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2023-12-01

mongod & mongo

mongod 命令用来启动一个 MongoDB Server 后台进程，mongo 是一个 Shell 入口用来连接 MongoDB Server 执行一些数据库管理操作。

基本操作

本部分说明 mongod 和 mongo 命令的一些基本使用操作。

1. 启动 MongoDB Server
$ mongod
2019-03-13T14:03:02.496+0000 I CONTROL  [initandlisten] MongoDB starting : pid=2530 port=27017 dbpath=/data/db 64-bit host=m103
2019-03-13T14:03:02.497+0000 I CONTROL  [initandlisten] db version v3.6.11
2019-03-13T14:03:02.497+0000 I CONTROL  [initandlisten] git version: b4339db12bf57ffee5b84a95c6919dbd35fe31c9

...

2019-03-13T14:03:03.493+0000 I FTDC     [initandlisten] Initializing full-time diagnostic data capture with directory '/data/db/diagnostic.data'
2019-03-13T14:03:03.493+0000 I NETWORK  [initandlisten] waiting for connections on port 27017

如上输出可以显示：

  • MongoDB 启动成功

  • 进程 ID 为 2530

  • 监听的端口为 27017

  • dbpath 为 /data/db

  • MongoDB 的版本为 v3.6.11

2. 查看 mongod 监听的端口
$ netstat -ntulop 2350
(Not all processes could be identified, non-owned process info
 will not be shown, you would have to be root to see it all.)
Active Internet connections (only servers)
Proto Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address           Foreign Address         State       PID/Program name Timer
tcp        0      0 0.0.0.0:111             0.0.0.0:*               LISTEN      -                off (0.00/0/0)
tcp        0      0 0.0.0.0:22              0.0.0.0:*               LISTEN      -                off (0.00/0/0)
tcp        0      0 0.0.0.0:43671           0.0.0.0:*               LISTEN      -                off (0.00/0/0)
tcp        0      0 127.0.0.1:27017         0.0.0.0:*               LISTEN      2530/mongod      off (0.00/0/0)
tcp6       0      0 :::111                  :::*                    LISTEN      -                off (0.00/0/0)
tcp6       0      0 :::22                   :::*                    LISTEN      -                off (0.00/0/0)
tcp6       0      0 :::45403                :::*                    LISTEN      -                off (0.00/0/0)
udp        0      0 0.0.0.0:111             0.0.0.0:*                           -                off (0.00/0/0)
udp        0      0 0.0.0.0:51421           0.0.0.0:*                           -                off (0.00/0/0)
udp        0      0 0.0.0.0:7926            0.0.0.0:*                           -                off (0.00/0/0)
udp        0      0 0.0.0.0:775             0.0.0.0:*                           -                off (0.00/0/0)
udp        0      0 127.0.0.1:904           0.0.0.0:*                           -                off (0.00/0/0)
udp        0      0 0.0.0.0:68              0.0.0.0:*                           -                off (0.00/0/0)
udp6       0      0 :::111                  :::*                                -                off (0.00/0/0)
udp6       0      0 :::52488                :::*                                -                off (0.00/0/0)
udp6       0      0 :::14840                :::*                                -                off (0.00/0/0)
udp6       0      0 :::775                  :::*                                -                off (0.00/0/0)
3. mongo 命令客户端连接
$ mongo
MongoDB shell version v3.6.11
connecting to: mongodb://127.0.0.1:27017/?gssapiServiceName=mongodb
Implicit session: session { "id" : UUID("26452ac6-5ba0-4a35-826f-2c5fcf491742") }
MongoDB server version: 3.6.11
MongoDB Enterprise >
4. 查看 mongod Console 接收到连接信息
2019-03-13T14:09:12.012+0000 I NETWORK  [listener] connection accepted from 127.0.0.1:46344 #1 (1 connection now open)
2019-03-13T14:09:12.012+0000 I NETWORK  [conn1] received client metadata from 127.0.0.1:46344 conn1: { application: { name: "MongoDB Shell" }, driver: { name: "MongoDB Internal Client", version: "3.6.11" }, os: { type: "Linux", name: "Ubuntu", architecture: "x86_64", version: "14.04" } }
5. MongoDB shell 查看所有的数据库列表
MongoDB Enterprise > show dbs
admin   0.000GB
config  0.000GB
local   0.000GB
6. MongoDB shell 在 admin 库下执行停止 MongoDB 命令
MongoDB Enterprise > use admin
switched to db admin
MongoDB Enterprise > db.shutdownServer()
server should be down...
7. 查看 mongod Console 中数据库停止的消息
2019-03-13T14:13:25.764+0000 I COMMAND  [conn1] terminating, shutdown command received
2019-03-13T14:13:25.764+0000 I NETWORK  [conn1] shutdown: going to close listening sockets...
2019-03-13T14:13:25.764+0000 I NETWORK  [conn1] removing socket file: /tmp/mongodb-27017.sock
2019-03-13T14:13:25.765+0000 I FTDC     [conn1] Shutting down full-time diagnostic data capture
2019-03-13T14:13:25.766+0000 I STORAGE  [conn1] WiredTigerKVEngine shutting down
2019-03-13T14:13:25.912+0000 I STORAGE  [conn1] shutdown: removing fs lock...
2019-03-13T14:13:25.912+0000 I CONTROL  [conn1] now exiting
2019-03-13T14:13:25.913+0000 I CONTROL  [conn1] shutting down with code:0
8. 退出 MongoDB shell
MongoDB Enterprise > exit
bye

mongod 启动指定参数

本部分说明 mongod 启动 MongoDB 数据库时指定相应参数。

1. 查看 mongod 帮助
$ mongod -h

...

  --port arg                            specify port number - 27017 by default
  --dbpath arg                          directory for datafiles - defaults to
                                        /data/db
  --logpath arg                         log file to send write to instead of
                                        stdout - has to be a file, not
                                        directory
  --fork                                fork server process
2. 创建一个本地目录
$ mkdir first_mongod
3. 启动 MongoDB 并指定参数
$ mongod --port 30000 --dbpath first_mongod/ --logpath first_mongod/mongod01.log --fork
about to fork child process, waiting until server is ready for connections.
forked process: 2750
child process started successfully, parent exiting
4. 查看运行进程
$ ps -aux | grep mongo*
vagrant   2750  0.8  2.5 1105028 53100 ?       Sl   14:25   0:00 mongod --port 30000 --dbpath first_mongod/ --logpath first_mongod/mongod01.log --fork
5. 查看监听的端口
$ netstat -ntulop | grep 2750
tcp        0      0 127.0.0.1:30000         0.0.0.0:*               LISTEN      2750/mongod      off (0.00/0/0)
6. mongo 命令客户端连接
$ mongo --port 30000
MongoDB shell version v3.6.11
connecting to: mongodb://127.0.0.1:30000/?gssapiServiceName=mongodb
Implicit session: session { "id" : UUID("db4aa0de-5309-401a-bd64-1f60466a5acf") }
MongoDB server version: 3.6.11
7. Mongo Shell 命令行执行停止 MongoDB
MongoDB Enterprise > use admin
switched to db admin
MongoDB Enterprise > db.shutdownServer()
server should be down...
8. 退出 MongoDB shell
MongoDB Enterprise > exit
bye

绑定多个地址，创建用户

本部分说明 mongod 启动 MongoDB 数据库时邦定多个 IP，并通过 mongo 命令创建一个管理账户。

1. 启动 MongoDB
$ mongod --port 27000 --dbpath /data/db/ --bind_ip '192.168.103.100,localhost'
2. 查看运行的进程
$ ps -ef | grep mongod
vagrant   2547  1959  7 23:35 pts/0    00:00:00 mongod --port 27000 --dbpath /data/db/ --bind_ip 192.168.103.100,localhost
3. 查看监听的端口
$ netstat -antulop | grep 2547
tcp        0      0 127.0.0.1:27000         0.0.0.0:*               LISTEN      2547/mongod      off (0.00/0/0)
tcp        0      0 192.168.103.100:27000   0.0.0.0:*               LISTEN      2547/mongod      off (0.00/0/0)
4. 创建管理用户
$ mongo admin --host localhost:27000 --eval '
  db.createUser({
    user: "kylin",
    pwd: "mongodb",
    roles: [
      {role: "root", db: "admin"}
    ]
  })
'
5. 使用新创建的用户连接数据库
$ mongo kylin --host localhost:27000
MongoDB shell version v3.6.11
connecting to: mongodb://localhost:27000/kylin?gssapiServiceName=mongodb
Implicit session: session { "id" : UUID("3b10edf4-5d3a-4831-a505-787298cdae34") }
MongoDB server version: 3.6.11
6. Mongo Shell 命令行执行停止 MongoDB
MongoDB Enterprise > use admin
switched to db admin
MongoDB Enterprise > db.shutdownServer()
server should be down...
7. 退出 MongoDB shell
MongoDB Enterprise > exit
bye

通过配制文件启动 MongoDB

本部通过一个配制文件指定 mongod 启动时所需要的参数。

1. 创建 my-mongod.conf，内容如下
storage:
  dbPath: /data/db/

net:
  port: 27000
  bindIp: localhost,192.168.103.100

security:
  authorization: enabled
2. 启动 MongoDB
$ mongod --config my-mongod.conf
3. 查看运行的进程
$ ps -ef | grep mongod
vagrant   2699  1959  0 23:48 pts/0    00:00:01 mongod --config my-mongod.conf
4. 查看监听的端口
$ netstat -antulop | grep 2699
tcp        0      0 192.168.103.100:27000   0.0.0.0:*               LISTEN      2699/mongod      off (0.00/0/0)
tcp        0      0 127.0.0.1:27000         0.0.0.0:*               LISTEN      2699/mongod      off (0.00/0/0
5. Kill 停止运行的 mongod
$ kill -9 2699

改变默认的数据存储路径

本部分说明在 mongod 启动时指定一个额外的路径。

1. 创建一个路径
$ sudo mkdir -p /var/mongodb/db/
2. 修改以上创建的路径为 vagrant 用户所有
$ sudo chown vagrant:vagrant /var/mongodb/db/

$ ls -l /var/mongodb/
total 4
drwxr-xr-x 2 vagrant vagrant 4096 Mar 14 00:10 db
3. 创建 my-mongod.conf，内容如下
storage:
  dbPath: /var/mongodb/db/

net:
  port: 27000
  bindIp: localhost,192.168.103.100

security:
  authorization: enabled
4. 启动 MongoDB
$ mongod --config my-mongod.conf
5. 查看运行的进程
$ ps -ef | grep mongod
vagrant   3257  1959  1 00:17 pts/0    00:00:00 mongod --config my-mongod.conf
6. 查看监听的端口
$ netstat -antulop | grep 3257
tcp        0      0 192.168.103.100:27000   0.0.0.0:*               LISTEN      3257/mongod      off (0.00/0/0)
tcp        0      0 127.0.0.1:27000         0.0.0.0:*               LISTEN      3257/mongod      off (0.00/0/0)
7. 查看数据库文件
$ ls -l /var/mongodb/db/
total 196
-rw------- 1 vagrant vagrant    45 Mar 14 00:17 WiredTiger
-rw------- 1 vagrant vagrant    21 Mar 14 00:17 WiredTiger.lock
-rw------- 1 vagrant vagrant  1103 Mar 14 00:19 WiredTiger.turtle
-rw------- 1 vagrant vagrant 57344 Mar 14 00:19 WiredTiger.wt
-rw------- 1 vagrant vagrant  4096 Mar 14 00:17 WiredTigerLAS.wt
-rw------- 1 vagrant vagrant 16384 Mar 14 00:18 _mdb_catalog.wt
-rw------- 1 vagrant vagrant 16384 Mar 14 00:18 collection-0--7654468380997166951.wt
-rw------- 1 vagrant vagrant 16384 Mar 14 00:18 collection-2--7654468380997166951.wt
-rw------- 1 vagrant vagrant  4096 Mar 14 00:17 collection-4--7654468380997166951.wt
drwx------ 2 vagrant vagrant  4096 Mar 14 00:20 diagnostic.data
-rw------- 1 vagrant vagrant 16384 Mar 14 00:18 index-1--7654468380997166951.wt
-rw------- 1 vagrant vagrant 16384 Mar 14 00:18 index-3--7654468380997166951.wt
-rw------- 1 vagrant vagrant  4096 Mar 14 00:17 index-5--7654468380997166951.wt
-rw------- 1 vagrant vagrant  4096 Mar 14 00:18 index-6--7654468380997166951.wt
drwx------ 2 vagrant vagrant  4096 Mar 14 00:17 journal
-rw------- 1 vagrant vagrant     5 Mar 14 00:17 mongod.lock
-rw------- 1 vagrant vagrant 16384 Mar 14 00:19 sizeStorer.wt
-rw------- 1 vagrant vagrant   114 Mar 14 00:17 storage.bson
8. mongo 命令客户端连接
$ mongo admin --port 27000
MongoDB shell version v3.6.11
connecting to: mongodb://127.0.0.1:27000/admin?gssapiServiceName=mongodb
Implicit session: session { "id" : UUID("bf41ace1-63a6-4da1-af9f-c93882fdbcda") }
MongoDB server version: 3.6.11
MongoDB Enterprise >
9. Mongo Shell 命令行执行停止 MongoDB
MongoDB Enterprise > use admin
switched to db admin
MongoDB Enterprise > db.shutdownServer()
server should be down...
10. 退出 MongoDB shell
MongoDB Enterprise > exit
bye

设定日志策略

本部分设计日志策略，将查询时间大于 50 毫秒的操作日志输出。

1. 创建 my-mongod.conf，内容如下
storage:
  dbPath: /var/mongodb/db/

systemLog:
  destination: file
  logAppend: true
  path: /var/mongodb/db/mongod.log

net:
  port: 27000
  bindIp: localhost,192.168.103.100

processManagement:
  fork: true

operationProfiling:
  slowOpThresholdMs: 50

security:
  authorization: enabled
2. 启动 MongoDB
$ mongod --config my-mongod.conf
3. 执行一次查询
//
4. 查看日志输出
//

执行计划分析

MongoDB 中如果要分析某些执行操作的性能，如执行时间等，就需要执行计划 Profiler，本部分说明 MongoDB 执行计划分析。

1. 创建一个新 DB
MongoDB Enterprise > use newDB
switched to db newDB
2. 查看计划执行级别
MongoDB Enterprise > db.getProfilingLevel()
0
3. 设定计划执行级别为 1，收集执行操作较长的操作(默认 100 毫秒)
MongoDB Enterprise > db.setProfilingLevel(1)
{ "was" : 0, "slowms" : 100, "sampleRate" : 1, "ok" : 1 }
4. 查看生成执行计划保存的 collection
MongoDB Enterprise > show collections
system.profile
5. 调整较长执行时间阀值为 0，即收集所有操作(测试目的)
MongoDB Enterprise > db.setProfilingLevel(1, {slowms: 0})
{ "was" : 1, "slowms" : 100, "sampleRate" : 1, "ok" : 1 }
6. 执行一次插入数据操作
MongoDB Enterprise > db.new_connection.insert({"id": 1001, "name": "Kylin"})
WriteResult({ "nInserted" : 1 })
7. 查看执行计划
MongoDB Enterprise > db.system.profile.find().pretty()
{
	"op" : "insert",
	"ns" : "newDB.new_connection",
	"command" : {
		"insert" : "new_connection",
		"ordered" : true,
		"lsid" : {
			"id" : UUID("a5f34116-7269-4372-ab7c-67a3254a1afe")
		},
		"$db" : "newDB"
	},
	"ninserted" : 1,
	"keysInserted" : 1,
	"numYield" : 0,
	"locks" : {
		"Global" : {
			"acquireCount" : {
				"r" : NumberLong(5),
				"w" : NumberLong(3)
			}
		},
		"Database" : {
			"acquireCount" : {
				"r" : NumberLong(1),
				"w" : NumberLong(2),
				"W" : NumberLong(1)
			}
		},
		"Collection" : {
			"acquireCount" : {
				"r" : NumberLong(1),
				"w" : NumberLong(2)
			}
		}
	},
	"responseLength" : 29,
	"protocol" : "op_msg",
	"millis" : 60,
	"ts" : ISODate("2019-03-14T09:37:47.393Z"),
	"client" : "127.0.0.1",
	"appName" : "MongoDB Shell",
	"allUsers" : [ ],
	"user" : ""
}
8. 执行一次读取操作
MongoDB Enterprise > db.new_connection.find({"id": 1001})
{ "_id" : ObjectId("5c8a20eb29d0caf9229a8d82"), "id" : 1001, "name" : "Kylin" }
9. 再次查看执行计划
MongoDB Enterprise > db.system.profile.find().pretty()

...

