网络配置
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2023-12-01
使用 nmcli 配置网络
本部分使用 nmcli 命令配置网络，将默认的 DHCP 连接配置修改为静态配置。
$ nmcli connection show
NAME UUID TYPE DEVICE
eth0 9e02ed35-21b1-4edc-bc51-9cde226e06c8 802-3-ethernet eth0
virbr0 c885851c-0751-4514-8a3f-df57bc8f0d90 bridge virbr0$ nmcli connection show eth0
connection.id: eth0
connection.uuid: 9e02ed35-21b1-4edc-bc51-9cde226e06c8
connection.stable-id: --
connection.interface-name: --
connection.type: 802-3-ethernet
connection.autoconnect: yes
connection.autoconnect-priority: 0
connection.autoconnect-retries: -1 (default)
connection.timestamp: 1522655893
connection.read-only: no
connection.permissions: --
connection.zone: --
connection.master: --
connection.slave-type: --
connection.autoconnect-slaves: -1 (default)
connection.secondaries: --
connection.gateway-ping-timeout: 0
connection.metered: unknown
connection.lldp: -1 (default)
802-3-ethernet.port: --
802-3-ethernet.speed: 0
802-3-ethernet.duplex: --
802-3-ethernet.auto-negotiate: no
802-3-ethernet.mac-address: 52:54:00:E2:09:EE
802-3-ethernet.cloned-mac-address: --
802-3-ethernet.generate-mac-address-mask:--
802-3-ethernet.mac-address-blacklist: --
802-3-ethernet.mtu: auto
802-3-ethernet.s390-subchannels: --
802-3-ethernet.s390-nettype: --
802-3-ethernet.s390-options: --
802-3-ethernet.wake-on-lan: 1 (default)
802-3-ethernet.wake-on-lan-password: --
ipv4.method: auto
ipv4.dns: --
ipv4.dns-search: --
ipv4.dns-options: (default)
ipv4.dns-priority: 0
ipv4.addresses: --
ipv4.gateway: --
ipv4.routes: --
ipv4.route-metric: -1
ipv4.ignore-auto-routes: no
ipv4.ignore-auto-dns: no
ipv4.dhcp-client-id: --
ipv4.dhcp-timeout: 0
ipv4.dhcp-send-hostname: yes
ipv4.dhcp-hostname: --
ipv4.dhcp-fqdn: --
ipv4.never-default: no
ipv4.may-fail: yes
ipv4.dad-timeout: -1 (default)
ipv6.method: auto
ipv6.dns: --
ipv6.dns-search: --
ipv6.dns-options: (default)
ipv6.dns-priority: 0
ipv6.addresses: --
ipv6.gateway: --
ipv6.routes: --
ipv6.route-metric: -1
ipv6.ignore-auto-routes: no
ipv6.ignore-auto-dns: no
ipv6.never-default: no
ipv6.may-fail: yes
ipv6.ip6-privacy: -1 (unknown)
ipv6.addr-gen-mode: eui64
ipv6.dhcp-send-hostname: yes
ipv6.dhcp-hostname: --
ipv6.token: --
proxy.method: none
proxy.browser-only: no
proxy.pac-url: --
proxy.pac-script: --
GENERAL.NAME: eth0
GENERAL.UUID: 9e02ed35-21b1-4edc-bc51-9cde226e06c8
GENERAL.DEVICES: eth0
GENERAL.STATE: activated
GENERAL.DEFAULT: yes
GENERAL.DEFAULT6: no
GENERAL.VPN: no
GENERAL.ZONE: --
GENERAL.DBUS-PATH: /org/freedesktop/NetworkManager/ActiveConnection/1
GENERAL.CON-PATH: /org/freedesktop/NetworkManager/Settings/1
GENERAL.SPEC-OBJECT: --
GENERAL.MASTER-PATH: --
IP4.ADDRESS[1]: 192.168.122.4/24
IP4.GATEWAY: 192.168.122.1
IP4.DNS[1]: 192.168.122.1
DHCP4.OPTION[1]: requested_classless_static_routes = 1
DHCP4.OPTION[2]: requested_rfc3442_classless_static_routes = 1
