Flyway Database

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2023-12-01

Flyway是一个版本控制应用程序，可以在所有实例中轻松可靠地发展数据库模式。要了解有关Flyway的更多信息，您可以使用链接 - www.flywaydb.org

许多软件项目使用关系数据库。这需要处理数据库迁移，通常也称为模式迁移。

在本章中，您将详细了解如何在Spring Boot应用程序中配置Flyway数据库。

配置Flyway数据库

首先，从Spring Initializer页面www.start.spring.io下载Spring Boot项目并选择以下依赖项 -

Spring Boot Starter Web
Flyway
MySQL
JDBC

Maven用户可以在pom.xml文件中添加以下依赖项。

<dependency>
   <groupId>org.flywaydb</groupId>
   <artifactId>flyway-core</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
   <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
   <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-jdbc</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
   <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
   <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
   <groupId>mysql</groupId>
   <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
   <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
   <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
   <scope>test</scope>
</dependency>

Gradle用户可以在build.gradle文件中添加以下依赖项。

compile('org.flywaydb:flyway-core')
compile('org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-starter-jdbc')
compile('org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-starter-web')
compile('mysql:mysql-connector-java')

在应用程序属性中，我们需要配置数据库属性以创建DataSource以及我们需要在应用程序属性中配置的flyway属性。

对于属性文件用户，请在application.properties文件中添加以下属性。

spring.application.name = flywayapp  
spring.datasource.driverClassName = com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
spring.datasource.url = jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/USERSERVICE?autoreconnect=true
spring.datasource.username = root
spring.datasource.password = root
spring.datasource.testOnBorrow = true
spring.datasource.testWhileIdle = true
spring.datasource.timeBetweenEvictionRunsMillis = 60000
spring.datasource.minEvictableIdleTimeMillis = 30000
spring.datasource.validationQuery = SELECT 1
spring.datasource.max-active = 15
spring.datasource.max-idle = 10
spring.datasource.max-wait = 8000
flyway.url = jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/mysql
flyway.schemas = USERSERVICE
flyway.user = root
flyway.password = root

YAML用户可以在application.yml文件中添加以下属性。

spring:
   application:
      name: flywayapp  
   datasource: 
      driverClassName: com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
      url: "jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/USERSERVICE?autoreconnect=true"
      password: "root"
      username: "root"
      testOnBorrow: true
      testWhileIdle: true
      timeBetweenEvictionRunsMillis: 60000
      minEvictableIdleTimeMillis: 30000
      validationQuery: SELECT 1
      max-active: 15
      max-idle: 10
      max-wait: 8000
flyway:
   url: jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/mysql
   schemas: USERSERVICE
   user: "root"
   password: "root"

现在，在src/main/resources/db/migration目录下创建一个SQL文件。将SQL文件命名为“V1__Initial.sql”

CREATE TABLE USERS (ID INT AUTO_INCREMENT PRIMARY KEY, USERID VARCHAR(45));
INSERT INTO USERS (ID, USERID) VALUES (1, 'xnip.cn');

主要的Spring Boot应用程序类文件代码如下 -

package cn.xnip.flywayapp;
import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
@SpringBootApplication
public class FlywayappApplication {
   public static void main(String[] args) {
      SpringApplication.run(FlywayappApplication.class, args);
   }
}

完整的构建配置文件如下所示。

Maven – pom.xml

<?xml version = "1.0" encoding = "UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns = "http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" 
   xmlns:xsi = "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
   xsi:schemaLocation = "http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 
   http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
   <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
   <groupId>cn.xnip</groupId>
   <artifactId>flywayapp</artifactId>
   <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
   <packaging>jar</packaging>
   <name>flywayapp</name>
   <description>Demo project for Spring Boot</description>
   <parent>
      <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
      <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
      <version>1.5.9.RELEASE</version>
      <relativePath/> <!-- lookup parent from repository -->
   </parent>
   <properties>
      <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
      <project.reporting.outputEncoding>UTF-8</project.reporting.outputEncoding>
      <java.version>1.8</java.version>
   </properties>
   <dependencies>
      <dependency>
         <groupId>org.flywaydb</groupId>
         <artifactId>flyway-core</artifactId>
      </dependency>
      <dependency>
         <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
         <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-jdbc</artifactId>
      </dependency>
      <dependency>
         <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
         <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
      </dependency>
      <dependency>
         <groupId>mysql</groupId>
         <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
      </dependency>
   </dependencies>
   <build>
      <plugins>
         <plugin>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
         </plugin>
      </plugins>
   </build>
</project>

Gradle – build.gradle

buildscript {
   ext {
      springBootVersion = '1.5.9.RELEASE'
   }
   repositories {
      mavenCentral()
   }
   dependencies {
      classpath("org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-gradle-plugin:${springBootVersion}")
   }
}
apply plugin: 'java'
apply plugin: 'eclipse'
apply plugin: 'org.springframework.boot'
group = 'cn.xnip'
version = '0.0.1-SNAPSHOT'
sourceCompatibility = 1.8
repositories {
   mavenCentral()
}
dependencies {
   compile('org.flywaydb:flyway-core')
   compile('org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-starter-jdbc')
   compile('org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-starter-web')
   compile('mysql:mysql-connector-java')
   testCompile('org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-starter-test')
}

您可以创建一个可执行的JAR文件，并使用下面给出的Maven或Gradle命令运行Spring Boot应用程序 -

对于Maven，您可以使用此处显示的命令 -

mvn clean install

在“BUILD SUCCESS”之后，您可以在目标目录下找到JAR文件。

对于Gradle，您可以使用此处显示的命令 -

gradle clean build

在“BUILD SUCCESSFUL”之后，您可以在build/libs目录下找到JAR文件。

现在，使用以下命令运行JAR文件 -

 java –jar <JARFILE>

现在，Tomcat从端口8080开始，在控制台窗口中，您可以看到如此处所示的flyway数据库日志。

您现在可以转到数据库并执行选择查询。