11.10 Find Minimum in Rotated Sorted Array
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2023-12-01
Question
- leetcode: Find Minimum in Rotated Sorted Array | LeetCode OJ
- lintcode: (159) Find Minimum in Rotated Sorted Array
Problem Statement
Suppose a sorted array is rotated at some pivot unknown to you beforehand.
(i.e., 0 1 2 4 5 6 7
might become 4 5 6 7 0 1 2
).
Find the minimum element.
Example
Given [4, 5, 6, 7, 0, 1, 2]
return 0
Note
You may assume no duplicate exists in the array.
题解
如前节所述,对于旋转数组的分析可使用画图的方法,如下图所示,升序数组经旋转后可能为如下两种形式。
最小值可能在上图中的两种位置出现,如果仍然使用数组首部元素作为target去比较,则需要考虑图中右侧情况。使用逆向思维分析,如果使用数组尾部元素分析,则无需图中右侧的特殊情况。不过考虑在内的话也算是一种优化。
C++
class Solution {
public:
/**
* @param num: a rotated sorted array
* @return: the minimum number in the array
*/
int findMin(vector<int> &num) {
if (num.empty()) {
return -1;
}
vector<int>::size_type start = 0;
vector<int>::size_type end = num.size() - 1;
vector<int>::size_type mid;
while (start + 1 < end) {
mid = start + (end - start) / 2;
if (num[mid] < num[end]) {
end = mid;
} else {
start = mid;
}
}
if (num[start] < num[end]) {
return num[start];
} else {
return num[end];
}
}
};
Java
public class Solution {
/**
* @param num: a rotated sorted array
* @return: the minimum number in the array
*/
public int findMin(int[] num) {
if (num == null || num.length == 0) return Integer.MIN_VALUE;
int lb = 0, ub = num.length - 1;
// case1: num[0] < num[num.length - 1]
// if (num[lb] < num[ub]) return num[lb];
// case2: num[0] > num[num.length - 1] or num[0] < num[num.length - 1]
while (lb + 1 < ub) {
int mid = lb + (ub - lb) / 2;
if (num[mid] < num[ub]) {
ub = mid;
} else {
lb = mid;
}
}
return Math.min(num[lb], num[ub]);
}
}
源码分析
仅需注意使用num[end]
(使用 num[lb]不是那么直观)作为判断依据即可,由于题中已给无重复数组的条件,故无需处理num[mid] == num[end]
特殊条件。
复杂度分析
由于无重复元素,平均情况下复杂度为 $$O(\log n)$$.