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教你一步步搭建和运行完整的开源搜索引擎

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小牛编辑
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2023-12-01

一、需要的软件及其版本

1. Centos linux 7

2. hadoop 1.2.1

3. hbase 0.94.27

4. nutch 2.3

5. solr 4.9.1

以上参考下载地址如下:

http://isoredirect.centos.org/centos/7/isos/x86_64/CentOS-7-x86_64-DVD-1503-01.iso

https://www.apache.org/dist/hadoop/core/hadoop-1.2.1/hadoop-1.2.1.tar.gz

http://mirror.bit.edu.cn/apache/hbase/hbase-0.94.27/hbase-0.94.27.tar.gz

http://www.apache.org/dyn/closer.cgi/nutch/2.3/apache-nutch-2.3-src.tar.gz

http://archive.apache.org/dist/lucene/solr/4.9.1/solr-4.9.1.tgz

二、系统环境准备

1. 安装linux操作系统(步骤略)

2. 单独新建一个hadoop用户:useradd hadoop

3. 设置密码:passwd hadoop

4. 开启管理员权限:vi /etc/sudoers,增加一行hadoop ALL=(ALL) ALL

5. 确保配置localhost地址映射到127.0.0.1,vi /etc/hosts

6. 设置无密码登陆(百度),至ssh localhost可以实现无密码登陆

7. 确保已经安装java-1.7,并配置好JAVA_HOME环境变量,如:

export JAVA_HOME=/usr/lib/jvm/java-1.7.0-openjdk-1.7.0.75-2.5.4.2.el7_0.x86_64/

三、安装hadoop 1.2.1

1. 下载hadoop-1.2.1.tar.gz并解压到/usr/local/hadoop,修改目录权限:

sudo chown -R hadoop:hadoop hadoop

2. 创建/data/hadoop-data目录

3. 修改./conf/core-site.xml配置如下:

<configuration>
    <property>
        <name>hadoop.tmp.dir</name>
        <value>/data/hadoop-data/tmp</value>
        <description>Abase for other temporary directories.</description>
    </property>
    <property>
        <name>fs.default.name</name>
        <value>hdfs://localhost:9000</value>
    </property>
</configuration>

4. 修改conf/hadoop-env.sh中的JAVA_HOME配置如下:

export JAVA_HOME=/usr/lib/jvm/java-1.7.0-openjdk-1.7.0.75-2.5.4.2.el7_0.x86_64/

5. 修改./conf/hdfs-site.xml配置如下:

<configuration>
    <property>
        <name>dfs.replication</name>
        <value>1</value>
    </property>
</configuration>

6. 修改./conf/mapred-site.xml配置如下:

<configuration>
    <property>
        <name>mapred.job.tracker</name>
        <value>localhost:9001</value>
    </property>
</configuration>

7. 配置环境变量如下:

export HADOOP_PREFIX=/usr/local/hadoop/
export PATH=${HADOOP_PREFIX}/bin/:${PATH}

8. 格式化namenode:

hadoop namenode -format

9. 启动hadoop:

start-all.sh

10. 检查hadoop是否正确启动

hadoop fs -ls /

返回:

Found 1 items
drwxr-xr-x   – hadoop supergroup          0 2015-07-31 16:53 /data
hadoop job -list

返回:

0 jobs currently running
JobId State StartTime UserName Priority SchedulingInfo

11. tasktracker状态页面:http://localhost:50060/tasktracker.jsp

12. jobtracker状态页面:http://localhost:50030/jobtracker.jsp

13. datanode状态页面:http://localhost:50075

四、安装hbase 0.94.27

1. 下载hbase-0.94.27.tar.gz并解压到/usr/local/hbase,修改目录权限:sudo chown -R hadoop:hadoop hbase

2. 创建目录/data/hbase/zookeeper/

3. 修改./conf/hbase-env.sh中的JAVA_HOME配置如下:

export JAVA_HOME=/usr/lib/jvm/java-1.7.0-openjdk-1.7.0.75-2.5.4.2.el7_0.x86_64/

并开启:

export HBASE_MANAGES_ZK=true

4. 修改./conf/hbase-site.xml如下:

<configuration>
    <property>
        <name>hbase.rootdir</name>
        <value>hdfs://localhost:9000/hbase</value>
    </property>
    <property>
        <name>hbase.cluster.distributed</name>
        <value>true</value>
    </property>
    <property>
        <name>hbase.zookeeper.property.dataDir</name>
        <value>/data/hbase/zookeeper</value>
    </property>
</configuration>

5. 删掉./lib/hadoop-core-1.0.4.jar并从hadoop拷贝:

cp /usr/local/hadoop/hadoop-core-1.2.1.jar ./lib/

6. 启动hbase:

./bin/start-hbase.sh

7. 检验hbase正确启动:执行./bin/hbase shell启动终端并执行list结果如下:

hbase(main):002:0> list
TABLE
0 row(s) in 0.0170 seconds
hbase(main):003:0>

8. hbase的Master状态页面:http://localhost:60010/master-status

五、安装nutch 2.3

1. 下载apache-nutch-2.3-src.tar.gz并解压到/usr/local/nutch,修改目录权限:sudo chown -R hadoop:hadoop nutch

2. 修改./conf/gora.properties增加如下一行:

gora.datastore.default=org.apache.gora.hbase.store.HBaseStore

3. 修改./conf/nutch-site.xml如下:

<configuration>
    <property>
        <name>storage.data.store.class</name>
        <value>org.apache.gora.hbase.store.HBaseStore</value>
        <description>Default class for storing data</description>
    </property>
    <property>
        <name>http.agent.name</name>
        <value>My Nutch Spider</value>
    </property>
    <property>
        <name>plugin.includes</name>
        <value>protocol-httpclient|urlfilter-regex|index-(basic|more)|query-(basic|site|url|lang)|indexer-solr|nutch-extensionpoints|protocol-httpclient|urlfilter-regex|parse-(text|html|msexcel|msword|mspowerpoint|pdf)|summary-basic|scoring-opic|urlnormalizer-(pass|regex|basic)protocol-http|urlfilter-regex|parse-(html|tika|metatags)|index-(basic|anchor|more|metadata)</value>
    </property>
</configuration>

4. 修改./ivy/ivy.xml

将依赖的hadoop-core和hadoop-test的版本由1.2.0改为1.2.1

将gora-hbase依赖解除注释如下:

<dependency org=”org.apache.gora” name=”gora-hbase” rev=”0.5″ conf=”*->default” />

5. 编译:ant runtime(可能耗费很长时间,因为要下包)

六、安装solr 4.9.1

1. 下载solr-4.9.1.tar并解压到/usr/local/solr,修改目录权限:

sudo chown -R hadoop:hadoop solr

2. 进入/usr/local/solr/example,覆盖nutch的schema.xml执行:

cp /usr/local/nutch/runtime/local/conf/schema.xml solr/collection1/conf/schema.xml

3. 启动solr:

java -jar start.jar

4. 访问http://localhost:8983/solr/#/collection1/query查看solr页面

七、启动抓取并测试搜索效果

1. 进到/usr/local/nutch/runtime/local目录,创建myUrls目录并创建seed.txt文件内容为种子url,如:

http://nutch.apache.org/

2. 执行:

./bin/crawl ./myUrls/ TestCrawl http://localhost:8983/solr 2

3. 查询:在http://localhost:8983/solr/#/collection1/query检索可以看到结果