简单的 URL 处理程序映射(Simple Url Handler Mapping)

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2023-12-01

以下示例说明如何使用Spring Web MVC框架使用简单URL处理程序映射。 SimpleUrlHandlerMapping类有助于分别使用其控制器显式映射URL。

<beans>
   <bean class = "org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
      <property name = "prefix" value = "/WEB-INF/jsp/"/>
      <property name = "suffix" value = ".jsp"/>
   </bean>
   <bean class = "org.springframework.web.servlet.handler.SimpleUrlHandlerMapping">
      <property name = "mappings">
         <props>
            <prop key = "/welcome.htm">welcomeController</prop>		   
            <prop key = "/helloWorld.htm">helloController</prop>
         </props>
      </property>
   </bean>
   <bean id = "helloController" class = "cn.xnip.HelloController" />
   <bean id = "welcomeController" class = "cn.xnip.WelcomeController"/>  
</beans>

例如,使用上面的配置,如果是URI

  • 请求/helloWorld.htm,DispatcherServlet会将请求转发给HelloController

  • 请求/welcome.htm,DispatcherServlet会将请求转发给WelcomeController

首先,让我们使用一个可用的Eclipse IDE,并考虑使用Spring Web Framework开发基于动态表单的Web应用程序的以下步骤。

描述
1在Spring MVC - Hello World章节中解释,在cn.xnip包下创建一个名为TestWeb的项目。
2在cn.xnip包下创建Java类HelloController和WelcomeController。
3在jsp子文件夹下创建视图文件hello.jsp和welcome.jsp。
4最后一步是创建源文件和配置文件的内容并导出应用程序,如下所述。

HelloController.java

package cn.xnip;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.AbstractController;
public class HelloController extends AbstractController{
   @Override
   protected ModelAndView handleRequestInternal(HttpServletRequest request,
      HttpServletResponse response) throws Exception {
      ModelAndView model = new ModelAndView("hello");
      model.addObject("message", "Hello World!");
      return model;
   }
}

WelcomeController.java

package cn.xnip;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.AbstractController;
public class WelcomeController extends AbstractController{
   @Override
   protected ModelAndView handleRequestInternal(HttpServletRequest request,
      HttpServletResponse response) throws Exception {
      ModelAndView model = new ModelAndView("welcome");
      model.addObject("message", "Welcome!");
      return model;
   }
}

TestWeb-servlet.xml

<beans xmlns = "http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
   xmlns:context = "http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
   xmlns:xsi = "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
   xsi:schemaLocation = "
   http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans     
   http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.0.xsd
   http://www.springframework.org/schema/context 
   http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.0.xsd">
   <bean class = "org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
      <property name = "prefix" value = "/WEB-INF/jsp/"/>
      <property name = "suffix" value = ".jsp"/>
   </bean>
   <bean class = "org.springframework.web.servlet.handler.SimpleUrlHandlerMapping">
      <property name = "mappings">
         <props>
            <prop key = "/welcome.htm">welcomeController</prop>		   
            <prop key = "/helloWorld.htm">helloController</prop>
         </props>
      </property>
   </bean>
   <bean id = "helloController" class = "cn.xnip.HelloController" />
   <bean id = "welcomeController" class = "cn.xnip.WelcomeController"/>   
</beans>

hello.jsp

<%@ page contentType = "text/html; charset = UTF-8" %>
<html>
   <head>
      <title>Hello World</title>
   </head>
   <body>
      <h2>${message}</h2>
   </body>
</html>

welcome.jsp

<%@ page contentType = "text/html; charset = UTF-8" %>
<html>
   <head>
      <title>Welcome</title>
   </head>
   <body>
      <h2>${message}</h2>
   </body>
</html>

完成创建源文件和配置文件后,导出应用程序。 右键单击您的应用程序,使用Export → WAR File选项并将TestWeb.war文件保存在Tomcat的webapps文件夹中。

现在,启动Tomcat服务器并确保您可以使用标准浏览器从webapps文件夹访问其他网页。 尝试一个URL - http://localhost:8080/TestWeb/helloWorld.htm ,如果Spring Web Application的一切正常,我们将看到以下屏幕。

Spring Controller类名称处理程序映射1

尝试使用URL http://localhost:8080/TestWeb/welcome.htm ,如果Spring Web Application的一切正常,您应该会看到以下结果。

Spring Controller类名称处理程序映射2