{
	"op" : "query",
	"ns" : "newDB.new_connection",
	"command" : {
		"find" : "new_connection",
		"filter" : {
			"id" : 1001
		},
		"lsid" : {
			"id" : UUID("a5f34116-7269-4372-ab7c-67a3254a1afe")
		},
		"$db" : "newDB"
	},
	"keysExamined" : 0,
	"docsExamined" : 1,
	"cursorExhausted" : true,
	"numYield" : 0,
	"locks" : {
		"Global" : {
			"acquireCount" : {
				"r" : NumberLong(2)
			}
		},
		"Database" : {
			"acquireCount" : {
				"r" : NumberLong(1)
			}
		},
		"Collection" : {
			"acquireCount" : {
				"r" : NumberLong(1)
			}
		}
	},
	"nreturned" : 1,
	"responseLength" : 146,
	"protocol" : "op_msg",
	"millis" : 0,
	"planSummary" : "COLLSCAN",
	"execStats" : {
		"stage" : "COLLSCAN",
		"filter" : {
			"id" : {
				"$eq" : 1001
			}
		},
		"nReturned" : 1,
		"executionTimeMillisEstimate" : 0,
		"works" : 3,
		"advanced" : 1,
		"needTime" : 1,
		"needYield" : 0,
		"saveState" : 0,
		"restoreState" : 0,
		"isEOF" : 1,
		"invalidates" : 0,
		"direction" : "forward",
		"docsExamined" : 1
	},
	"ts" : ISODate("2019-03-14T09:43:54.961Z"),
...

创建管理用户

1. 启动 MongoDB
$ mongod -f /etc/mongod.conf
2. 查看运行的进程
$ ps -ef | grep mongod
vagrant   5191  1956  5 14:52 pts/0    00:00:00 mongod -f /etc/mongod.conf
3. 查看监听的端口
$ netstat -antulop | grep 5191
tcp        0      0 127.0.0.1:27017         0.0.0.0:*               LISTEN      5191/mongod      off (0.00/0/0
4. mongo 命令客户端连接
$ mongo --host 127.0.0.1:27017
MongoDB shell version v3.6.11
connecting to: mongodb://127.0.0.1:27017/?gssapiServiceName=mongodb
Implicit session: session { "id" : UUID("d34d9ea7-369a-4466-865a-833556a63a3f") }
MongoDB server version: 3.6.11
5. 创建一个 root 用户，具有 root 权限
MongoDB Enterprise > use admin
switched to db admin
MongoDB Enterprise > db.createUser({user: "root", pwd: "root123", roles: ["root"]})
Successfully added user: { "user" : "root", "roles" : [ "root" ] }
6. 退出 Mongo Shell 终端，以新创建的用户登录
$ mongo --username root --password root123 --authenticationDatabase admin
MongoDB shell version v3.6.11
connecting to: mongodb://127.0.0.1:27017/?authSource=admin&gssapiServiceName=mongodb
Implicit session: session { "id" : UUID("eb8549e7-025c-4d89-94ec-e42096526967") }
MongoDB server version: 3.6.11
7. 查看 DB 状态
MongoDB Enterprise > db.stats()
{
	"db" : "test",
	"collections" : 0,
	"views" : 0,
	"objects" : 0,
	"avgObjSize" : 0,
	"dataSize" : 0,
	"storageSize" : 0,
	"numExtents" : 0,
	"indexes" : 0,
	"indexSize" : 0,
	"fileSize" : 0,
	"fsUsedSize" : 0,
	"fsTotalSize" : 0,
	"ok" : 1
}
8. 退出 MongoDB shell
MongoDB Enterprise > exit
bye

创建应用用户

1. 创建 test-mongod.conf，内容如下
storage:
  dbPath: /var/mongodb/db/

systemLog:
  destination: file
  logAppend: true
  path: /var/mongodb/db/mongod.log

net:
  port: 27000
  bindIp: localhost,192.168.103.100

processManagement:
  fork: true

security:
  authorization: enabled
2. 启动 MongoDB
$ mongod -f test-mongod.conf
forked process: 5405
3. 查看监听的端口
$ netstat -antulop | grep 5405
tcp        0      0 192.168.103.100:27000   0.0.0.0:*               LISTEN      5405/mongod      off (0.00/0/0)
tcp        0      0 127.0.0.1:27000         0.0.0.0:*               LISTEN      5405/mongod      off (0.00/0/0)
4. mongo 命令客户端连接
$ mongo --host 127.0.0.1:27000
MongoDB shell version v3.6.11
connecting to: mongodb://127.0.0.1:27000/?gssapiServiceName=mongodb
Implicit session: session { "id" : UUID("dd7a993a-9b0d-4ad5-a802-b92d7127a1d0") }
MongoDB server version: 3.6.11
5. 在 admin 数据库中创建 root 用户
MongoDB Enterprise > use admin
switched to db admin
MongoDB Enterprise > db.createUser({user: "m103-admin", pwd: "m103-pass", roles: ["root"]})
Successfully added user: { "user" : "m103-admin", "roles" : [ "root" ] }
MongoDB Enterprise > exit
bye
6. 以新创建的用户登录
$ mongo admin --host 127.0.0.1:27000 -u m103-admin -p m103-pass
MongoDB shell version v3.6.11
connecting to: mongodb://127.0.0.1:27000/admin?gssapiServiceName=mongodb
Implicit session: session { "id" : UUID("e903a74b-fb15-4f3d-a295-8af6d72f7af2") }
MongoDB server version: 3.6.11
7. 创建一个应用用户可以对 applicationData 数据库进行读写操作
MongoDB Enterprise > use admin
switched to db admin

MongoDB Enterprise > db.createUser({user: "m103-application-user", pwd: "m103-application-pass", roles: [{db: "applicationData", role: "readWrite"}]})
Successfully added user: {
	"user" : "m103-application-user",
	"roles" : [
		{
			"db" : "applicationData",
			"role" : "readWrite"
		}
	]
}

MongoDB Enterprise > show users
{
	"_id" : "admin.m103-admin",
	"user" : "m103-admin",
	"db" : "admin",
	"roles" : [
		{
			"role" : "root",
			"db" : "admin"
		}
	]
}
{
	"_id" : "admin.m103-application-user",
	"user" : "m103-application-user",
	"db" : "admin",
	"roles" : [
		{
			"role" : "readWrite",
			"db" : "applicationData"
		}
	]
}
8. 使用应用帐号连接 Mongo Shell
$ mongo applicationData --host 127.0.0.1:27000 -u m103-application-user -p m103-application-pass --authenticationDatabase admin
MongoDB shell version v3.6.11
connecting to: mongodb://127.0.0.1:27000/applicationData?authSource=admin&gssapiServiceName=mongodb
Implicit session: session { "id" : UUID("2731cd1d-0137-4c29-a771-6d6657387465") }
MongoDB server version: 3.6.11
9. 执行写操作
MongoDB Enterprise > db.inventory.insertMany([{ item: "journal", qty: 25, status: "A", size: { h: 14, w: 21, uom: "cm" }, tags: [ "blank", "red" ] }, { item: "notebook", qty: 50, status: "A", size: { h: 8.5, w: 11, uom: "in" }, tags: [ "red", "blank" ] }]);
{
	"acknowledged" : true,
	"insertedIds" : [
		ObjectId("5c8d2518d2fe64d546a47c9e"),
		ObjectId("5c8d2518d2fe64d546a47c9f")
	]
}
10. 执行读操作
MongoDB Enterprise > db.inventory.find({})
{ "_id" : ObjectId("5c8d2518d2fe64d546a47c9e"), "item" : "journal", "qty" : 25, "status" : "A", "size" : { "h" : 14, "w" : 21, "uom" : "cm" }, "tags" : [ "blank", "red" ] }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("5c8d2518d2fe64d546a47c9f"), "item" : "notebook", "qty" : 50, "status" : "A", "size" : { "h" : 8.5, "w" : 11, "uom" : "in" }, "tags" : [ "red", "blank" ] }
11. 退出 Mongo Shell
MongoDB Enterprise > exit
bye

批量导入数据

本部分使用 创建应用用户 批量导入数据。

1. 查看要导入的数据
$ ls -l products.json
-rw-rw-r-- 1 vagrant vagrant 92216793 Mar 15 05:34 products.json
2. mongoimport 批量导入
$ mongoimport --db applicationData --port 27000 --username m103-application-user --password m103-application-pass --authenticationDatabase admin --file products.json
2019-03-16T16:19:11.249+0000	no collection specified
2019-03-16T16:19:11.249+0000	using filename 'products' as collection
2019-03-16T16:19:11.262+0000	connected to: localhost:27000
2019-03-16T16:19:14.252+0000	[#####...................] applicationData.products	20.4MB/87.9MB (23.2%)
2019-03-16T16:19:17.252+0000	[###########.............] applicationData.products	40.6MB/87.9MB (46.2%)
2019-03-16T16:19:20.255+0000	[################........] applicationData.products	59.9MB/87.9MB (68.1%)
2019-03-16T16:19:23.251+0000	[#####################...] applicationData.products	79.8MB/87.9MB (90.8%)
2019-03-16T16:19:24.451+0000	[########################] applicationData.products	87.9MB/87.9MB (100.0%)
2019-03-16T16:19:24.451+0000	imported 516784 documents
3. 在 Mongo Shell 中查看文档总数目
MongoDB Enterprise > db.products.count()
516784

复制(Replication)管理

3 节点集群复制配制

1. 创建一个 keyfile，确保节点之间通信安全
$ sudo mkdir -p /var/mongodb/pki
$ sudo chown vagrant:vagrant -R /var/mongodb
$ openssl rand -base64 741 > /var/mongodb/pki/m103-keyfile
$ chmod 600 /var/mongodb/pki/m103-keyfile

2. 创建三个节点配制文件，内容如下

mongod-repl-1.confmongod-repl-2.conf
storage:
  dbPath: /var/mongodb/db/1
net:
  bindIp: 192.168.103.100,localhost
  port: 27001
security:
  authorization: enabled
  keyFile: /var/mongodb/pki/m103-keyfile
systemLog:
  destination: file
  path: /var/mongodb/db/mongod1.log
  logAppend: true
processManagement:
  fork: true
replication:
  replSetName: m103-repl
storage:
  dbPath: /var/mongodb/db/2
net:
  bindIp: 192.168.103.100,localhost
  port: 27002
security:
  authorization: enabled
  keyFile: /var/mongodb/pki/m103-keyfile
systemLog:
  destination: file
  path: /var/mongodb/db/mongod2.log
  logAppend: true
processManagement:
  fork: true
replication:
  replSetName: m103-repl
mongod-repl-3.conf
storage:
  dbPath: /var/mongodb/db/3
net:
  bindIp: 192.168.103.100,localhost
  port: 27003
security:
  authorization: enabled
  keyFile: /var/mongodb/pki/m103-keyfile
systemLog:
  destination: file
  path: /var/mongodb/db/mongod3.log
  logAppend: true
processManagement:
  fork: true
replication:
  replSetName: m103-repl
3. 创建日志存储路径
$ mkdir -p /var/mongodb/db/{1,2,3}
4. 启动三个节点
$ mongod -f mongod-repl-1.conf
$ mongod -f mongod-repl-2.conf
$ mongod -f mongod-repl-3.conf
5. 查看运行进程
$ ps -ef | grep mongod
vagrant   2155     1  0 07:29 ?        00:00:00 mongod -f mongod-repl-1.conf
vagrant   2194     1  0 07:30 ?        00:00:00 mongod -f mongod-repl-2.conf
vagrant   2232     1  0 07:31 ?        00:00:00 mongod -f mongod-repl-3.conf
6. 查看三个进行监听的端口
$ for i in 2155 2194 2232 ; do netstat -antulop | grep $i; done
tcp        0      0 127.0.0.1:27001         0.0.0.0:*               LISTEN      2155/mongod      off (0.00/0/0)
tcp        0      0 192.168.103.100:27001   0.0.0.0:*               LISTEN      2155/mongod      off (0.00/0/0)
tcp        0      0 127.0.0.1:27002         0.0.0.0:*               LISTEN      2194/mongod      off (0.00/0/0)
tcp        0      0 192.168.103.100:27002   0.0.0.0:*               LISTEN      2194/mongod      off (0.00/0/0)
tcp        0      0 127.0.0.1:27003         0.0.0.0:*               LISTEN      2232/mongod      off (0.00/0/0)
tcp        0      0 192.168.103.100:27003   0.0.0.0:*               LISTEN      2232/mongod      off (0.00/0/0)
7. 连接到主节点，初始化集群
$ mongo --port 27001
MongoDB shell version v3.6.11
connecting to: mongodb://127.0.0.1:27001/?gssapiServiceName=mongodb
Implicit session: session { "id" : UUID("b5bd64d4-fec1-4002-b078-c4465e1fd966") }
MongoDB server version: 3.6.11