DHCP4.OPTION[3]: subnet_mask = 255.255.255.0
DHCP4.OPTION[4]: requested_subnet_mask = 1
DHCP4.OPTION[5]: domain_name_servers = 192.168.122.1
DHCP4.OPTION[6]: ip_address = 192.168.122.4
DHCP4.OPTION[7]: requested_static_routes = 1
DHCP4.OPTION[8]: dhcp_server_identifier = 192.168.122.1
DHCP4.OPTION[9]: requested_nis_servers = 1
DHCP4.OPTION[10]: requested_time_offset = 1
DHCP4.OPTION[11]: broadcast_address = 192.168.122.255
DHCP4.OPTION[12]: requested_interface_mtu = 1
DHCP4.OPTION[13]: dhcp_rebinding_time = 3150
DHCP4.OPTION[14]: requested_domain_name_servers = 1
DHCP4.OPTION[15]: dhcp_message_type = 5
DHCP4.OPTION[16]: requested_broadcast_address = 1
DHCP4.OPTION[17]: routers = 192.168.122.1
DHCP4.OPTION[18]: dhcp_renewal_time = 1800
DHCP4.OPTION[19]: requested_domain_name = 1
DHCP4.OPTION[20]: requested_routers = 1
DHCP4.OPTION[21]: expiry = 1522658594
DHCP4.OPTION[22]: requested_wpad = 1
DHCP4.OPTION[23]: host_name = test2
DHCP4.OPTION[24]: requested_nis_domain = 1
DHCP4.OPTION[25]: requested_ms_classless_static_routes = 1
DHCP4.OPTION[26]: network_number = 192.168.122.0
DHCP4.OPTION[27]: requested_domain_search = 1
DHCP4.OPTION[28]: next_server = 192.168.122.1
DHCP4.OPTION[29]: requested_ntp_servers = 1
DHCP4.OPTION[30]: requested_host_name = 1
DHCP4.OPTION[31]: dhcp_lease_time = 3600
IP6.ADDRESS[1]: fe80::5054:ff:fee2:9ee/64
IP6.GATEWAY: --$ nmcli device status
DEVICE TYPE STATE CONNECTION
virbr0 bridge connected virbr0
eth0 ethernet connected eth0
lo loopback unmanaged --$ nmcli device show eth0
GENERAL.DEVICE: eth0
GENERAL.TYPE: ethernet
GENERAL.HWADDR: 52:54:00:E2:09:EE
GENERAL.MTU: 1500
GENERAL.STATE: 100 (connected)
GENERAL.CONNECTION: eth0
GENERAL.CON-PATH: /org/freedesktop/NetworkManager/ActiveConnection/1
WIRED-PROPERTIES.CARRIER: on
IP4.ADDRESS[1]: 192.168.122.4/24
IP4.GATEWAY: 192.168.122.1
IP4.DNS[1]: 192.168.122.1
IP6.ADDRESS[1]: fe80::5054:ff:fee2:9ee/64
IP6.GATEWAY: --$ sudo nmcli connection add con-name static-eth0 ifname eth0 type ethernet ip4 192.168.122.4/24 gw4 192.168.122.1
Connection 'static-eth0' (3d07c356-c704-4b32-8216-4b71ec8f6f82) successfully added.$ sudo nmcli connection modify static-eth0 ipv4.dns 192.168.122.1$ nmcli connection show
NAME UUID TYPE DEVICE
eth0 9e02ed35-21b1-4edc-bc51-9cde226e06c8 802-3-ethernet eth0
virbr0 c885851c-0751-4514-8a3f-df57bc8f0d90 bridge virbr0
static-eth0 3d07c356-c704-4b32-8216-4b71ec8f6f82 802-3-ethernet --$ nmcli connection show --active
NAME UUID TYPE DEVICE
eth0 9e02ed35-21b1-4edc-bc51-9cde226e06c8 802-3-ethernet eth0
virbr0 c885851c-0751-4514-8a3f-df57bc8f0d90 bridge virbr0$ sudo nmcli connection up static-eth0
Connection successfully activated (D-Bus active path: /org/freedesktop/NetworkManager/ActiveConnection/4)$ nmcli connection show --active
NAME UUID TYPE DEVICE
static-eth0 3d07c356-c704-4b32-8216-4b71ec8f6f82 802-3-ethernet eth0
