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链表是一系列数据结构，通过链接连接在一起。 链接列表是包含项目的一系列链接。 每个链接都包含与另一个链接的连接。 链表是数组后第二常用的数据结构。

用C实现 (Implementation in C)

#include <stdio.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <stdbool.h>
struct node {
   int data;
   int key;
   struct node *next;
};
struct node *head = NULL;
struct node *current = NULL;
//display the list
void printList() {
   struct node *ptr = head;
   printf("\n[ ");
   //start from the beginning
   while(ptr != NULL) {
      printf("(%d,%d) ",ptr->key,ptr->data);
      ptr = ptr->next;
   }
   printf(" ]");
}
//insert link at the first location
void insertFirst(int key, int data) {
   //create a link
   struct node *link = (struct node*) malloc(sizeof(struct node));
   link->key = key;
   link->data = data;
   //point it to old first node
   link->next = head;
   //point first to new first node
   head = link;
}
//delete first item
struct node* deleteFirst() {
   //save reference to first link
   struct node *tempLink = head;
   //mark next to first link as first 
   head = head->next;
   //return the deleted link
   return tempLink;
}
//is list empty
bool isEmpty() {
   return head == NULL;
}
int length() {
   int length = 0;
   struct node *current;
   for(current = head; current != NULL; current = current->next) {
      length++;
   }
   return length;
}
//find a link with given key
struct node* find(int key) {
   //start from the first link
   struct node* current = head;
   //if list is empty
   if(head == NULL) {
      return NULL;
   }
   //navigate through list
   while(current->key != key) {
      //if it is last node
      if(current->next == NULL) {
         return NULL;
      } else {
         //go to next link
         current = current->next;
      }
   }      
   //if data found, return the current Link
   return current;
}
//delete a link with given key
struct node* delete(int key) {
   //start from the first link
   struct node* current = head;
   struct node* previous = NULL;
   //if list is empty
   if(head == NULL) {
      return NULL;
   }
   //navigate through list
   while(current->key != key) {
      //if it is last node
      if(current->next == NULL) {
         return NULL;
      } else {
         //store reference to current link
         previous = current;
         //move to next link
         current = current->next;
      }
   }
   //found a match, update the link
   if(current == head) {
      //change first to point to next link
      head = head->next;
   } else {
      //bypass the current link
      previous->next = current->next;
   }    
   return current;
}
void sort() {
   int i, j, k, tempKey, tempData;
   struct node *current;
   struct node *next;
   int size = length();
   k = size ;
   for ( i = 0 ; i < size - 1 ; i++, k-- ) {
      current = head;
      next = head->next;
      for ( j = 1 ; j < k ; j++ ) {   
         if ( current->data > next->data ) {
            tempData = current->data;
            current->data = next->data;
            next->data = tempData;
            tempKey = current->key;
            current->key = next->key;
            next->key = tempKey;
         }
         current = current->next;
         next = next->next;
      }
   }   
}
void reverse(struct node** head_ref) {
   struct node* prev   = NULL;
   struct node* current = *head_ref;
   struct node* next;
   while (current != NULL) {
      next  = current->next;
      current->next = prev;   
      prev = current;
      current = next;
   }
   *head_ref = prev;
}
void main() {
   insertFirst(1,10);
   insertFirst(2,20);
   insertFirst(3,30);
   insertFirst(4,1);
   insertFirst(5,40);
   insertFirst(6,56); 
   printf("Original List: "); 
   //print list
   printList();
   while(!isEmpty()) {            
      struct node *temp = deleteFirst();
      printf("\nDeleted value:");
      printf("(%d,%d) ",temp->key,temp->data);
   }  
   printf("\nList after deleting all items: ");
   printList();
   insertFirst(1,10);
   insertFirst(2,20);
   insertFirst(3,30);
   insertFirst(4,1);
   insertFirst(5,40);
   insertFirst(6,56);
   printf("\nRestored List: ");
   printList();
   printf("\n");  
   struct node *foundLink = find(4);
   if(foundLink != NULL) {
      printf("Element found: ");
      printf("(%d,%d) ",foundLink->key,foundLink->data);
      printf("\n");  
   } else {
      printf("Element not found.");
   }
   delete(4);
   printf("List after deleting an item: ");
   printList();
   printf("\n");
   foundLink = find(4);
   if(foundLink != NULL) {
      printf("Element found: ");
      printf("(%d,%d) ",foundLink->key,foundLink->data);
      printf("\n");
   } else {
      printf("Element not found.");
   }
   printf("\n");
   sort();
   printf("List after sorting the data: ");
   printList();
   reverse(&head);
   printf("\nList after reversing the data: ");
   printList();
}

如果我们编译并运行上面的程序，它将产生以下结果 -

输出 (Output)

Original List: 
[ (6,56) (5,40) (4,1) (3,30) (2,20) (1,10) ]
Deleted value:(6,56) 
Deleted value:(5,40) 
Deleted value:(4,1) 
Deleted value:(3,30) 
Deleted value:(2,20) 
Deleted value:(1,10) 
List after deleting all items: 
[ ]
Restored List: 
[ (6,56) (5,40) (4,1) (3,30) (2,20) (1,10) ]
Element found: (4,1) 
List after deleting an item: 
[ (6,56) (5,40) (3,30) (2,20) (1,10) ]
Element not found.
List after sorting the data: 
[ (1,10) (2,20) (3,30) (5,40) (6,56) ]
List after reversing the data: 
[ (6,56) (5,40) (3,30) (2,20) (1,10) ]