MongoDB Enterprise > rs.initiate()
{
	"info2" : "no configuration specified. Using a default configuration for the set",
	"me" : "192.168.103.100:27001",
	"ok" : 1
}
8. 查看集群状态
MongoDB Enterprise m103-repl:SECONDARY> rs.status()
{
	"set" : "m103-repl",
	"date" : ISODate("2019-03-18T07:40:20.648Z"),
	"myState" : 1,
	"term" : NumberLong(1),
	"syncingTo" : "",
	"syncSourceHost" : "",
	"syncSourceId" : -1,
	"heartbeatIntervalMillis" : NumberLong(2000),
	"optimes" : {
		"lastCommittedOpTime" : {
			"ts" : Timestamp(1552894818, 1),
			"t" : NumberLong(1)
		},
		"readConcernMajorityOpTime" : {
			"ts" : Timestamp(1552894818, 1),
			"t" : NumberLong(1)
		},
		"appliedOpTime" : {
			"ts" : Timestamp(1552894818, 1),
			"t" : NumberLong(1)
		},
		"durableOpTime" : {
			"ts" : Timestamp(1552894818, 1),
			"t" : NumberLong(1)
		}
	},
	"members" : [
		{
			"_id" : 0,
			"name" : "192.168.103.100:27001",
			"health" : 1,
			"state" : 1,
			"stateStr" : "PRIMARY",
			"uptime" : 640,
			"optime" : {
				"ts" : Timestamp(1552894818, 1),
				"t" : NumberLong(1)
			},
			"optimeDate" : ISODate("2019-03-18T07:40:18Z"),
			"syncingTo" : "",
			"syncSourceHost" : "",
			"syncSourceId" : -1,
			"infoMessage" : "could not find member to sync from",
			"electionTime" : Timestamp(1552894756, 2),
			"electionDate" : ISODate("2019-03-18T07:39:16Z"),
			"configVersion" : 1,
			"self" : true,
			"lastHeartbeatMessage" : ""
		}
	],
	"ok" : 1,
	"operationTime" : Timestamp(1552894818, 1),
	"$clusterTime" : {
		"clusterTime" : Timestamp(1552894818, 1),
		"signature" : {
			"hash" : BinData(0,"b2Owp1OlR6reFIFTnG9/4e02+Tw="),
			"keyId" : NumberLong("6669632199739834369")
		}
	}
}
9. 创建一个超级用户
MongoDB Enterprise m103-repl:PRIMARY> use admin
switched to db admin
MongoDB Enterprise m103-repl:PRIMARY> db.createUser({user: "m103-admin", pwd: "m103-pass", roles: [{role: "root", db: "admin"}]})
Successfully added user: {
	"user" : "m103-admin",
	"roles" : [
		{
			"role" : "root",
			"db" : "admin"
		}
	]
}
MongoDB Enterprise m103-repl:PRIMARY> exit
bye
10. 已超级用户登录
$ mongo --host "m103-repl/192.168.103.100:27001" -u "m103-admin" -p "m103-pass" --authenticationDatabase "admin"
MongoDB shell version v3.6.11
connecting to: mongodb://192.168.103.100:27001/?authSource=admin&gssapiServiceName=mongodb&replicaSet=m103-repl
2019-03-18T07:47:47.621+0000 I NETWORK  [thread1] Starting new replica set monitor for m103-repl/192.168.103.100:27001
2019-03-18T07:47:47.622+0000 I NETWORK  [thread1] Successfully connected to 192.168.103.100:27001 (1 connections now open to 192.168.103.100:27001 with a 5 second timeout)
Implicit session: session { "id" : UUID("b1ea59d3-b36f-4a84-bf96-3739d1a620e9") }
MongoDB server version: 3.6.11
11. 添加成员
MongoDB Enterprise m103-repl:PRIMARY> rs.add("192.168.103.100:27002")
{
	"ok" : 1,
	"operationTime" : Timestamp(1552895444, 1),
	"$clusterTime" : {
		"clusterTime" : Timestamp(1552895444, 1),
		"signature" : {
			"hash" : BinData(0,"/fYb24lG+07P1vFJbWlrave4/wg="),
			"keyId" : NumberLong("6669632199739834369")
		}
	}
}
MongoDB Enterprise m103-repl:PRIMARY> rs.add("192.168.103.100:27003")
{
	"ok" : 1,
	"operationTime" : Timestamp(1552895447, 1),
	"$clusterTime" : {
		"clusterTime" : Timestamp(1552895447, 1),
		"signature" : {
			"hash" : BinData(0,"3qY1jjhSv+hsOWXvMPDFrHFOeic="),
			"keyId" : NumberLong("6669632199739834369")
		}
	}
}
12. 查看集群状态
MongoDB Enterprise m103-repl:PRIMARY> rs.status()
{
	"set" : "m103-repl",
	"date" : ISODate("2019-03-18T07:52:04.922Z"),
	"myState" : 1,
	"term" : NumberLong(1),
	"syncingTo" : "",
	"syncSourceHost" : "",
	"syncSourceId" : -1,
	"heartbeatIntervalMillis" : NumberLong(2000),
	"optimes" : {
		"lastCommittedOpTime" : {
			"ts" : Timestamp(1552895518, 1),
			"t" : NumberLong(1)
		},
		"readConcernMajorityOpTime" : {
			"ts" : Timestamp(1552895518, 1),
			"t" : NumberLong(1)
		},
		"appliedOpTime" : {
			"ts" : Timestamp(1552895518, 1),
			"t" : NumberLong(1)
		},
		"durableOpTime" : {
			"ts" : Timestamp(1552895518, 1),
			"t" : NumberLong(1)
		}
	},
	"members" : [
		{
			"_id" : 0,
			"name" : "192.168.103.100:27001",
			"health" : 1,
			"state" : 1,
			"stateStr" : "PRIMARY",
			"uptime" : 1344,
			"optime" : {
				"ts" : Timestamp(1552895518, 1),
				"t" : NumberLong(1)
			},
			"optimeDate" : ISODate("2019-03-18T07:51:58Z"),
			"syncingTo" : "",
			"syncSourceHost" : "",
			"syncSourceId" : -1,
			"infoMessage" : "",
			"electionTime" : Timestamp(1552894756, 2),
			"electionDate" : ISODate("2019-03-18T07:39:16Z"),
			"configVersion" : 3,
			"self" : true,
			"lastHeartbeatMessage" : ""
		},
		{
			"_id" : 1,
			"name" : "192.168.103.100:27002",
			"health" : 1,
			"state" : 2,
			"stateStr" : "SECONDARY",
			"uptime" : 80,
			"optime" : {
				"ts" : Timestamp(1552895518, 1),
				"t" : NumberLong(1)
			},
			"optimeDurable" : {
				"ts" : Timestamp(1552895518, 1),
				"t" : NumberLong(1)
			},
			"optimeDate" : ISODate("2019-03-18T07:51:58Z"),
			"optimeDurableDate" : ISODate("2019-03-18T07:51:58Z"),
			"lastHeartbeat" : ISODate("2019-03-18T07:52:03.064Z"),
			"lastHeartbeatRecv" : ISODate("2019-03-18T07:52:03.607Z"),
			"pingMs" : NumberLong(0),
			"lastHeartbeatMessage" : "",
			"syncingTo" : "192.168.103.100:27001",
			"syncSourceHost" : "192.168.103.100:27001",
			"syncSourceId" : 0,
			"infoMessage" : "",
			"configVersion" : 3
		},
		{
			"_id" : 2,
			"name" : "192.168.103.100:27003",
			"health" : 1,
			"state" : 2,
			"stateStr" : "SECONDARY",
			"uptime" : 77,
			"optime" : {
				"ts" : Timestamp(1552895518, 1),
				"t" : NumberLong(1)
			},
			"optimeDurable" : {
				"ts" : Timestamp(1552895518, 1),
				"t" : NumberLong(1)
			},
			"optimeDate" : ISODate("2019-03-18T07:51:58Z"),
			"optimeDurableDate" : ISODate("2019-03-18T07:51:58Z"),
			"lastHeartbeat" : ISODate("2019-03-18T07:52:03.064Z"),
			"lastHeartbeatRecv" : ISODate("2019-03-18T07:52:03.012Z"),
			"pingMs" : NumberLong(0),
			"lastHeartbeatMessage" : "",
			"syncingTo" : "192.168.103.100:27002",
			"syncSourceHost" : "192.168.103.100:27002",
			"syncSourceId" : 1,
			"infoMessage" : "",
			"configVersion" : 3
		}
	],
	"ok" : 1,
	"operationTime" : Timestamp(1552895518, 1),
	"$clusterTime" : {
		"clusterTime" : Timestamp(1552895518, 1),
		"signature" : {
			"hash" : BinData(0,"0GmanYs4kEgfT36dh6aE7p5BSeI="),
			"keyId" : NumberLong("6669632199739834369")
		}
	}
}
13. 查看监听端口
$ for i in 2155 2194 2232 ; do netstat -antulop | grep $i; echo ;done
tcp        0      0 127.0.0.1:27001         0.0.0.0:*               LISTEN      2155/mongod      off (0.00/0/0)
tcp        0      0 192.168.103.100:27001   0.0.0.0:*               LISTEN      2155/mongod      off (0.00/0/0)
tcp        0      0 192.168.103.100:27001   192.168.103.100:50635   ESTABLISHED 2155/mongod      keepalive (103.02/0/0)
tcp        0      0 192.168.103.100:41951   192.168.103.100:27002   ESTABLISHED 2155/mongod      keepalive (103.02/0/0)
tcp        0      0 192.168.103.100:41195   192.168.103.100:27003   ESTABLISHED 2155/mongod      keepalive (106.09/0/0)
tcp        0      0 192.168.103.100:27001   192.168.103.100:50632   ESTABLISHED 2155/mongod      keepalive (183.92/0/0)
tcp        0      0 192.168.103.100:27001   192.168.103.100:50631   ESTABLISHED 2155/mongod      keepalive (225.90/0/0)
tcp        0      0 192.168.103.100:27001   192.168.103.100:50643   ESTABLISHED 2155/mongod      keepalive (106.09/0/0)
tcp        0      0 192.168.103.100:27001   192.168.103.100:50638   ESTABLISHED 2155/mongod      keepalive (103.02/0/0)
tcp        0      0 192.168.103.100:27001   192.168.103.100:50658   ESTABLISHED 2155/mongod      keepalive (123.50/0/0)
tcp        0      0 192.168.103.100:27001   192.168.103.100:50650   ESTABLISHED 2155/mongod      keepalive (106.09/0/0)
tcp        0      0 192.168.103.100:27001   192.168.103.100:50659   ESTABLISHED 2155/mongod      keepalive (123.50/0/0)

tcp        0      0 127.0.0.1:27002         0.0.0.0:*               LISTEN      2194/mongod      off (0.00/0/0)
tcp        0      0 192.168.103.100:27002   0.0.0.0:*               LISTEN      2194/mongod      off (0.00/0/0)
tcp        0      0 192.168.103.100:27002   192.168.103.100:41966   ESTABLISHED 2194/mongod      keepalive (106.09/0/0)
tcp        0      0 192.168.103.100:27002   192.168.103.100:41951   ESTABLISHED 2194/mongod      keepalive (103.02/0/0)
tcp        0      0 192.168.103.100:27002   192.168.103.100:41973   ESTABLISHED 2194/mongod      keepalive (123.50/0/0)
tcp        0      0 192.168.103.100:27002   192.168.103.100:41969   ESTABLISHED 2194/mongod      keepalive (106.09/0/0)
tcp        0      0 192.168.103.100:27002   192.168.103.100:41970   ESTABLISHED 2194/mongod      keepalive (106.09/0/0)
tcp        0      0 192.168.103.100:50638   192.168.103.100:27001   ESTABLISHED 2194/mongod      keepalive (103.02/0/0)
tcp        0      0 192.168.103.100:27002   192.168.103.100:41972   ESTABLISHED 2194/mongod      keepalive (117.35/0/0)
tcp        0      0 192.168.103.100:50635   192.168.103.100:27001   ESTABLISHED 2194/mongod      keepalive (103.02/0/0)
tcp        0      0 192.168.103.100:50650   192.168.103.100:27001   ESTABLISHED 2194/mongod      keepalive (106.09/0/0)
tcp        0      0 192.168.103.100:41201   192.168.103.100:27003   ESTABLISHED 2194/mongod      keepalive (106.09/0/0)

tcp        0      0 127.0.0.1:27003         0.0.0.0:*               LISTEN      2232/mongod      off (0.00/0/0)
tcp        0      0 192.168.103.100:27003   0.0.0.0:*               LISTEN      2232/mongod      off (0.00/0/0)
tcp        0      0 192.168.103.100:27003   192.168.103.100:41201   ESTABLISHED 2232/mongod      keepalive (106.08/0/0)
tcp        0      0 192.168.103.100:41210   192.168.103.100:27003   ESTABLISHED 2232/mongod      keepalive (123.49/0/0)
tcp        0      0 192.168.103.100:27003   192.168.103.100:41210   ESTABLISHED 2232/mongod      keepalive (123.49/0/0)
tcp        0      0 192.168.103.100:41966   192.168.103.100:27002   ESTABLISHED 2232/mongod      keepalive (106.08/0/0)
tcp        0      0 192.168.103.100:41973   192.168.103.100:27002   ESTABLISHED 2232/mongod      keepalive (123.49/0/0)
tcp        0      0 192.168.103.100:50658   192.168.103.100:27001   ESTABLISHED 2232/mongod      keepalive (123.49/0/0)
tcp        0      0 192.168.103.100:50643   192.168.103.100:27001   ESTABLISHED 2232/mongod      keepalive (106.08/0/0)
tcp        0      0 192.168.103.100:27003   192.168.103.100:41195   ESTABLISHED 2232/mongod      keepalive (106.08/0/0)
tcp        0      0 192.168.103.100:27003   192.168.103.100:41207   ESTABLISHED 2232/mongod      keepalive (106.08/0/0)
tcp        0      0 192.168.103.100:41972   192.168.103.100:27002   ESTABLISHED 2232/mongod      keepalive (117.34/0/0)
tcp        0      0 192.168.103.100:50659   192.168.103.100:27001   ESTABLISHED 2232/mongod      keepalive (123.49/0/0)
tcp        0      0 192.168.103.100:41969   192.168.103.100:27002   ESTABLISHED 2232/mongod      keepalive (106.08/0/0)

节点配置更新

本部分在上面 3 节点集群复制配制 基础上进行对其中一个节点的配置进行修改，修改 IP 地址。

1. 查看当前复制子集的元素
MongoDB Enterprise m103-repl:PRIMARY> var cfg = rs.conf()
MongoDB Enterprise m103-repl:PRIMARY> cfg.members
[
	{
		"_id" : 0,
		"host" : "192.168.103.100:27001",
		"arbiterOnly" : false,
		"buildIndexes" : true,
		"hidden" : false,
		"priority" : 1,
		"tags" : {

		},
		"slaveDelay" : NumberLong(0),
		"votes" : 1
	},
	{
		"_id" : 1,
		"host" : "192.168.103.100:27002",
		"arbiterOnly" : false,
		"buildIndexes" : true,
		"hidden" : false,
		"priority" : 1,
		"tags" : {