virbr0 c885851c-0751-4514-8a3f-df57bc8f0d90 bridge virbr0$ ip addr show eth0
2: eth0: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast state UP qlen 1000
link/ether 52:54:00:e2:09:ee brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
inet 192.168.122.4/24 brd 192.168.122.255 scope global eth0
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
inet6 fe80::1b41:2de3:a668:3bd/64 scope link
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever$ ip route
default via 192.168.122.1 dev eth0 proto static metric 100
192.168.122.0/24 dev eth0 proto kernel scope link src 192.168.122.4 metric 100
192.168.124.0/24 dev virbr0 proto kernel scope link src 192.168.124.1$ ping -c3 192.168.122.1
PING 192.168.122.1 (192.168.122.1) 56(84) bytes of data.
64 bytes from 192.168.122.1: icmp_seq=1 ttl=64 time=0.110 ms
64 bytes from 192.168.122.1: icmp_seq=2 ttl=64 time=0.197 ms
64 bytes from 192.168.122.1: icmp_seq=3 ttl=64 time=0.073 ms
--- 192.168.122.1 ping statistics ---
3 packets transmitted, 3 received, 0% packet loss, time 1999ms
rtt min/avg/max/mdev = 0.073/0.126/0.197/0.053 ms$ sudo nmcli connection modify eth0 connection.autoconnect no| Note | 重起服务器，查看网络连接和设备的信息，确认配置成功。 |
编辑 ifcfg 配置网络
在 server 1 上配置一个 IP 地址 10.0.1.1# echo "IPADDR1=10.0.1.1" >> /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eth0
# echo "PREFIX1=24" >> /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eth0
# nmcli con reload
# nmcli con up eth0# echo "IPADDR1=10.0.1.2" >> /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eth0
# echo "PREFIX1=24" >> /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eth0
# nmcli con reload
# nmcli con up eth0# ip addr
# ping 10.0.1.1 -c3
# ping 10.0.1.2 -c3配置 IPv4 网络
1 - 创建一个网络接口 eno1# setenforce to 'Permissive' if default enforce is 'Enforcing'
setenforce 0
# create namespace
ip netns add hidden
# Active ::1 inside namespace
ip netns exec hidden ip link set dev lo up
# Add bridge inside 'hidden' namespace and turn on
ip netns exec hidden brctl addbr hiddenbr0
ip netns exec hidden ip link set dev hiddenbr0 up
# Add virtual patch cables to bridge
ip link add eno1 type veth peer name eno1-port
ip link set eno1-port netns hidden up
ip netns exec hidden brctl addif hiddenbr0 eno1-port
# Attach virtual patch cable to bridge and assign its far side address
ip netns exec hidden ip link add inside0 type veth peer name inside0-port
ip netns exec hidden brctl addif hiddenbr0 inside0-port
ip netns exec hidden ip link set inside0-port up
ip netns exec hidden ip link set inside0 up
ip netns exec hidden ip addr add 192.168.0.254/24 dev inside0
ip netns exec hidden ip addr add fddb:fe2a:ab1e::c0a8:00fe/64 dev inside0
# setenforce to 'Enforcing'
setenforce 1# ip link
# nmcli con show# nmcli connection add con-name eno1 type ethernet ifname eno1
Connection 'eno1' (b5ce0f55-6e21-4529-8096-f5bbfcc11605) successfully added.
