Electron 基于 Chromium，所以需要一个显示驱动使其运转。 如果 Chromium 无法找到一个显示驱动， Electron 会启动失败，因此无论你如何去运行它，Electron 不会执行你的任何测试。 在 Travis，Circle， Jenkins 或者类似的系统上测试基于Electron的应用时，需要进行一些配置。 本质上，我们需要使用一个 虚拟的显示驱动。

Testing on Headless CI Systems (Travis CI, Jenkins)

Being based on Chromium, Electron requires a display driver to function. If Chromium can't find a display driver, Electron will fail to launch - and therefore not executing any of your tests, regardless of how you are running them. Testing Electron-based apps on Travis, Circle, Jenkins or similar Systems requires therefore a little bit of configuration. In essence, we need to use a virtual display driver.

配置虚拟显示服务器

首先安装 Xvfb. 这是一个虚拟的帧缓冲，实现了X11显示服务协议，所有的图形操作都在内存中表现，而不需要显示在 任何屏幕输出设备上。这正是我们所需要的。

然后创建一个虚拟屏幕实例(Xvfb), 并导出 DISPLAY 变量, 该变量存储虚拟屏幕的引用. Electron 中的 Chromium 会自动的去寻找 $DISPLAY，所以你的应用不需要再去进行配置 这一步可以通过 Paul Betts 的 xvfb-maybe 实现自动化：如果系统需要，在xvfb-maybe前加上你的测试命令 然后这个小工具会自动的设置 xvfb。 在 Windows 或 macOS ，它不会执行任何东西。

## 在 Windows 或者 macOS，这只是调用 electron-mocha
## 在 Linux， 如果我们在一个 headless 环境，这将是等同于
## 执行 xvfb-run electron-mocha ./test/*.js
xvfb-maybe electron-mocha ./test/*.js

Configuring the Virtual Display Server

First, install Xvfb. It's a virtual framebuffer, implementing the X11 display server protocol - it performs all graphical operations in memory without showing any screen output, which is exactly what we need.

Then, create a virtual Xvfb screen and export an environment variable called DISPLAY that points to it. Chromium in Electron will automatically look for $DISPLAY, so no further configuration of your app is required. This step can be automated with Anaïs Betts' xvfb-maybe: Prepend your test commands with xvfb-maybe and the little tool will automatically configure Xvfb, if required by the current system. On Windows or macOS, it will do nothing.

## On Windows or macOS, this invokes electron-mocha
## On Linux, if we are in a headless environment, this will be equivalent
## to xvfb-run electron-mocha ./test/*.js
xvfb-maybe electron-mocha ./test/*.js

Travis CI

在 Travis 上, 你的 .travis.yml 应该和下面的代码相似:

addons:
  apt:
    packages:- xvfb
install:
  - export DISPLAY=':99.0'
  - Xvfb :99 -screen 0 1024x768x24 > /dev/null 2>&1 &

Travis CI

On Travis, your .travis.yml should look roughly like this:

addons:
  apt:
    packages:- xvfb
install:
  - export DISPLAY=':99.0'
  - Xvfb :99 -screen 0 1024x768x24 > /dev/null 2>&1 &

Jenkins

Jenkins下, 有一个可用的 Xvfb 插件。

Jenkins

For Jenkins, a Xvfb plugin is available.

Circle CI

Circle CI is awesome and has Xvfb and $DISPLAY already set up, so no further configuration is required.

Circle CI

Circle CI is awesome and has Xvfb and $DISPLAY already set up, so no further configuration is required.

AppVeyor

AppVeyor 运行于 Windows 上，支持 Selenium，Chromium，Electron 以及一些类似的工具，开箱即用，无需配置

AppVeyor

AppVeyor runs on Windows, supporting Selenium, Chromium, Electron and similar tools out of the box - no configuration is required.