		},
		"slaveDelay" : NumberLong(0),
		"votes" : 1
	},
	{
		"_id" : 2,
		"host" : "192.168.103.100:27003",
		"arbiterOnly" : false,
		"buildIndexes" : true,
		"hidden" : false,
		"priority" : 1,
		"tags" : {

		},
		"slaveDelay" : NumberLong(0),
		"votes" : 1
	}
]
2. 修改节点 3 的 IP 地址为域名
MongoDB Enterprise m103-repl:PRIMARY> cfg.members[2].host = "m103:27003"
m103:27003

MongoDB Enterprise m103-repl:PRIMARY> rs.reconfig(cfg)
{
	"ok" : 1,
	"operationTime" : Timestamp(1554298617, 1),
	"$clusterTime" : {
		"clusterTime" : Timestamp(1554298617, 1),
		"signature" : {
			"hash" : BinData(0,"2aAhut/JLz1cCOJYOxPVEs05a1E="),
			"keyId" : NumberLong("6675593429663088642")
		}
	}
}

添加和删除节点

本部分在上面 3 节点集群复制配制 基础上进行添加和删除节点。

1. 创建两个配制文件内容如下

mongod-repl-4.confarbiter.conf
storage:
  dbPath: /var/mongodb/db/4
net:
  bindIp: 192.168.103.100,localhost
  port: 27004
security:
  authorization: enabled
  keyFile: /var/mongodb/pki/m103-keyfile
systemLog:
  destination: file
  path: /var/mongodb/db/mongod4.log
  logAppend: true
processManagement:
  fork: true
replication:
  replSetName: m103-repl
storage:
  dbPath: /var/mongodb/db/arbiter
net:
  bindIp: 192.168.103.100,localhost
  port: 28000
security:
  authorization: enabled
  keyFile: /var/mongodb/pki/m103-keyfile
systemLog:
  destination: file
  path: /var/mongodb/db/mongod-arbiter.log
  logAppend: true
processManagement:
  fork: true
replication:
  replSetName: m103-repl
2. 启动 mongod 进程
$ mongod -f mongod-repl-4.conf
$ mongod -f arbiter.conf
3. 添加新创建的节点到集群
MongoDB Enterprise m103-repl:PRIMARY> rs.add("192.168.103.100:27004")
{
	"ok" : 1,
	"operationTime" : Timestamp(1552900251, 1),
	"$clusterTime" : {
		"clusterTime" : Timestamp(1552900251, 1),
		"signature" : {
			"hash" : BinData(0,"tgvIK0IO8r7x2965MiC3GuBL4NM="),
			"keyId" : NumberLong("6669632199739834369")
		}
	}
}

MongoDB Enterprise m103-repl:PRIMARY> rs.addArb("192.168.103.100:28000")
{
	"ok" : 1,
	"operationTime" : Timestamp(1552900296, 1),
	"$clusterTime" : {
		"clusterTime" : Timestamp(1552900296, 1),
		"signature" : {
			"hash" : BinData(0,"3KERoIv/hxKNDo1Wh/UWvJC4c2U="),
			"keyId" : NumberLong("6669632199739834369")
		}
	}
}
4. 查看新添加的两个节点
MongoDB Enterprise m103-repl:PRIMARY> rs.isMaster()
{
	"hosts" : [
		"192.168.103.100:27001",
		"192.168.103.100:27002",
		"192.168.103.100:27003",
		"192.168.103.100:27004"
	],
	"arbiters" : [
		"192.168.103.100:28000"
	],
	"setName" : "m103-repl",
	"setVersion" : 9,
	"ismaster" : true,
	"secondary" : false,
	"primary" : "192.168.103.100:27001",
	"me" : "192.168.103.100:27001",
	"electionId" : ObjectId("7fffffff0000000000000001"),
	"lastWrite" : {
		"opTime" : {
			"ts" : Timestamp(1552900328, 1),
			"t" : NumberLong(1)
		},
		"lastWriteDate" : ISODate("2019-03-18T09:12:08Z"),
		"majorityOpTime" : {
			"ts" : Timestamp(1552900328, 1),
			"t" : NumberLong(1)
		},
		"majorityWriteDate" : ISODate("2019-03-18T09:12:08Z")
	},
	"maxBsonObjectSize" : 16777216,
	"maxMessageSizeBytes" : 48000000,
	"maxWriteBatchSize" : 100000,
	"localTime" : ISODate("2019-03-18T09:12:09.222Z"),
	"logicalSessionTimeoutMinutes" : 30,
	"minWireVersion" : 0,
	"maxWireVersion" : 6,
	"readOnly" : false,
	"ok" : 1,
	"operationTime" : Timestamp(1552900328, 1),
	"$clusterTime" : {
		"clusterTime" : Timestamp(1552900328, 1),
		"signature" : {
			"hash" : BinData(0,"NYyWWkgAKi1u8fPZEUQdEc8U3ps="),
			"keyId" : NumberLong("6669632199739834369")
		}
	}
}
5. 删除 arbiter 节点
MongoDB Enterprise m103-repl:PRIMARY> rs.remove("192.168.103.100:28000")
{
	"ok" : 1,
	"operationTime" : Timestamp(1552900423, 1),
	"$clusterTime" : {
		"clusterTime" : Timestamp(1552900423, 1),
		"signature" : {
			"hash" : BinData(0,"dA94M4Nv2EhsJdq5mC8PjZgC8tY="),
			"keyId" : NumberLong("6669632199739834369")
		}
	}
}
6. 隐藏一个节点
MongoDB Enterprise m103-repl:PRIMARY> var cfg = rs.conf()
MongoDB Enterprise m103-repl:PRIMARY> cfg.members[3].votes = 0
0
MongoDB Enterprise m103-repl:PRIMARY> cfg.members[3].hidden = true
true
MongoDB Enterprise m103-repl:PRIMARY> cfg.members[3].priority = 0
0

MongoDB Enterprise m103-repl:PRIMARY> rs.reconfig(cfg)
{
	"ok" : 1,
	"operationTime" : Timestamp(1552900605, 1),
	"$clusterTime" : {
		"clusterTime" : Timestamp(1552900605, 1),
		"signature" : {
			"hash" : BinData(0,"ibtCCQKaVLHIYaiQE/fNhGfYUFQ="),
			"keyId" : NumberLong("6669632199739834369")
		}
	}
}
7. 查看集群
MongoDB Enterprise m103-repl:PRIMARY> rs.isMaster()
{
	"hosts" : [
		"192.168.103.100:27001",
		"192.168.103.100:27002",
		"192.168.103.100:27003"
	],
	"setName" : "m103-repl",
	"setVersion" : 11,
	"ismaster" : true,
	"secondary" : false,
	"primary" : "192.168.103.100:27001",
	"me" : "192.168.103.100:27001",
	"electionId" : ObjectId("7fffffff0000000000000001"),
	"lastWrite" : {
		"opTime" : {
			"ts" : Timestamp(1552900698, 1),
			"t" : NumberLong(1)
		},
		"lastWriteDate" : ISODate("2019-03-18T09:18:18Z"),
		"majorityOpTime" : {
			"ts" : Timestamp(1552900698, 1),
			"t" : NumberLong(1)
		},
		"majorityWriteDate" : ISODate("2019-03-18T09:18:18Z")
	},
	"maxBsonObjectSize" : 16777216,
	"maxMessageSizeBytes" : 48000000,
	"maxWriteBatchSize" : 100000,
	"localTime" : ISODate("2019-03-18T09:18:28.633Z"),
	"logicalSessionTimeoutMinutes" : 30,
	"minWireVersion" : 0,
	"maxWireVersion" : 6,
	"readOnly" : false,
	"ok" : 1,
	"operationTime" : Timestamp(1552900698, 1),
	"$clusterTime" : {
		"clusterTime" : Timestamp(1552900698, 1),
		"signature" : {
			"hash" : BinData(0,"iJnZ5UHzZ3AwTy4b0zXYtLFzv4o="),
			"keyId" : NumberLong("6669632199739834369")
		}
	}
}

集群中读写操作

1. 连接到 PRIMARY 节点
$ mongo --host "m103-repl/192.168.103.100:27001" -u "m103-admin" -p "m103-pass" --authenticationDatabase "admin"
2. 查看复制集合的拓扑结构
MongoDB Enterprise m103-repl:PRIMARY> rs.isMaster()
{
	"hosts" : [
		"192.168.103.100:27001",
		"192.168.103.100:27002",
		"192.168.103.100:27003"
	],
	"setName" : "m103-repl",
	"setVersion" : 12,
	"ismaster" : true,
	"secondary" : false,
	"primary" : "192.168.103.100:27001",
	"me" : "192.168.103.100:27001",
	"electionId" : ObjectId("7fffffff0000000000000002"),
	"lastWrite" : {
		"opTime" : {
			"ts" : Timestamp(1552913488, 1),
			"t" : NumberLong(2)
		},
		"lastWriteDate" : ISODate("2019-03-18T12:51:28Z"),
		"majorityOpTime" : {
			"ts" : Timestamp(1552913488, 1),
			"t" : NumberLong(2)
		},
		"majorityWriteDate" : ISODate("2019-03-18T12:51:28Z")
	},
	"maxBsonObjectSize" : 16777216,
	"maxMessageSizeBytes" : 48000000,
	"maxWriteBatchSize" : 100000,
	"localTime" : ISODate("2019-03-18T12:51:36.762Z"),
	"logicalSessionTimeoutMinutes" : 30,
	"minWireVersion" : 0,
	"maxWireVersion" : 6,
	"readOnly" : false,
	"ok" : 1,
	"operationTime" : Timestamp(1552913488, 1),
	"$clusterTime" : {
		"clusterTime" : Timestamp(1552913488, 1),
		"signature" : {
			"hash" : BinData(0,"lW8h9HG2b0kXlEhRC5V7sPvU1vY="),
			"keyId" : NumberLong("6669632199739834369")
		}
	}
}
3. 创建一个数据库，并在数据库中创建一个集合，添加一条数据
MongoDB Enterprise m103-repl:PRIMARY> use replSetTestDB
switched to db replSetTestDB
MongoDB Enterprise m103-repl:PRIMARY> db.new_collection.insert( { "student": "Matt Javaly", "grade": "A+" } )
WriteResult({ "nInserted" : 1 })
4. 连接到 SECONDARY 节点
$ mongo --host "192.168.103.100:27002" -u "m103-admin" -p "m103-pass" --authenticationDatabase "admin"
5. 执行读操作
MongoDB Enterprise m103-repl:SECONDARY> show dbs
2019-03-18T12:55:21.314+0000 E QUERY    [thread1] Error: listDatabases failed:{
	"operationTime" : Timestamp(1552913718, 1),
	"ok" : 0,
	"errmsg" : "not master and slaveOk=false",
	"code" : 13435,
	"codeName" : "NotMasterNoSlaveOk",
	"$clusterTime" : {
		"clusterTime" : Timestamp(1552913718, 1),
		"signature" : {
			"hash" : BinData(0,"L55vr/U4ScHAh55r5DI7x0DK4K8="),
			"keyId" : NumberLong("6669632199739834369")
		}
	}
} :
_getErrorWithCode@src/mongo/shell/utils.js:25:13
Mongo.prototype.getDBs@src/mongo/shell/mongo.js:67:1
shellHelper.show@src/mongo/shell/utils.js:860:19
shellHelper@src/mongo/shell/utils.js:750:15
@(shellhelp2):1:1
6. 设定 slaveOk=true 后执行读操作
MongoDB Enterprise m103-repl:SECONDARY> rs.slaveOk()
MongoDB Enterprise m103-repl:SECONDARY> show dbs
admin          0.000GB
config         0.000GB
local          0.000GB
replSetTestDB  0.000GB

MongoDB Enterprise m103-repl:SECONDARY> use replSetTestDB
switched to db replSetTestDB
MongoDB Enterprise m103-repl:SECONDARY> db.new_collection.find()
{ "_id" : ObjectId("5c8f94e3501302bdac004143"), "student" : "Matt Javaly", "grade" : "A+" }
7. 在 SECONDARY 节点上执行写操作(执行失败，因为写操作只能在 PRIMARY 上执行)
MongoDB Enterprise m103-repl:SECONDARY> db.new_collection.insert( { "student": "Norberto Leite", "grade": "B+" } )
WriteResult({ "writeError" : { "code" : 10107, "errmsg" : "not master" } })
8. 停止运行 SECONDARY 节点
MongoDB Enterprise m103-repl:SECONDARY> use admin
switched to db admin
MongoDB Enterprise m103-repl:SECONDARY> db.shutdownServer()
9. 在 PRIMARY 节点上查看状态
MongoDB Enterprise m103-repl:PRIMARY> rs.status()

...

		{
			"_id" : 1,
			"name" : "192.168.103.100:27002",
			"health" : 0,
			"state" : 8,
			"stateStr" : "(not reachable/healthy)",
			"uptime" : 0,
			"optime" : {
				"ts" : Timestamp(0, 0),
				"t" : NumberLong(-1)
			},
			"optimeDurable" : {
				"ts" : Timestamp(0, 0),
				"t" : NumberLong(-1)
			},
			"optimeDate" : ISODate("1970-01-01T00:00:00Z"),
			"optimeDurableDate" : ISODate("1970-01-01T00:00:00Z"),
			"lastHeartbeat" : ISODate("2019-03-18T13:02:49.468Z"),
			"lastHeartbeatRecv" : ISODate("2019-03-18T13:01:17.390Z"),
			"pingMs" : NumberLong(0),
			"lastHeartbeatMessage" : "Connection refused",
			"syncingTo" : "",
			"syncSourceHost" : "",
			"syncSourceId" : -1,
			"infoMessage" : "",
			"configVersion" : -1
		},
...
10. 在 PRIMARY 节点上插入另一条数据
MongoDB Enterprise m103-repl:PRIMARY> db.new_collection.insert( { "student": "Kylin Soong", "grade": "A+" } )
MongoDB Enterprise m103-repl:PRIMARY> db.new_collection.find()
{ "_id" : ObjectId("5c8f94e3501302bdac004143"), "student" : "Matt Javaly", "grade" : "A+" }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("5c8f9797501302bdac004144"), "student" : "Kylin Soong", "grade" : "A+" }
11. 连接到另一个 SECONDARY 节点上执行读操作
$ mongo --host "192.168.103.100:27003" -u "m103-admin" -p "m103-pass" --authenticationDatabase "admin"

MongoDB Enterprise m103-repl:SECONDARY> rs.slaveOk()

MongoDB Enterprise m103-repl:SECONDARY> use replSetTestDB
switched to db replSetTestDB