# nmcli connection show | grep eno1
eno1 b5ce0f55-6e21-4529-8096-f5bbfcc11605 802-3-ethernet --
# ip addr show eno1
6: eno1@if5: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST> mtu 1500 qdisc noop state DOWN qlen 1000
link/ether fe:70:83:fc:2e:d3 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff link-netnsid 0# nmcli connection show eno1 | grep ipv4
ipv4.method: auto
ipv4.dns: --
ipv4.dns-search: --
ipv4.dns-options: (default)
ipv4.dns-priority: 0
ipv4.addresses: --
ipv4.gateway: --
ipv4.routes: --
ipv4.route-metric: -1
ipv4.ignore-auto-routes: no
ipv4.ignore-auto-dns: no
ipv4.dhcp-client-id: --
ipv4.dhcp-timeout: 0
ipv4.dhcp-send-hostname: yes
ipv4.dhcp-hostname: --
ipv4.dhcp-fqdn: --
ipv4.never-default: no
ipv4.may-fail: yes
ipv4.dad-timeout: -1 (default)# nmcli connection modify eno1 ipv4.addresses '192.168.0.1/24'
# nmcli connection modify eno1 ipv4.method manual
# nmcli connection down eno1
# nmcli connection up eno1
# ip addr show eno1
6: eno1@if5: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc noqueue state UP qlen 1000
link/ether fe:70:83:fc:2e:d3 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff link-netnsid 0
inet 192.168.0.1/24 brd 192.168.0.255 scope global eno1
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
inet6 fe80::5f7:aec:3e99:2a20/64 scope link
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever# ping 192.168.0.1 -c2
PING 192.168.0.1 (192.168.0.1) 56(84) bytes of data.
64 bytes from 192.168.0.1: icmp_seq=1 ttl=64 time=0.026 ms
64 bytes from 192.168.0.1: icmp_seq=2 ttl=64 time=0.033 ms
--- 192.168.0.1 ping statistics ---
2 packets transmitted, 2 received, 0% packet loss, time 999ms
rtt min/avg/max/mdev = 0.026/0.029/0.033/0.006 ms
# ping 192.168.0.254 -c2
PING 192.168.0.254 (192.168.0.254) 56(84) bytes of data.
64 bytes from 192.168.0.254: icmp_seq=1 ttl=64 time=0.046 ms
64 bytes from 192.168.0.254: icmp_seq=2 ttl=64 time=0.037 ms
--- 192.168.0.254 ping statistics ---
2 packets transmitted, 2 received, 0% packet loss, time 999ms
rtt min/avg/max/mdev = 0.037/0.041/0.046/0.007 ms# ip route
default via 192.168.122.1 dev eth0 proto static metric 100
192.168.0.0/24 dev eno1 proto kernel scope link src 192.168.0.1 metric 100
192.168.122.0/24 dev eth0 proto kernel scope link src 192.168.122.214 metric 100
192.168.124.0/24 dev virbr0 proto kernel scope link src 192.168.124.1
# cat /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eno1
TYPE=Ethernet
PROXY_METHOD=none
BROWSER_ONLY=no
BOOTPROTO=none
DEFROUTE=yes
IPV4_FAILURE_FATAL=no
IPV6INIT=yes
IPV6_AUTOCONF=yes
IPV6_DEFROUTE=yes
IPV6_FAILURE_FATAL=no
IPV6_ADDR_GEN_MODE=stable-privacy
NAME=eno1
UUID=b5ce0f55-6e21-4529-8096-f5bbfcc11605
DEVICE=eno1
ONBOOT=yes
IPADDR=192.168.0.1
PREFIX=24# echo '192.168.0.254 otherhost' >> /etc/hosts
# ping otherhost -c3
PING otherhost (192.168.0.254) 56(84) bytes of data.
