页面地址发生变化，但它并没有导航到其它页面。 例如，点击锚点链接，或者DOM的 hashchange事件被触发时，都会触发该事件。

Event: 'did-navigate-in-page'

Returns:

• isMainFrame Boolean
• url String

Emitted when an in-page navigation happened.

When in-page navigation happens, the page URL changes but does not cause navigation outside of the page. Examples of this occurring are when anchor links are clicked or when the DOM hashchange event is triggered.

事件： 'close'

Fired when the guest page attempts to close itself.

The following example code navigates the webview to about:blank when the guest attempts to close itself.

const webview = document.querySelector('webview')
webview.addEventListener('close', () => {
  webview.src = 'about:blank'
})

Event: 'close'

Fired when the guest page attempts to close itself.

The following example code navigates the webview to about:blank when the guest attempts to close itself.

const webview = document.querySelector('webview')
webview.addEventListener('close', () => {
  webview.src = 'about:blank'
})

Event: 'ipc-message'

返回:

• channel String
• args Array

Fired when the guest page has sent an asynchronous message to embedder page.

With sendToHost method and ipc-message event you can communicate between guest page and embedder page:

// In embedder page.
const webview = document.querySelector('webview')
webview.addEventListener('ipc-message', (event) => {
  console.log(event.channel)
  // Prints "pong"
})
webview.send('ping')

// 在访客页。
const { ipcRenderer } = require('electron')
ipcRenderer.on('ping', () => {
  ipcRenderer.sendToHost('pong')
})

Event: 'ipc-message'

Returns:

• channel String
• args Array

Fired when the guest page has sent an asynchronous message to embedder page.

With sendToHost method and ipc-message event you can communicate between guest page and embedder page:

// In embedder page.
const webview = document.querySelector('webview')
webview.addEventListener('ipc-message', (event) => {
  console.log(event.channel)
  // Prints "pong"
})
webview.send('ping')

// In guest page.
const { ipcRenderer } = require('electron')
ipcRenderer.on('ping', () => {
  ipcRenderer.sendToHost('pong')
})

Event: 'crashed'

Fired when the renderer process is crashed.

Event: 'crashed'

Fired when the renderer process is crashed.

Event: 'plugin-crashed'

返回:

• name String
• version String

Fired when a plugin process is crashed.

Event: 'plugin-crashed'

Returns:

• name String
• version String

Fired when a plugin process is crashed.

Event: 'destroyed'

Fired when the WebContents is destroyed.

Event: 'destroyed'

Fired when the WebContents is destroyed.

Event: 'media-started-playing'

多媒体开始播放时，触发该事件。

Event: 'media-started-playing'

Emitted when media starts playing.

Event: 'media-paused'

当媒体文件暂停或播放完成的时候触发

Event: 'media-paused'

Emitted when media is paused or done playing.

Event: 'did-change-theme-color'

返回:

• themeColor String

Emitted when a page's theme color changes. This is usually due to encountering a meta tag:

<meta name='theme-color' content='#ff0000'>

Event: 'did-change-theme-color'

Returns:

• themeColor String

Emitted when a page's theme color changes. This is usually due to encountering a meta tag:

<meta name='theme-color' content='#ff0000'>

Event: 'update-target-url'

返回:

• url String

当鼠标滑到，或者键盘切换到a连接时，触发该事件。

Event: 'update-target-url'

Returns:

• url String

Emitted when mouse moves over a link or the keyboard moves the focus to a link.

Event: 'devtools-opened'

当开发者工具被打开时，触发该事件。

Event: 'devtools-opened'

Emitted when DevTools is opened.

Event: 'devtools-closed'

当开发者工具被关闭时，触发该事件。

Event: 'devtools-closed'

Emitted when DevTools is closed.

Event: 'devtools-focused'

当开发者工具被选中/打开时，触发该事件。

Event: 'devtools-focused'

Emitted when DevTools is focused / opened.