MongoDB Enterprise m103-repl:SECONDARY> db.new_collection.find()
{ "_id" : ObjectId("5c8f94e3501302bdac004143"), "student" : "Matt Javaly", "grade" : "A+" }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("5c8f9797501302bdac004144"), "student" : "Kylin Soong", "grade" : "A+" }
12. 停止运行 SECONDARY 节点
MongoDB Enterprise m103-repl:SECONDARY> use admin
switched to db admin
MongoDB Enterprise m103-repl:SECONDARY> db.shutdownServer()
13. 连接到初始 PRIMARY 节点上查看状态
$ mongo --host "192.168.103.100:27001" -u "m103-admin" -p "m103-pass" --authenticationDatabase "admin"
MongoDB shell version v3.6.11
connecting to: mongodb://192.168.103.100:27001/?authSource=admin&gssapiServiceName=mongodb
Implicit session: session { "id" : UUID("647ca0a3-af10-4216-9480-ebc517f11432") }
MongoDB server version: 3.6.11
MongoDB Enterprise m103-repl:SECONDARY>
14. 查看初始 PRIMARY 节点变成 SECONDARY 节点
MongoDB Enterprise m103-repl:SECONDARY> rs.isMaster()
{
	"hosts" : [
		"192.168.103.100:27001",
		"192.168.103.100:27002",
		"192.168.103.100:27003"
	],
	"setName" : "m103-repl",
	"setVersion" : 12,
	"ismaster" : false,
	"secondary" : true,
	"me" : "192.168.103.100:27001",

故障转移及主节点选举

1. 连接到主节点
$ mongo --host "m103-repl/192.168.103.100:27001" -u "m103-admin" -p "m103-pass" --authenticationDatabase "admin"
2. 设定一个备节点的优先级为 0，重新配制集群子集
MongoDB Enterprise m103-repl:PRIMARY> var cfg = rs.conf()

MongoDB Enterprise m103-repl:PRIMARY> cfg.members[2].priority = 0
0

MongoDB Enterprise m103-repl:PRIMARY> rs.reconfig(cfg)
{
	"ok" : 1,
	"operationTime" : Timestamp(1552919705, 1),
	"$clusterTime" : {
		"clusterTime" : Timestamp(1552919705, 1),
		"signature" : {
			"hash" : BinData(0,"p81iAKaoMrp/Y7u7VlWImY63Hws="),
			"keyId" : NumberLong("6669632199739834369")
		}
	}
}
3. 查看集群子集拓扑
MongoDB Enterprise m103-repl:PRIMARY> rs.isMaster()
{
	"hosts" : [
		"192.168.103.100:27001",
		"192.168.103.100:27002"
	],
	"passives" : [
		"192.168.103.100:27003"
	],
	"setName" : "m103-repl",
	"setVersion" : 13,
	"ismaster" : true,
	"secondary" : false,
	"primary" : "192.168.103.100:27001",
	"me" : "192.168.103.100:27001",
	"electionId" : ObjectId("7fffffff0000000000000004"),
...
4. 强制执行一次主节点选举
MongoDB Enterprise m103-repl:PRIMARY> rs.stepDown()
5. 查看集群子集拓扑
MongoDB Enterprise m103-repl:PRIMARY> rs.isMaster()
{
	"hosts" : [
		"192.168.103.100:27001",
		"192.168.103.100:27002"
	],
	"passives" : [
		"192.168.103.100:27003"
	],
	"setName" : "m103-repl",
	"setVersion" : 13,
	"ismaster" : true,
	"secondary" : false,
	"primary" : "192.168.103.100:27002",
	"me" : "192.168.103.100:27002",
	"electionId" : ObjectId("7fffffff0000000000000005"),
...

writeConcern

MongoDB 复制子集中通过 writeConcern 来确认写操作的可靠性。本部分说明 writeConcern 确认

1. 连接到三节点集群中任意一节点，关闭该节点
$ mongo --host "192.168.103.100:27003" -u "m103-admin" -p "m103-pass" --authenticationDatabase "admin"
MongoDB shell version v3.6.11
connecting to: mongodb://192.168.103.100:27003/?authSource=admin&gssapiServiceName=mongodb
Implicit session: session { "id" : UUID("fe6813ac-8f15-4e5f-b615-a8cef3584a84") }
MongoDB server version: 3.6.11

MongoDB Enterprise m103-repl:SECONDARY> use admin
switched to db admin
MongoDB Enterprise m103-repl:SECONDARY> db.shutdownServer()
2. 查看复制子集状态
MongoDB Enterprise m103-repl:PRIMARY> rs.status()

...

		{
			"_id" : 2,
			"name" : "192.168.103.100:27003",
			"health" : 0,
			"state" : 8,
			"stateStr" : "(not reachable/healthy)",
			"uptime" : 0,
...
3. 执行写操作，并设定 writeConcern 为 3
MongoDB Enterprise m103-repl:PRIMARY> use testDatabase
switched to db testDatabase

MongoDB Enterprise m103-repl:PRIMARY> db.new_data.insert({"m103": "very fun"}, { writeConcern: { w: 3, wtimeout: 1000 }})
WriteResult({
	"nInserted" : 1,
	"writeConcernError" : {
		"code" : 64,
		"codeName" : "WriteConcernFailed",
		"errInfo" : {
			"wtimeout" : true
		},
		"errmsg" : "waiting for replication timed out"
	}
})

readConcern

1. 导入测试数据
$ mongoimport --drop --host m103-repl/192.168.103.100:27002,192.168.103.100:27001,192.168.103.100:27003 -u "m103-admin" -p "m103-pass" --authenticationDatabase "admin" --db applicationData --collection products /dataset/products.json
2019-03-18T15:24:31.240+0000	connected to: m103-repl/192.168.103.100:27002,192.168.103.100:27001,192.168.103.100:27003
2019-03-18T15:24:31.241+0000	dropping: applicationData.products
2019-03-18T15:24:34.225+0000	[#.......................] applicationData.products	5.08MB/87.9MB (5.8%)
2019-03-18T15:24:37.220+0000	[##......................] applicationData.products	10.3MB/87.9MB (11.7%)
2019-03-18T15:24:40.220+0000	[####....................] applicationData.products	15.5MB/87.9MB (17.6%)
2019-03-18T15:24:43.220+0000	[#####...................] applicationData.products	20.7MB/87.9MB (23.6%)
2019-03-18T15:24:46.221+0000	[######..................] applicationData.products	25.5MB/87.9MB (29.0%)
2019-03-18T15:24:49.220+0000	[########................] applicationData.products	30.6MB/87.9MB (34.8%)
2019-03-18T15:24:52.228+0000	[########................] applicationData.products	32.5MB/87.9MB (37.0%)
2019-03-18T15:24:55.220+0000	[#########...............] applicationData.products	34.2MB/87.9MB (38.9%)
2019-03-18T15:24:58.220+0000	[##########..............] applicationData.products	39.1MB/87.9MB (44.5%)
2019-03-18T15:25:01.220+0000	[###########.............] applicationData.products	44.0MB/87.9MB (50.0%)
2019-03-18T15:25:04.220+0000	[#############...........] applicationData.products	48.9MB/87.9MB (55.6%)
2019-03-18T15:25:07.221+0000	[##############..........] applicationData.products	53.9MB/87.9MB (61.3%)
2019-03-18T15:25:10.220+0000	[###############.........] applicationData.products	58.6MB/87.9MB (66.6%)
2019-03-18T15:25:13.220+0000	[#################.......] applicationData.products	63.7MB/87.9MB (72.4%)
2019-03-18T15:25:16.220+0000	[##################......] applicationData.products	69.0MB/87.9MB (78.4%)
2019-03-18T15:25:19.220+0000	[####################....] applicationData.products	73.7MB/87.9MB (83.8%)
2019-03-18T15:25:22.220+0000	[#####################...] applicationData.products	78.7MB/87.9MB (89.4%)
2019-03-18T15:25:25.220+0000	[######################..] applicationData.products	83.3MB/87.9MB (94.7%)
2019-03-18T15:25:27.518+0000	[########################] applicationData.products	87.9MB/87.9MB (100.0%)
2019-03-18T15:25:27.518+0000	imported 516784 documents
2. 执行读操作
$ mongo --host "m103-repl/192.168.103.100:27001" -u "m103-admin" -p "m103-pass" --authenticationDatabase "admin"

MongoDB Enterprise m103-repl:PRIMARY> use applicationData
switched to db applicationData

分片(Sharding)管理

配制一个分片集群

本部分在上面 3 节点集群复制配制 的基础上，配制一个 3 节点的 Config Server，及一个 mongos，构成一个最小化的分片集群。

1. Mongo Shell 连接到主节点，确保复制子集运行正常
$ mongo --host "m103-repl/192.168.103.100:27001" -u "m103-admin" -p "m103-pass" --authenticationDatabase "admin"
ngoDB Enterprise m103-repl:PRIMARY> rs.isMaster()
{
	"hosts" : [
		"192.168.103.100:27001",
		"192.168.103.100:27002",
		"192.168.103.100:27003"
	],
	"setName" : "m103-repl",
	"setVersion" : 3,
	"ismaster" : true,
	"secondary" : false,
	"primary" : "192.168.103.100:27001",
	"me" : "192.168.103.100:27001",
...

2. 创建三个 Config Server 节点配制文件，内容如下

mongod-csrs-1.confmongod-csrs-2.conf
sharding:
  clusterRole: configsvr
replication:
  replSetName: m103-csrs
security:
  keyFile: /var/mongodb/pki/m103-keyfile
net:
  bindIp: localhost,192.168.103.100
  port: 26001
systemLog:
  destination: file
  path: /var/mongodb/db/csrs1/mongod.log
  logAppend: true
processManagement:
  fork: true
storage:
  dbPath: /var/mongodb/db/csrs1
sharding:
  clusterRole: configsvr
replication:
  replSetName: m103-csrs
security:
  keyFile: /var/mongodb/pki/m103-keyfile
net:
  bindIp: localhost,192.168.103.100
  port: 26002
systemLog:
  destination: file
  path: /var/mongodb/db/csrs2/mongod.log
  logAppend: true
processManagement:
  fork: true
storage:
  dbPath: /var/mongodb/db/csrs2
mongod-csrs-3.conf
sharding:
  clusterRole: configsvr
replication:
  replSetName: m103-csrs
security:
  keyFile: /var/mongodb/pki/m103-keyfile
net:
  bindIp: localhost,192.168.103.100
  port: 26003
systemLog:
  destination: file
  path: /var/mongodb/db/csrs3/mongod.log
  logAppend: true
processManagement:
  fork: true
storage:
  dbPath: /var/mongodb/db/csrs3
3. 创建日志存储路径
$ mkdir -p /var/mongodb/db/csrs{1,2,3}
4. 启动三个节点
$ mongod -f mongod-csrs-1.conf
$ mongod -f mongod-csrs-2.conf
$ mongod -f mongod-csrs-3.conf
5. 查看运行的 mongod 进程
$ ps -ef | grep mongod
vagrant   2368     1  0 09:37 ?        00:00:08 mongod -f mongod-repl-1.conf
vagrant   2398     1  0 09:37 ?        00:00:07 mongod -f mongod-repl-2.conf
vagrant   2428     1  0 09:37 ?        00:00:08 mongod -f mongod-repl-3.conf
vagrant   2789     1  0 09:56 ?        00:00:00 mongod -f mongod-csrs-1.conf
vagrant   2827     1  0 09:56 ?        00:00:00 mongod -f mongod-csrs-2.conf
vagrant   2864     1  0 09:56 ?        00:00:00 mongod -f mongod-csrs-3.conf
6. 连接到 Config Server 主节点，初始化集群
$ mongo --port 26001

MongoDB Enterprise > rs.initiate()
{
	"info2" : "no configuration specified. Using a default configuration for the set",
	"me" : "192.168.103.100:26001",
	"ok" : 1,
	"$gleStats" : {
		"lastOpTime" : Timestamp(1552989761, 1),
		"electionId" : ObjectId("000000000000000000000000")
	}
}
7. 创建一个超级用户
MongoDB Enterprise m103-csrs:SECONDARY> use admin
switched to db admin

MongoDB Enterprise m103-csrs:PRIMARY> db.createUser({user: "m103-admin", pwd: "m103-pass", roles: [{role: "root", db: "admin"}]})
Successfully added user: {
	"user" : "m103-admin",
	"roles" : [
		{
			"role" : "root",
			"db" : "admin"
		}
	]
}

MongoDB Enterprise m103-csrs:PRIMARY> db.auth("m103-admin", "m103-pass")
1
8. 添加两个备节点
MongoDB Enterprise m103-csrs:PRIMARY> rs.add("192.168.103.100:26002")
{
	"ok" : 1,
	"operationTime" : Timestamp(1552989889, 1),
	"$gleStats" : {
		"lastOpTime" : {
			"ts" : Timestamp(1552989889, 1),
			"t" : NumberLong(1)
		},
		"electionId" : ObjectId("7fffffff0000000000000001")
	},
	"$clusterTime" : {
		"clusterTime" : Timestamp(1552989889, 1),
		"signature" : {
			"hash" : BinData(0,"L8929773rnlHXegrwczReqJ0uUk="),
			"keyId" : NumberLong("6670040243107790859")
		}
	}
}
MongoDB Enterprise m103-csrs:PRIMARY> rs.add("192.168.103.100:26003")
{
	"ok" : 1,
	"operationTime" : Timestamp(1552989893, 1),
	"$gleStats" : {
		"lastOpTime" : {
			"ts" : Timestamp(1552989893, 1),
			"t" : NumberLong(1)
		},
		"electionId" : ObjectId("7fffffff0000000000000001")
	},
	"$clusterTime" : {
		"clusterTime" : Timestamp(1552989893, 1),
		"signature" : {
			"hash" : BinData(0,"SkmXMO118gGEp3S9XAmunUo1omU="),
			"keyId" : NumberLong("6670040243107790859")
		}
	}
}
9. 查看集群状态
MongoDB Enterprise m103-csrs:PRIMARY> rs.isMaster()
{
	"hosts" : [
		"192.168.103.100:26001",
		"192.168.103.100:26002",
		"192.168.103.100:26003"
	],
	"setName" : "m103-csrs",
	"setVersion" : 3,
	"ismaster" : true,
	"secondary" : false,
	"primary" : "192.168.103.100:26001",
	"me" : "192.168.103.100:26001",
	"electionId" : ObjectId("7fffffff0000000000000001"),
...