64 bytes from otherhost (192.168.0.254): icmp_seq=1 ttl=64 time=0.036 ms
64 bytes from otherhost (192.168.0.254): icmp_seq=2 ttl=64 time=0.041 ms
64 bytes from otherhost (192.168.0.254): icmp_seq=3 ttl=64 time=0.044 ms
--- otherhost ping statistics ---
3 packets transmitted, 3 received, 0% packet loss, time 1999ms
rtt min/avg/max/mdev = 0.036/0.040/0.044/0.006 ms配置 OpenShift master 和 node 节点为静态 IP 地址
配置 OpenShift master 和 两个 node 节点为静态 IP 地址，分别为 X.X.192.101, X.X.192.102, X.X.192.103，且外部能够 ping 通 master 和 node，master 和 node 之间也能互相 ping 通。
配置 master
备份原始配置文件# cd /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/
# cp ifcfg-eth0 ifcfg-eth0-bakBOOTPROTO=none
IPADDR0=10.66.192.101
PREFIX0=24
GATEWAY0=10.66.193.254
DEFROUTE=yes
DNS1=8.8.8.8
NAME="eth0"
DEVICE=eth0
ONBOOT=yes
UUID="c2f83f58-c273-46d9-a1cd-b29e434a2eea"# nmcli connection reload
# nmcli connection down eth0
# nmcli connection up eth0配置 node1
备份原始配置文件# cd /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/
# cp ifcfg-eth0 ifcfg-eth0-bakBOOTPROTO=none
IPADDR0=10.66.192.102
PREFIX0=24
GATEWAY0=10.66.193.254
DEFROUTE=yes
DNS1=8.8.8.8
NAME="eth0"
DEVICE=eth0
ONBOOT=yes
UUID="0d7a5ff6-2491-4262-84a2-c1f629e40370"# nmcli connection reload
# nmcli connection down eth0
# nmcli connection up eth0配置 node2
备份原始配置文件# cd /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/
# cp ifcfg-eth0 ifcfg-eth0-bakBOOTPROTO=none
IPADDR0=10.66.192.103
PREFIX0=24
GATEWAY0=10.66.193.254
DEFROUTE=yes
DNS1=8.8.8.8
NAME="eth0"
DEVICE=eth0
ONBOOT=yes
UUID="4d52c55b-01bc-40ae-9b9d-d5d903be2901"# nmcli connection reload
# nmcli connection down eth0
# nmcli connection up eth0测试配置
外部机器 ping master 和 node$ ping -c2 10.66.192.101
PING 10.66.192.101 (10.66.192.101) 56(84) bytes of data.
64 bytes from 10.66.192.101: icmp_seq=1 ttl=64 time=0.575 ms
64 bytes from 10.66.192.101: icmp_seq=2 ttl=64 time=0.679 ms
--- 10.66.192.101 ping statistics ---
2 packets transmitted, 2 received, 0% packet loss, time 1002ms
rtt min/avg/max/mdev = 0.575/0.627/0.679/0.052 ms
$ ping -c2 10.66.192.102
PING 10.66.192.102 (10.66.192.102) 56(84) bytes of data.
64 bytes from 10.66.192.102: icmp_seq=1 ttl=64 time=0.726 ms
64 bytes from 10.66.192.102: icmp_seq=2 ttl=64 time=0.708 ms
--- 10.66.192.102 ping statistics ---
2 packets transmitted, 2 received, 0% packet loss, time 1004ms
rtt min/avg/max/mdev = 0.708/0.717/0.726/0.009 ms
$ ping -c2 10.66.192.103
PING 10.66.192.103 (10.66.192.103) 56(84) bytes of data.
