中间件及架构 - MAVLink消息机制
translated_page: https://github.com/PX4/Devguide/blob/master/en/middleware/mavlink.md
translated_sha: 95b39d747851dd01c1fe5d36b24e59ec865e323e
MAVLink消息
所有消息的概述可以在这里找到.
创建自定义MAVLink消息
这篇教程是假设你已经在 msg/ca_trajectory.msg
有了一个自定义uORB ca_trajectory
消息,并且在 mavlink/include/mavlink/v1.0/custom_messages/mavlink_msg_ca_trajectory.h
有了一个自定义mavlinkca_trajectory
消息(点击此处查看如何建立一个自定义mavlink消息以及头文件)。
发送自定义MAVLink消息
这部分介绍如何使用一个自定义uORB消息并且作为mavlink消息发送。
添加mavlink
的头文件和uorb消息到mavlink_messages.cpp
#include <uORB/topics/ca_trajectory.h>
#include <v1.0/custom_messages/mavlink_msg_ca_trajectory.h>
在mavlink_messages.cpp中创建一个新的类
class MavlinkStreamCaTrajectory : public MavlinkStream
{
public:
const char *get_name() const
{
return MavlinkStreamCaTrajectory::get_name_static();
}
static const char *get_name_static()
{
return "CA_TRAJECTORY";
}
static uint8_t get_id_static()
{
return MAVLINK_MSG_ID_CA_TRAJECTORY;
}
uint8_t get_id()
{
return get_id_static();
}
static MavlinkStream *new_instance(Mavlink *mavlink)
{
return new MavlinkStreamCaTrajectory(mavlink);
}
unsigned get_size()
{
return MAVLINK_MSG_ID_CA_TRAJECTORY_LEN + MAVLINK_NUM_NON_PAYLOAD_BYTES;
}
private:
MavlinkOrbSubscription *_sub;
uint64_t _ca_traj_time;
/* do not allow top copying this class */
MavlinkStreamCaTrajectory(MavlinkStreamCaTrajectory &);
MavlinkStreamCaTrajectory& operator = (const MavlinkStreamCaTrajectory &);
protected:
explicit MavlinkStreamCaTrajectory(Mavlink *mavlink) : MavlinkStream(mavlink),
_sub(_mavlink->add_orb_subscription(ORB_ID(ca_trajectory))), // make sure you enter the name of your uorb topic here
_ca_traj_time(0)
{}
void send(const hrt_abstime t)
{
struct ca_trajectory_s _ca_trajectory; //make sure ca_trajectory_s is the definition of your uorb topic
if (_sub->update(&_ca_traj_time, &_ca_trajectory)) {
mavlink_ca_trajectory_t msg;//make sure mavlink_ca_trajectory_t is the definition of your custom mavlink message
msg.timestamp = _ca_trajectory.timestamp;
msg.time_start_usec = _ca_trajectory.time_start_usec;
msg.time_stop_usec = _ca_trajectory.time_stop_usec;
msg.coefficients =_ca_trajectory.coefficients;
msg.seq_id = _ca_trajectory.seq_id;
mavlink_msg_ca_trajectory_send_struct(_mavlink->get_channel(), &msg);
}
}
};
最后附加流类streams_list
的到mavlink_messages.cpp底部
StreamListItem *streams_list[] = {
...
new StreamListItem(&MavlinkStreamCaTrajectory::new_instance, &MavlinkStreamCaTrajectory::get_name_static),
nullptr
};
然后确保启用流,例如通过在启动脚本中添加以下行(-r
配置流速率,-u
标识UDP端口14556上的mavlink通道):
mavlink stream -r 50 -s CA_TRAJECTORY -u 14556
接收自定义MAVLink消息
这部分解释如何通过mavlink接收消息并将其发布到uORB。
在mavlink_receiver.h中增加一个用来处理接收信息得函数
#include <uORB/topics/ca_trajectory.h>
#include <v1.0/custom_messages/mavlink_msg_ca_trajectory.h>
在 mavlink_receiver.h中增加一个处理类MavlinkReceiver
中的输入mavlink消息的函数
void handle_message_ca_trajectory_msg(mavlink_message_t *msg);
在 mavlink_receiver.h中加入一个类MavlinkReceiver
中的uORB消息发布者
orb_advert_t _ca_traj_msg_pub;
在mavlink_receiver.cpp中实现handle_message_ca_trajectory_msg
功能
void
MavlinkReceiver::handle_message_ca_trajectory_msg(mavlink_message_t *msg)
{
mavlink_ca_trajectory_t traj;
mavlink_msg_ca_trajectory_decode(msg, &traj);
struct ca_trajectory_s f;
memset(&f, 0, sizeof(f));
f.timestamp = hrt_absolute_time();
f.seq_id = traj.seq_id;
f.time_start_usec = traj.time_start_usec;
f.time_stop_usec = traj.time_stop_usec;
for(int i=0;i<28;i++)
f.coefficients[i] = traj.coefficients[i];
if (_ca_traj_msg_pub == nullptr) {
_ca_traj_msg_pub = orb_advertise(ORB_ID(ca_trajectory), &f);
} else {
orb_publish(ORB_ID(ca_trajectory), _ca_traj_msg_pub, &f);
}
}
最后确定函数在MavlinkReceiver::handle_message()中被调用
MavlinkReceiver::handle_message(mavlink_message_t *msg)
{
switch (msg->msgid) {
...
case MAVLINK_MSG_ID_CA_TRAJECTORY:
handle_message_ca_trajectory_msg(msg);
break;
...
}
一般情况
设置流速率
有时,增加单个主题的流速率(例如,为例在QGC中检查)是有用的。这可以通过下面这行代码来实现
mavlink stream -u <port number> -s <mavlink topic name> -r <rate>
你可以通过mavlink status
找到端口号,相应地将输出(在其他消息之间)transport protocol: UDP (<port number>)
。例如你可能得到
mavlink stream -u 14556 -s OPTICAL_FLOW_RAD -r 300