10. 创建 mongos.conf 文件，内容如下

mongos.conf
sharding:
  configDB: m103-csrs/192.168.103.100:26001,192.168.103.100:26002,192.168.103.100:26003
security:
  keyFile: /var/mongodb/pki/m103-keyfile
net:
  bindIp: localhost,192.168.103.100
  port: 26000
systemLog:
  destination: file
  path: /var/mongodb/db/mongos.log
  logAppend: true
processManagement:
  fork: true
11. 启动 mongos
$ mongos -f mongos.conf
12. 查看 mongos 进程及监听端口信息
$ ps -ef | grep mongos
vagrant   5065     1  0 14:25 ?        00:00:00 mongos -f mongos.conf

$ sudo netstat -antulop | grep 5065
tcp        0      0 192.168.103.100:26000   0.0.0.0:*               LISTEN      5065/mongos      off (0.00/0/0)
tcp        0      0 127.0.0.1:26000         0.0.0.0:*               LISTEN      5065/mongos      off (0.00/0/0)
tcp        0      0 192.168.103.100:51380   192.168.103.100:26002   ESTABLISHED 5065/mongos      keepalive (127.78/0/0)
tcp        0      0 192.168.103.100:51374   192.168.103.100:26002   ESTABLISHED 5065/mongos      keepalive (96.04/0/0)
tcp        0      0 192.168.103.100:56908   192.168.103.100:26003   ESTABLISHED 5065/mongos      keepalive (96.04/0/0)
tcp        0      0 192.168.103.100:44612   192.168.103.100:26001   ESTABLISHED 5065/mongos      keepalive (96.04/0/0)
tcp        0      0 192.168.103.100:56913   192.168.103.100:26003   ESTABLISHED 5065/mongos      keepalive (96.04/0/0)
tcp        0      0 192.168.103.100:44608   192.168.103.100:26001   ESTABLISHED 5065/mongos      keepalive (96.04/0/0)
13. Mongo Shell 连接到 mongos
$ mongo --port 26000 -u "m103-admin" -p "m103-pass" --authenticationDatabase "admin"
MongoDB shell version v3.6.11
connecting to: mongodb://127.0.0.1:26000/?authSource=admin&gssapiServiceName=mongodb
Implicit session: session { "id" : UUID("0691aaa5-4695-457a-b848-68819fdf5b75") }
MongoDB server version: 3.6.11
MongoDB Enterprise mongos>
14. 查看分区集群的状态
MongoDB Enterprise mongos> sh.status()
--- Sharding Status ---
  sharding version: {
  	"_id" : 1,
  	"minCompatibleVersion" : 5,
  	"currentVersion" : 6,
  	"clusterId" : ObjectId("5c90be43507efebbab5cc5e8")
  }
  shards:
  active mongoses:
        "3.6.11" : 1
  autosplit:
        Currently enabled: yes
  balancer:
        Currently enabled:  yes
        Currently running:  no
        Failed balancer rounds in last 5 attempts:  0
        Migration Results for the last 24 hours:
                No recent migrations
  databases:
        {  "_id" : "config",  "primary" : "config",  "partitioned" : true }

15. 创建三个节点配制文件，添加 sharding 及 wiredTiger 配制，内容如下

mongod-repl-1.confmongod-repl-2.conf
sharding:
  clusterRole: shardsvr
storage:
  dbPath: /var/mongodb/db/1
  wiredTiger:
    engineConfig:
      cacheSizeGB: .1
net:
  bindIp: 192.168.103.100,localhost
  port: 27001
security:
  authorization: enabled
  keyFile: /var/mongodb/pki/m103-keyfile
systemLog:
  destination: file
  path: /var/mongodb/db/mongod1.log
  logAppend: true
processManagement:
  fork: true
replication:
  replSetName: m103-repl
sharding:
  clusterRole: shardsvr
storage:
  dbPath: /var/mongodb/db/2
  wiredTiger:
    engineConfig:
      cacheSizeGB: .1
net:
  bindIp: 192.168.103.100,localhost
  port: 27002
security:
  authorization: enabled
  keyFile: /var/mongodb/pki/m103-keyfile
systemLog:
  destination: file
  path: /var/mongodb/db/mongod2.log
  logAppend: true
processManagement:
  fork: true
replication:
  replSetName: m103-repl
mongod-repl-3.conf
sharding:
  clusterRole: shardsvr
storage:
  dbPath: /var/mongodb/db/3
  wiredTiger:
    engineConfig:
      cacheSizeGB: .1
net:
  bindIp: 192.168.103.100,localhost
  port: 27003
security:
  authorization: enabled
  keyFile: /var/mongodb/pki/m103-keyfile
systemLog:
  destination: file
  path: /var/mongodb/db/mongod3.log
  logAppend: true
processManagement:
  fork: true
replication:
  replSetName: m103-repl
16. ROLLING UPGRADE I - 备节点重起
$ mongo --port 27002 -u "m103-admin" -p "m103-pass" --authenticationDatabase "admin"

MongoDB Enterprise m103-repl:SECONDARY> use admin
switched to db admin
MongoDB Enterprise m103-repl:SECONDARY> db.shutdownServer()

$ mongod -f mongod-repl-2.conf
17. ROLLING UPGRADE II - 备节点重起
$ mongo --port 27003 -u "m103-admin" -p "m103-pass" --authenticationDatabase "admin"

MongoDB Enterprise m103-repl:SECONDARY> use admin
switched to db admin
MongoDB Enterprise m103-repl:SECONDARY> db.shutdownServer()

$ mongod -f mongod-repl-3.conf
18. ROLLING UPGRADE III - 主节点重起
$ mongo --port 27001 -u "m103-admin" -p "m103-pass" --authenticationDatabase "admin"

MongoDB Enterprise m103-repl:PRIMARY> rs.stepDown()

MongoDB Enterprise m103-repl:SECONDARY> use admin
switched to db admin
MongoDB Enterprise m103-repl:SECONDARY> db.shutdownServer()

$ mongod -f mongod-repl-1.conf
19. 连接到 mongos, 添加一个分片
$ mongo --port 26000 -u "m103-admin" -p "m103-pass" --authenticationDatabase "admin"

MongoDB Enterprise mongos> sh.addShard("m103-repl/192.168.103.100:27002")
{
	"shardAdded" : "m103-repl",
	"ok" : 1,
	"operationTime" : Timestamp(1553007892, 9),
	"$clusterTime" : {
		"clusterTime" : Timestamp(1553007892, 9),
		"signature" : {
			"hash" : BinData(0,"Fkn0MODTuvcLjFT9uWPkcjfB1s0="),
			"keyId" : NumberLong("6670040243107790859")
		}
	}
}
20. 查看分区集群的状态
MongoDB Enterprise mongos> sh.status()
--- Sharding Status ---
  sharding version: {
  	"_id" : 1,
  	"minCompatibleVersion" : 5,
  	"currentVersion" : 6,
  	"clusterId" : ObjectId("5c90be43507efebbab5cc5e8")
  }
  shards:
        {  "_id" : "m103-repl",  "host" : "m103-repl/192.168.103.100:27001,192.168.103.100:27002,192.168.103.100:27003",  "state" : 1 }
  active mongoses:
        "3.6.11" : 1
  autosplit:
        Currently enabled: yes
  balancer:
        Currently enabled:  yes
        Currently running:  no
        Failed balancer rounds in last 5 attempts:  0
        Migration Results for the last 24 hours:
                No recent migrations
  databases:
        {  "_id" : "config",  "primary" : "config",  "partitioned" : true }

配制第二个分片

本部分在前面Config Server 复制子集，分片一复制子集，mongos 的基础上添加分片二复制子集。

1. Config Server 启动
$ mongod -f mongod-csrs-1.conf
$ mongod -f mongod-csrs-2.conf
$ mongod -f mongod-csrs-3.conf
2. mongos 启动
$ mongos -f mongos.conf
3. 分片一启动
$ mongod -f mongod-repl-1.conf
$ mongod -f mongod-repl-2.conf
$ mongod -f mongod-repl-3.conf
4. 查看监听端口
$ ps -ef | grep mongo
vagrant   2202     1  1 02:14 ?        00:00:02 mongod -f mongod-csrs-1.conf
vagrant   2285     1  1 02:14 ?        00:00:02 mongod -f mongod-csrs-2.conf
vagrant   2371     1  1 02:14 ?        00:00:02 mongod -f mongod-csrs-3.conf
vagrant   2482     1  0 02:14 ?        00:00:00 mongos -f mongos.conf
vagrant   2519     1  1 02:15 ?        00:00:01 mongod -f mongod-repl-1.conf
vagrant   2615     1  1 02:15 ?        00:00:01 mongod -f mongod-repl-2.conf
vagrant   2720     1  1 02:15 ?        00:00:01 mongod -f mongod-repl-3.conf
5. 连接到 mongos，查看分片状态
$ mongo --port 26000 -u "m103-admin" -p "m103-pass" --authenticationDatabase "admin"

MongoDB Enterprise mongos> sh.status()
--- Sharding Status ---
  sharding version: {
  	"_id" : 1,
  	"minCompatibleVersion" : 5,
  	"currentVersion" : 6,
  	"clusterId" : ObjectId("5c90be43507efebbab5cc5e8")
  }
  shards:
        {  "_id" : "m103-repl",  "host" : "m103-repl/192.168.103.100:27001,192.168.103.100:27002,192.168.103.100:27003",  "state" : 1 }
  active mongoses:
        "3.6.11" : 1
  autosplit:
        Currently enabled: yes
  balancer:
        Currently enabled:  yes
        Currently running:  no

6. 创建分片二的节点配制文件如下

mongod-repl-4.confmongod-repl-5.conf
sharding:
  clusterRole: shardsvr
storage:
  dbPath: /var/mongodb/db/4
  wiredTiger:
    engineConfig:
      cacheSizeGB: .1
net:
  bindIp: 192.168.103.100,localhost
  port: 27004
security:
  authorization: enabled
  keyFile: /var/mongodb/pki/m103-keyfile
systemLog:
  destination: file
  path: /var/mongodb/db/mongod4.log
  logAppend: true
processManagement:
  fork: true
operationProfiling:
  slowOpThresholdMs: 50
replication:
  replSetName: m103-repl-2
sharding:
  clusterRole: shardsvr
storage:
  dbPath: /var/mongodb/db/5
  wiredTiger:
    engineConfig:
      cacheSizeGB: .1
net:
  bindIp: 192.168.103.100,localhost
  port: 27005
security:
  authorization: enabled
  keyFile: /var/mongodb/pki/m103-keyfile
systemLog:
  destination: file
  path: /var/mongodb/db/mongod5.log
  logAppend: true
processManagement:
  fork: true
operationProfiling:
  slowOpThresholdMs: 50
replication:
  replSetName: m103-repl-2
mongod-repl-6.conf
sharding:
  clusterRole: shardsvr
storage:
  dbPath: /var/mongodb/db/6
  wiredTiger:
    engineConfig:
      cacheSizeGB: .1
net:
  bindIp: 192.168.103.100,localhost
  port: 27006
security:
  authorization: enabled
  keyFile: /var/mongodb/pki/m103-keyfile
systemLog:
  destination: file
  path: /var/mongodb/db/mongod6.log
  logAppend: true
processManagement:
  fork: true
operationProfiling:
  slowOpThresholdMs: 50
replication:
  replSetName: m103-repl-2
7. 创建数据存储路径
$ mkdir /var/mongodb/db/{4,5,6}
8. 启动分片二
$ mongod -f mongod-repl-4.conf
$ mongod -f mongod-repl-5.conf
$ mongod -f mongod-repl-6.conf
9. Mongo Shell 连接到分片二主节点，初始化
$ mongo --port 27004

MongoDB Enterprise > rs.initiate()
{
	"info2" : "no configuration specified. Using a default configuration for the set",
	"me" : "192.168.103.100:27004",
	"ok" : 1
}
10. 创建一个超级用户
MongoDB Enterprise m103-repl-2:PRIMARY> use admin
switched to db admin

MongoDB Enterprise m103-repl-2:PRIMARY> db.createUser({user: "m103-admin", pwd: "m103-pass", roles: [{role: "root", db: "admin"}]})
Successfully added user: {
	"user" : "m103-admin",
	"roles" : [
		{
			"role" : "root",
			"db" : "admin"
		}
	]
}

MongoDB Enterprise m103-repl-2:PRIMARY> db.auth("m103-admin", "m103-pass")
1
11. 分片二主节点添加两个备节点
MongoDB Enterprise m103-repl-2:PRIMARY> rs.add("192.168.103.100:27005")
{ "ok" : 1 }
MongoDB Enterprise m103-repl-2:PRIMARY> rs.add("192.168.103.100:27006")
{ "ok" : 1 }
12. 分片二查看状态
MongoDB Enterprise m103-repl-2:PRIMARY> rs.isMaster()
{
	"hosts" : [
		"192.168.103.100:27004",
		"192.168.103.100:27005",
		"192.168.103.100:27006"
	],
	"setName" : "m103-repl-2",
	"setVersion" : 3,
	"ismaster" : true,
	"secondary" : false,
	"primary" : "192.168.103.100:27004",
	"me" : "192.168.103.100:27004",
	"electionId" : ObjectId("7fffffff0000000000000001"),
	"lastWrite" : {
		"opTime" : {
			"ts" : Timestamp(1553223267, 1),
			"t" : NumberLong(1)
		},
		"lastWriteDate" : ISODate("2019-03-22T02:54:27Z"),
		"majorityOpTime" : {
			"ts" : Timestamp(1553223267, 1),
			"t" : NumberLong(1)
		},
		"majorityWriteDate" : ISODate("2019-03-22T02:54:27Z")
	},
	"maxBsonObjectSize" : 16777216,
	"maxMessageSizeBytes" : 48000000,
	"maxWriteBatchSize" : 100000,
	"localTime" : ISODate("2019-03-22T02:54:28.188Z"),
	"minWireVersion" : 0,
	"maxWireVersion" : 6,
	"readOnly" : false,
	"ok" : 1
}
13. Mongo Shell 连接到 mongos，添加分片二
$ mongo --port 26000 -u "m103-admin" -p "m103-pass" --authenticationDatabase "admin"