64 bytes from 10.66.192.103: icmp_seq=1 ttl=64 time=0.800 ms
64 bytes from 10.66.192.103: icmp_seq=2 ttl=64 time=0.639 ms
--- 10.66.192.103 ping statistics ---
2 packets transmitted, 2 received, 0% packet loss, time 1017ms
rtt min/avg/max/mdev = 0.639/0.719/0.800/0.084 ms# ping -c2 10.66.192.102
PING 10.66.192.102 (10.66.192.102) 56(84) bytes of data.
64 bytes from 10.66.192.102: icmp_seq=1 ttl=64 time=0.417 ms
64 bytes from 10.66.192.102: icmp_seq=2 ttl=64 time=0.223 ms
--- 10.66.192.102 ping statistics ---
2 packets transmitted, 2 received, 0% packet loss, time 1000ms
rtt min/avg/max/mdev = 0.223/0.320/0.417/0.097 ms
# ping -c2 10.66.192.103
PING 10.66.192.103 (10.66.192.103) 56(84) bytes of data.
64 bytes from 10.66.192.103: icmp_seq=1 ttl=64 time=0.224 ms
64 bytes from 10.66.192.103: icmp_seq=2 ttl=64 time=0.353 ms
--- 10.66.192.103 ping statistics ---
2 packets transmitted, 2 received, 0% packet loss, time 999ms
rtt min/avg/max/mdev = 0.224/0.288/0.353/0.066 ms配置 OpenShift master 和 node 节点 hostname
配置 OpenShift master 和 两个 node 节点 hostname 分别为 master.example.com, node1.example.com, node2.example.com，并在 /etc/hosts 中添加映射。
配置 master
hostnamectl set-hostname master.example.com编辑 /etc/hosts， 添加
10.66.192.101 master.example.com
配置 node1
hostnamectl set-hostname node1.example.com编辑 /etc/hosts， 添加
10.66.192.102 node1.example.com
配置 node2
hostnamectl set-hostname node2.example.com编辑 /etc/hosts， 添加
10.66.192.103 node2.example.com
测试配置
master ping 域名# ping -c3 master.example.com
PING master.example.com (10.66.192.101) 56(84) bytes of data.
64 bytes from master.example.com (10.66.192.101): icmp_seq=1 ttl=64 time=0.049 ms
64 bytes from master.example.com (10.66.192.101): icmp_seq=2 ttl=64 time=0.043 ms
64 bytes from master.example.com (10.66.192.101): icmp_seq=3 ttl=64 time=0.046 ms
--- master.example.com ping statistics ---
3 packets transmitted, 3 received, 0% packet loss, time 1999ms
rtt min/avg/max/mdev = 0.043/0.046/0.049/0.002 ms# ping -c3 node1.example.com
PING node1.example.com (10.66.192.102) 56(84) bytes of data.
64 bytes from node1.example.com (10.66.192.102): icmp_seq=1 ttl=64 time=0.042 ms
64 bytes from node1.example.com (10.66.192.102): icmp_seq=2 ttl=64 time=0.052 ms
64 bytes from node1.example.com (10.66.192.102): icmp_seq=3 ttl=64 time=0.050 ms
--- node1.example.com ping statistics ---
3 packets transmitted, 3 received, 0% packet loss, time 1999ms
rtt min/avg/max/mdev = 0.042/0.048/0.052/0.004 ms# ping -c3 node2.example.com
PING node2.example.com (10.66.192.103) 56(84) bytes of data.
64 bytes from node2.example.com (10.66.192.103): icmp_seq=1 ttl=64 time=0.055 ms
64 bytes from node2.example.com (10.66.192.103): icmp_seq=2 ttl=64 time=0.055 ms
64 bytes from node2.example.com (10.66.192.103): icmp_seq=3 ttl=64 time=0.056 ms
--- node2.example.com ping statistics ---
3 packets transmitted, 3 received, 0% packet loss, time 1999ms
rtt min/avg/max/mdev = 0.055/0.055/0.056/0.006 ms