MongoDB Enterprise mongos> sh.addShard("m103-repl-2/192.168.103.100:27004")
{
	"shardAdded" : "m103-repl-2",
	"ok" : 1,
	"operationTime" : Timestamp(1553223361, 10),
	"$clusterTime" : {
		"clusterTime" : Timestamp(1553223361, 10),
		"signature" : {
			"hash" : BinData(0,"/aXB+cCpajXDA6Uk5Y1hhp2BMjo="),
			"keyId" : NumberLong("6670040243107790859")
		}
	}
}
14. 查看分片状态
MongoDB Enterprise mongos> sh.status()
--- Sharding Status ---
  sharding version: {
  	"_id" : 1,
  	"minCompatibleVersion" : 5,
  	"currentVersion" : 6,
  	"clusterId" : ObjectId("5c90be43507efebbab5cc5e8")
  }
  shards:
        {  "_id" : "m103-repl",  "host" : "m103-repl/192.168.103.100:27001,192.168.103.100:27002,192.168.103.100:27003",  "state" : 1 }
        {  "_id" : "m103-repl-2",  "host" : "m103-repl-2/192.168.103.100:27004,192.168.103.100:27005,192.168.103.100:27006",  "state" : 1 }
  active mongoses:
        "3.6.11" : 1
  autosplit:
        Currently enabled: yes
  balancer:
        Currently enabled:  yes
15. 批量导入数据
$ mongoimport --drop /dataset/products.json --port 26000 -u "m103-admin" -p "m103-pass" --authenticationDatabase "admin" --db m103 --collection products
2019-03-22T03:02:41.271+0000	connected to: localhost:26000
2019-03-22T03:02:41.272+0000	dropping: m103.products
2019-03-22T03:02:44.264+0000	[........................] m103.products	3.37MB/87.9MB (3.8%)
2019-03-22T03:02:47.264+0000	[........................] m103.products	3.37MB/87.9MB (3.8%)
2019-03-22T03:02:50.260+0000	[##......................] m103.products	8.12MB/87.9MB (9.2%)
2019-03-22T03:02:53.259+0000	[###.....................] m103.products	13.5MB/87.9MB (15.3%)
2019-03-22T03:02:56.259+0000	[#####...................] m103.products	18.4MB/87.9MB (20.9%)
2019-03-22T03:02:59.260+0000	[#####...................] m103.products	18.5MB/87.9MB (21.1%)
2019-03-22T03:03:02.259+0000	[#####...................] m103.products	21.9MB/87.9MB (24.9%)
2019-03-22T03:03:05.260+0000	[#######.................] m103.products	26.9MB/87.9MB (30.6%)
2019-03-22T03:03:08.260+0000	[#######.................] m103.products	29.1MB/87.9MB (33.1%)
2019-03-22T03:03:11.259+0000	[#######.................] m103.products	29.1MB/87.9MB (33.1%)
2019-03-22T03:03:14.259+0000	[#########...............] m103.products	33.0MB/87.9MB (37.5%)
2019-03-22T03:03:17.259+0000	[##########..............] m103.products	38.2MB/87.9MB (43.5%)
2019-03-22T03:03:20.260+0000	[###########.............] m103.products	43.4MB/87.9MB (49.4%)
2019-03-22T03:03:23.264+0000	[############............] m103.products	47.3MB/87.9MB (53.8%)
2019-03-22T03:03:26.260+0000	[############............] m103.products	47.3MB/87.9MB (53.8%)
2019-03-22T03:03:29.259+0000	[##############..........] m103.products	51.9MB/87.9MB (59.1%)
2019-03-22T03:03:32.259+0000	[###############.........] m103.products	57.0MB/87.9MB (64.8%)
2019-03-22T03:03:35.259+0000	[################........] m103.products	62.2MB/87.9MB (70.7%)
2019-03-22T03:03:38.261+0000	[##################......] m103.products	67.6MB/87.9MB (76.9%)
2019-03-22T03:03:41.259+0000	[###################.....] m103.products	72.7MB/87.9MB (82.7%)
2019-03-22T03:03:44.259+0000	[#####################...] m103.products	78.0MB/87.9MB (88.7%)
2019-03-22T03:03:47.260+0000	[######################..] m103.products	83.0MB/87.9MB (94.4%)
2019-03-22T03:03:49.688+0000	[########################] m103.products	87.9MB/87.9MB (100.0%)
2019-03-22T03:03:49.688+0000	imported 516784 documents
16. 设定导入的数据库分区
MongoDB Enterprise mongos> sh.enableSharding("m103")
{
	"ok" : 1,
	"operationTime" : Timestamp(1553224043, 5),
	"$clusterTime" : {
		"clusterTime" : Timestamp(1553224043, 5),
		"signature" : {
			"hash" : BinData(0,"YYMdriYT49B7C4xe86DPEhffldo="),
			"keyId" : NumberLong("6670040243107790859")
		}
	}
}
17. 创建索引
MongoDB Enterprise mongos> db.products.createIndex({"sku": 1})
{
	"raw" : {
		"m103-repl/192.168.103.100:27001,192.168.103.100:27002,192.168.103.100:27003" : {
			"createdCollectionAutomatically" : false,
			"numIndexesBefore" : 1,
			"numIndexesAfter" : 2,
			"ok" : 1
		}
	},
	"ok" : 1,
	"operationTime" : Timestamp(1553225658, 1),
	"$clusterTime" : {
		"clusterTime" : Timestamp(1553225658, 1),
		"signature" : {
			"hash" : BinData(0,"7mtbmtuvoV8oO17YDJjRTxaXMk0="),
			"keyId" : NumberLong("6670040243107790859")
		}
	}
}
18. 执行分区
MongoDB Enterprise mongos> db.adminCommand({shardCollection: "m103.products", key: {sku: 1}})
{
	"collectionsharded" : "m103.products",
	"collectionUUID" : UUID("a9f9e8d6-57f5-4b27-877e-d62e7bd3ad5a"),
	"ok" : 1,
	"operationTime" : Timestamp(1553225779, 8),
	"$clusterTime" : {
		"clusterTime" : Timestamp(1553225779, 8),
		"signature" : {
			"hash" : BinData(0,"VTCDFiglVcFm2nPyUHvfQm9km0Q="),
			"keyId" : NumberLong("6670040243107790859")
		}
	}
}
Table 1. 19. 查看分片结果
分区结果查询
mongos 上查询
$ mongo m103 --host "192.168.103.100:26000" -u "m103-admin" -p "m103-pass" --authenticationDatabase "admin" --eval 'db.products.find().count()'
516784
分区一上查询
$ mongo m103 --host "m103-repl/192.168.103.100:27001" -u "m103-admin" -p "m103-pass" --authenticationDatabase "admin" --eval 'db.products.find().count()'
217885
分区二上查
$ mongo m103 --host "m103-repl-2/192.168.103.100:27004" -u "m103-admin" -p "m103-pass" --authenticationDatabase "admin" --eval 'db.products.find().count()'
298899
Note可以看到 mongos 查询结果为导入文档的总数。分片一和分片二文档数相加就等于导入的文档总数。

20. 查看分片统计数据（config 数据库）

统计数据
查看数据列表
MongoDB Enterprise mongos> db.databases.find()
{ "_id" : "applicationData", "primary" : "m103-repl", "partitioned" : false }
{ "_id" : "testDatabase", "primary" : "m103-repl", "partitioned" : false }
{ "_id" : "m103", "primary" : "m103-repl-2", "partitioned" : true }

共有三个数据库，m103 是分区的，主分区是 m103-repl-2。

查看分区的 collection
MongoDB Enterprise mongos> db.collections.find().pretty()
{
	"_id" : "config.system.sessions",
	"lastmodEpoch" : ObjectId("5ca5880eacc7277f703c5306"),
	"lastmod" : ISODate("1970-02-19T17:02:47.296Z"),
	"dropped" : false,
	"key" : {
		"_id" : 1
	},
	"unique" : false,
	"uuid" : UUID("eeed2e7c-4490-460b-a193-1ae37908ca65")
}
{
	"_id" : "m103.products",
	"lastmodEpoch" : ObjectId("5ca59a95acc7277f703ca679"),
	"lastmod" : ISODate("1970-02-19T17:02:47.298Z"),
	"dropped" : false,
	"key" : {
		"sku" : 1
	},
	"unique" : false,
	"uuid" : UUID("f5422be9-e213-4a6a-96ea-4f7ed7c44002")
}

m103.products 的 key 用来用来分片。

查看分区列表
MongoDB Enterprise mongos> db.shards.find().pretty()
{
	"_id" : "m103-repl",
	"host" : "m103-repl/192.168.103.100:27001,192.168.103.100:27002,192.168.103.100:27003",
	"state" : 1
}
{
	"_id" : "m103-repl-2",
	"host" : "m103-repl-2/192.168.103.100:27004,192.168.103.100:27005,192.168.103.100:27006",
	"state" : 1
}

可以看到有两个分区，分别是 m103-repl 和 m103-repl-2

查看 chunks
MongoDB Enterprise mongos> db.chunks.find().pretty()
{
	"_id" : "config.system.sessions-_id_MinKey",
	"ns" : "config.system.sessions",
	"min" : {
		"_id" : { "$minKey" : 1 }
	},
	"max" : {
		"_id" : { "$maxKey" : 1 }
	},
	"shard" : "m103-repl",
	"lastmod" : Timestamp(1, 0),
	"lastmodEpoch" : ObjectId("5ca5880eacc7277f703c5306")
}
{
	"_id" : "m103.products-sku_MinKey",
	"lastmod" : Timestamp(2, 0),
	"lastmodEpoch" : ObjectId("5ca59a95acc7277f703ca679"),
	"ns" : "m103.products",
	"min" : {
		"sku" : { "$minKey" : 1 }
	},
	"max" : {
		"sku" : 23153496
	},
	"shard" : "m103-repl"
}
{
	"_id" : "m103.products-sku_23153496",
	"lastmod" : Timestamp(2, 1),
	"lastmodEpoch" : ObjectId("5ca59a95acc7277f703ca679"),
	"ns" : "m103.products",
	"min" : {
		"sku" : 23153496
	},
	"max" : {
		"sku" : 28928914
	},
	"shard" : "m103-repl-2"
}
{
	"_id" : "m103.products-sku_28928914",
	"ns" : "m103.products",
	"min" : {
		"sku" : 28928914
	},
	"max" : {
		"sku" : { "$maxKey" : 1 }
	},
	"shard" : "m103-repl-2",
	"lastmod" : Timestamp(1, 2),
	"lastmodEpoch" : ObjectId("5ca59a95acc7277f703ca679")
}

可以看到 m103.products 有三个 chunks，sku 的范围分别是：

  • 最小 sku - 23153496

  • 23153496 - 28928914

  • 28928914 - 最大 sku

三个 chunks 的 ID 分别为：m103.products-sku_MinKey, m103.products-sku_23153496, m103.products-sku_28928914。

ConfigDB

1. 导入数据
$ mongoimport --drop products.json --port 27017 -u "root" -p "mongo" --authenticationDatabase "admin" --db testConfigDB --collection products
2019-06-02T16:34:48.382+0800	connected to: localhost:27017
2019-06-02T16:34:48.397+0800	dropping: testConfigDB.products
2019-06-02T16:34:51.366+0800	[###.....................] testConfigDB.products	11.7MB/87.9MB (13.3%)
2019-06-02T16:34:54.365+0800	[#######.................] testConfigDB.products	25.8MB/87.9MB (29.3%)
2019-06-02T16:34:57.362+0800	[##########..............] testConfigDB.products	39.6MB/87.9MB (45.0%)
2019-06-02T16:35:00.365+0800	[##############..........] testConfigDB.products	52.9MB/87.9MB (60.2%)
2019-06-02T16:35:03.367+0800	[##################......] testConfigDB.products	66.4MB/87.9MB (75.5%)
2019-06-02T16:35:06.362+0800	[#####################...] testConfigDB.products	80.6MB/87.9MB (91.6%)
2019-06-02T16:35:07.746+0800	[########################] testConfigDB.products	87.9MB/87.9MB (100.0%)
2019-06-02T16:35:07.746+0800	imported 516784 documents
2. 查看导入的数据
use testConfigDB

db.products.count()
516784

db.products.aggregate([{$project: {_id: 0, sku: 1}}, {$sort: {sku: 1}}, {$limit: 20}])
db.products.aggregate([{$project: {_id: 0, sku: 1}}, {$sort: {sku: -1}}, {$limit: 20}])

db.products.aggregate([{$match: {sku: {$lt: 20000044}}}, {$project: {_id: 0, sku: 1}}])
db.products.aggregate([{$match: {sku: {$gt: 9999265500050003}}}, {$project: {_id: 0, sku: 1}}])
3. 查询 config DB
use config

db.mongos.find()

db.shards.find()
{ "_id" : "repl-a", "host" : "repl-a/localhost:27000,localhost:27001,localhost:27002", "state" : 1 }
{ "_id" : "repl-b", "host" : "repl-b/localhost:28000,localhost:28001,localhost:28002", "state" : 1 }

db.databases.find()
db.collections.find()

db.chunks.find()
4. 设定 test 数据库分区，创建索引，执行分区
sh.enableSharding("testConfigDB")

use testConfigDB

db.products.stats()
...
        "ns" : "testConfigDB.products",
	"count" : 516784,
	"size" : 79714444,
	"storageSize" : 25968640,
	"totalIndexSize" : 4947968,
	"indexSizes" : {
		"_id_" : 4947968
	},

db.products.createIndex({sku: 1})

db.products.stats()
...
	"ns" : "testConfigDB.products",
	"count" : 516784,
	"size" : 79714444,
	"storageSize" : 25968640,
	"totalIndexSize" : 10063872,
	"indexSizes" : {
		"_id_" : 4947968,
		"sku_1" : 5115904
	},

db.adminCommand({shardCollection: "testConfigDB.products", key: {sku: 1}})
5. 查看分片状态
sh.status()
...
  databases:
     {  "_id" : "testConfigDB",  "primary" : "repl-b",  "partitioned" : true,  "version" : {  "uuid" : UUID("03d0bae2-2dcd-4311-8802-5b9cc157ea22"),  "lastMod" : 1 } }
                testConfigDB.products
                        shard key: { "sku" : 1 }
                        unique: false
                        balancing: true
                        chunks:
                                repl-a	1
                                repl-b	2
                        { "sku" : { "$minKey" : 1 } } -->> { "sku" : 23153496 } on : repl-a Timestamp(2, 0)
                        { "sku" : 23153496 } -->> { "sku" : 28928914 } on : repl-b Timestamp(2, 1)
                        { "sku" : 28928914 } -->> { "sku" : { "$maxKey" : 1 } } on : repl-b Timestamp(1, 2)
6. 查询 config DB
use config

db.chunks.aggregate({$match: {ns: {$eq: "testConfigDB.products"}}},{$project: {_id: 0, min: "$min.sku", max: "$max.sku", shard: 1}})
{ "shard" : "repl-a", "min" : { "$minKey" : 1 }, "max" : 23153496 }
{ "shard" : "repl-b", "min" : 23153496, "max" : 28928914 }
{ "shard" : "repl-b", "min" : 28928914, "max" : { "$maxKey" : 1 } }

db.collections.find()
7. 统计分片 a 和分片 b 上数据的总量
$ mongo testConfigDB -u root -p mongo --authenticationDatabase "admin" --host "repl-a/localhost:27000,localhost:27001,localhost:27002" --eval 'db.products.count()'
217885

$ mongo testConfigDB -u root -p mongo --authenticationDatabase "admin" --host "repl-b/localhost:28000,localhost:28001,localhost:28002" --eval 'db.products.count()'
298899

$ mongo testConfigDB -u root -p mongo --authenticationDatabase "admin" --eval 'db.products.count()'
516784

Hashed Sharding

1. 导入数据
$ mongoimport --drop products.json --port 27017 -u "root" -p "mongo" --authenticationDatabase "admin" --db testHashedSharding --collection products
2019-06-02T18:54:14.607+0800	connected to: localhost:27017
2019-06-02T18:54:14.621+0800	dropping: testHashedSharding.products
2019-06-02T18:54:17.586+0800	[###.....................] testHashedSharding.products	12.0MB/87.9MB (13.7%)
2019-06-02T18:54:20.589+0800	[######..................] testHashedSharding.products	25.1MB/87.9MB (28.6%)
2019-06-02T18:54:23.588+0800	[##########..............] testHashedSharding.products	38.2MB/87.9MB (43.5%)
2019-06-02T18:54:26.588+0800	[#############...........] testHashedSharding.products	51.3MB/87.9MB (58.3%)
2019-06-02T18:54:29.589+0800	[#################.......] testHashedSharding.products	64.5MB/87.9MB (73.4%)
2019-06-02T18:54:32.589+0800	[#####################...] testHashedSharding.products	77.6MB/87.9MB (88.3%)
2019-06-02T18:54:34.695+0800	[########################] testHashedSharding.products	87.9MB/87.9MB (100.0%)
2. 查看导入的数据
use testHashedSharding

db.products.count()
516784

db.products.distinct('sku').length
516784
3. 查询 config DB
use config

db.databases.find({}, {_id: 0, primary: 1, partitioned: 1, lastMod: 1})
{ "primary" : "repl-b", "partitioned" : true }
{ "primary" : "repl-a", "partitioned" : false }
4. 创建哈希索引，执行哈希分区
sh.enableSharding("testHashedSharding")

use testHashedSharding

db.products.createIndex({sku: "hashed"})

sh.shardCollection("testHashedSharding.products", {sku: "hashed"})
5. 查看分片状态
sh.status()
...
  databases:
        {  "_id" : "testHashedSharding",  "primary" : "repl-a",  "partitioned" : true,  "version" : {  "uuid" : UUID("517a7dd2-4d4d-4167-b0a8-cfba67ecd0d5"),  "lastMod" : 1 } }
                testHashedSharding.products
                        shard key: { "sku" : "hashed" }
                        unique: false
                        balancing: true
                        chunks:
                                repl-a	2
                                repl-b	1
                        { "sku" : { "$minKey" : 1 } } -->> { "sku" : NumberLong("-1442199500577127961") } on : repl-b Timestamp(2, 0)
                        { "sku" : NumberLong("-1442199500577127961") } -->> { "sku" : NumberLong("6331935390792935387") } on : repl-a Timestamp(2, 1)
                        { "sku" : NumberLong("6331935390792935387") } -->> { "sku" : { "$maxKey" : 1 } } on : repl-a Timestamp(1, 2)
6. 查看 Config DB
use config

db.databases.find({}, {_id: 0, primary: 1, partitioned: 1, lastMod: 1})
{ "primary" : "repl-a", "partitioned" : true }
{ "primary" : "repl-b", "partitioned" : true }

db.chunks.aggregate({$match: {ns: {$eq: "testHashedSharding.products"}}},{$project: {_id: 0, min: "$min.sku", max: "$max.sku", shard: 1}})
{ "shard" : "repl-b", "min" : { "$minKey" : 1 }, "max" : NumberLong("-1442199500577127961") }
{ "shard" : "repl-a", "min" : NumberLong("-1442199500577127961"), "max" : NumberLong("6331935390792935387") }
{ "shard" : "repl-a", "min" : NumberLong("6331935390792935387"), "max" : { "$maxKey" : 1 } }
7. 统计分片 a 和分片 b 上数据的总量
$ mongo testHashedSharding -u root -p mongo --authenticationDatabase "admin" --host "repl-a/localhost:27000,localhost:27001,localhost:27002" --eval 'db.products.count()'
298899

$ mongo testHashedSharding -u root -p mongo --authenticationDatabase "admin" --host "repl-b/localhost:28000,localhost:28001,localhost:28002" --eval 'db.products.count()'
217885

$ mongo testHashedSharding -u root -p mongo --authenticationDatabase "admin" --eval 'db.products.count()'
516784

Chunks

1. 导入数据
use testChunks

var doc = {
   "name": "John Doe",
   "balance": 99.99
}

for (var i = 0; i < 100000; i++) {
   doc.accountNo = i
   db.accounts.insertOne( doc )
}
2. 将 accounts 分片
sh.enableSharding("testChunks")

db.accounts.createIndex({accountNo: 1})

sh.shardCollection("testChunks.accounts", {accountNo: 1})
3. 查看分片分发情况
db.accounts.getShardDistribution()

Shard repl-b at repl-b/localhost:28000,localhost:28001,localhost:28002
 data : 7.34MiB docs : 100000 chunks : 1
 estimated data per chunk : 7.34MiB
 estimated docs per chunk : 100000

Totals
 data : 7.34MiB docs : 100000 chunks : 1
 Shard repl-b contains 100% data, 100% docs in cluster, avg obj size on shard : 77B
4. 查看 Config DB 中数据
use config

db.databases.find({}, {_id: 1, primary: 1, partitioned: 1, lastMod: 1})
{ "_id" : "testHashedSharding", "primary" : "repl-a", "partitioned" : true }
{ "_id" : "testConfigDB", "primary" : "repl-b", "partitioned" : true }
{ "_id" : "testChunks", "primary" : "repl-b", "partitioned" : true }

db.chunks.aggregate({$match: {ns: {$eq: "testChunks.accounts"}}},{$project: {_id: 0, min: "$min.accountNo", max: "$max.accountNo", shard: 1}})
{ "shard" : "repl-b", "min" : { "$minKey" : 1 }, "max" : { "$maxKey" : 1 } }
5. 模拟大量数据导入，手动创建多个 chunk(默认只有当 chunk 的大小大于 64 M 时才开始移动)
sh.splitAt("testChunks.accounts", {accountNo: NumberLong(10000)})
sh.splitAt("testChunks.accounts", {accountNo: NumberLong(20000)})
sh.splitAt("testChunks.accounts", {accountNo: NumberLong(30000)})
sh.splitAt("testChunks.accounts", {accountNo: NumberLong(40000)})
sh.splitAt("testChunks.accounts", {accountNo: NumberLong(50000)})
sh.splitAt("testChunks.accounts", {accountNo: NumberLong(60000)})
sh.splitAt("testChunks.accounts", {accountNo: NumberLong(70000)})
sh.splitAt("testChunks.accounts", {accountNo: NumberLong(80000)})
sh.splitAt("testChunks.accounts", {accountNo: NumberLong(90000)})
6. 查看分片分发情况
 db.accounts.getShardDistribution()

Shard repl-a at repl-a/localhost:27000,localhost:27001,localhost:27002
 data : 3.67MiB docs : 50000 chunks : 5
 estimated data per chunk : 751KiB
 estimated docs per chunk : 10000

Shard repl-b at repl-b/localhost:28000,localhost:28001,localhost:28002
 data : 7.34MiB docs : 100000 chunks : 5
 estimated data per chunk : 1.46MiB
 estimated docs per chunk : 20000

Totals
 data : 11.01MiB docs : 150000 chunks : 10
 Shard repl-a contains 33.33% data, 33.33% docs in cluster, avg obj size on shard : 77B
 Shard repl-b contains 66.66% data, 66.66% docs in cluster, avg obj size on shard : 77B
7. 查看集群状态
sh.status()
...
        {  "_id" : "testChunks",  "primary" : "repl-b",  "partitioned" : true,  "version" : {  "uuid" : UUID("2da4784a-fa07-4a74-b4a7-bcbfa6729a4a"),  "lastMod" : 1 } }
                testChunks.accounts
                        shard key: { "accountNo" : 1 }
                        unique: false
                        balancing: true
                        chunks:
                                repl-a	5
                                repl-b	5
                        { "accountNo" : { "$minKey" : 1 } } -->> { "accountNo" : NumberLong(10000) } on : repl-a Timestamp(2, 0)
                        { "accountNo" : NumberLong(10000) } -->> { "accountNo" : NumberLong(20000) } on : repl-a Timestamp(3, 0)
                        { "accountNo" : NumberLong(20000) } -->> { "accountNo" : NumberLong(30000) } on : repl-a Timestamp(4, 0)
                        { "accountNo" : NumberLong(30000) } -->> { "accountNo" : NumberLong(40000) } on : repl-a Timestamp(5, 0)
                        { "accountNo" : NumberLong(40000) } -->> { "accountNo" : NumberLong(50000) } on : repl-a Timestamp(6, 0)
                        { "accountNo" : NumberLong(50000) } -->> { "accountNo" : NumberLong(60000) } on : repl-b Timestamp(6, 1)
                        { "accountNo" : NumberLong(60000) } -->> { "accountNo" : NumberLong(70000) } on : repl-b Timestamp(4, 2)
                        { "accountNo" : NumberLong(70000) } -->> { "accountNo" : NumberLong(80000) } on : repl-b Timestamp(5, 2)
                        { "accountNo" : NumberLong(80000) } -->> { "accountNo" : NumberLong(90000) } on : repl-b Timestamp(5, 4)
                        { "accountNo" : NumberLong(90000) } -->> { "accountNo" : { "$maxKey" : 1 } } on : repl-b Timestamp(5, 5)
8. 查看 Config DB 中数据
db.chunks.aggregate({$match: {ns: {$eq: "testChunks.accounts"}}},{$project: {_id: 0, min: "$min.accountNo", max: "$max.accountNo", shard: 1}})
{ "shard" : "repl-a", "min" : { "$minKey" : 1 }, "max" : NumberLong(10000) }
{ "shard" : "repl-a", "min" : NumberLong(10000), "max" : NumberLong(20000) }
{ "shard" : "repl-a", "min" : NumberLong(20000), "max" : NumberLong(30000) }
{ "shard" : "repl-a", "min" : NumberLong(30000), "max" : NumberLong(40000) }
{ "shard" : "repl-a", "min" : NumberLong(40000), "max" : NumberLong(50000) }
{ "shard" : "repl-b", "min" : NumberLong(50000), "max" : NumberLong(60000) }
{ "shard" : "repl-b", "min" : NumberLong(60000), "max" : NumberLong(70000) }
{ "shard" : "repl-b", "min" : NumberLong(70000), "max" : NumberLong(80000) }
{ "shard" : "repl-b", "min" : NumberLong(80000), "max" : NumberLong(90000) }
{ "shard" : "repl-b", "min" : NumberLong(90000), "max" : { "$maxKey" : 1 } }
9. 查看数据
$ mongo testChunks -u root -p mongo --authenticationDatabase "admin" --host "repl-a/localhost:27000,localhost:27001,localhost:27002" --eval 'db.accounts.count()'
50000

$ mongo testChunks -u root -p mongo --authenticationDatabase "admin" --host "repl-b/localhost:28000,localhost:28001,localhost:28002" --eval 'db.accounts.count()'
50000

$ mongo testChunks -u root -p mongo --authenticationDatabase "admin" --eval 'db.accounts.count()'
100000

Routed Queries 和 Scatter Gather

如果查询基于 shard key 时则 mongos 会直接路由相应请求到对应的分区；反之则请求发送到所有分区，本部分基于 Chunks 数据库对比两种查询。

1. Routed Queries
db.accounts.find({accountNo: 27008}).explain().queryPlanner.winningPlan
{
	"stage" : "SINGLE_SHARD",
	"shards" : [
		{
			"shardName" : "repl-a",
			"connectionString" : "repl-a/localhost:27000,localhost:27001,localhost:27002",
			"serverInfo" : {
				"host" : "Kylins-MacBook-Pro.local",
				"port" : 27000,
				"version" : "4.0.7",
				"gitVersion" : "1b82c812a9c0bbf6dc79d5400de9ea99e6ffa025"
			},
			"plannerVersion" : 1,
			"namespace" : "testChunks.accounts",
			"indexFilterSet" : false,
			"parsedQuery" : {
				"accountNo" : {
					"$eq" : 27008
				}
			},
			"winningPlan" : {
				"stage" : "FETCH",
				"inputStage" : {
					"stage" : "SHARDING_FILTER",
					"inputStage" : {
						"stage" : "IXSCAN",
						"keyPattern" : {
							"accountNo" : 1
						},
						"indexName" : "accountNo_1",
						"isMultiKey" : false,
						"multiKeyPaths" : {
							"accountNo" : [ ]
						},
						"isUnique" : false,
						"isSparse" : false,
						"isPartial" : false,
						"indexVersion" : 2,
						"direction" : "forward",
						"indexBounds" : {
							"accountNo" : [
								"[27008.0, 27008.0]"
							]
						}
					}
				}
			},
			"rejectedPlans" : [ ]
		}
	]
}
2. Scatter Gather
db.accounts.find({accountNo: {$gt: 27008, $lt: 67000}}).explain().queryPlanner.winningPlan
{
	"stage" : "SHARD_MERGE",
	"shards" : [
		{
			"shardName" : "repl-a",
			"connectionString" : "repl-a/localhost:27000,localhost:27001,localhost:27002",
			"serverInfo" : {
				"host" : "Kylins-MacBook-Pro.local",
				"port" : 27000,
				"version" : "4.0.7",
				"gitVersion" : "1b82c812a9c0bbf6dc79d5400de9ea99e6ffa025"
			},
			"plannerVersion" : 1,
			"namespace" : "testChunks.accounts",
			"indexFilterSet" : false,
			"parsedQuery" : {
				"$and" : [
					{
						"accountNo" : {
							"$lt" : 67000
						}
					},
					{
						"accountNo" : {
							"$gt" : 27008
						}
					}
				]
			},
			"winningPlan" : {
				"stage" : "FETCH",
				"inputStage" : {
					"stage" : "SHARDING_FILTER",
					"inputStage" : {
						"stage" : "IXSCAN",
						"keyPattern" : {
							"accountNo" : 1
						},
						"indexName" : "accountNo_1",
						"isMultiKey" : false,
						"multiKeyPaths" : {
							"accountNo" : [ ]
						},
						"isUnique" : false,
						"isSparse" : false,
						"isPartial" : false,
						"indexVersion" : 2,
						"direction" : "forward",
						"indexBounds" : {
							"accountNo" : [
								"(27008.0, 67000.0)"
							]
						}
					}
				}
			},
			"rejectedPlans" : [ ]
		},
		{
			"shardName" : "repl-b",
			"connectionString" : "repl-b/localhost:28000,localhost:28001,localhost:28002",
			"serverInfo" : {
				"host" : "Kylins-MacBook-Pro.local",
				"port" : 28000,
				"version" : "4.0.7",
				"gitVersion" : "1b82c812a9c0bbf6dc79d5400de9ea99e6ffa025"
			},
			"plannerVersion" : 1,
			"namespace" : "testChunks.accounts",
			"indexFilterSet" : false,
			"parsedQuery" : {
				"$and" : [
					{
						"accountNo" : {
							"$lt" : 67000
						}
					},
					{
						"accountNo" : {
							"$gt" : 27008
						}
					}
				]
			},
			"winningPlan" : {
				"stage" : "FETCH",
				"inputStage" : {
					"stage" : "SHARDING_FILTER",
					"inputStage" : {
						"stage" : "IXSCAN",
						"keyPattern" : {
							"accountNo" : 1
						},
						"indexName" : "accountNo_1",
						"isMultiKey" : false,
						"multiKeyPaths" : {
							"accountNo" : [ ]
						},
						"isUnique" : false,
						"isSparse" : false,
						"isPartial" : false,
						"indexVersion" : 2,
						"direction" : "forward",
						"indexBounds" : {
							"accountNo" : [
								"(27008.0, 67000.0)"
							]
						}
					}
				}
			},
			"rejectedPlans" : [ ]
		}
	]
}
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