Pygame-与精灵组的精灵碰撞

Question

我在PyGame中创建了两个简单的精灵，其中一个是雨伞，另一个是雨滴。雨滴被添加到一个名为< code>all_sprites的sprite组中。伞精灵有自己的组，名为< code>Umbrella_sprite

雨滴从屏幕顶部“落下”,如果其中一个碰到雨伞/与雨伞碰撞..雨滴应该被删除了。但是除了特定雨滴之外，所有其他雨滴都受此影响。

#!/usr/bin/python
VERSION = "0.1"
import os, sys, raindrop
from os import path

try:
    import pygame
    from pygame.locals import *
except ImportError, err:
    print 'Could not load module %s' % (err)
    sys.exit(2)

# main variables
WIDTH, HEIGHT, FPS = 300, 300, 30

# initialize game
pygame.init()
screen = pygame.display.set_mode((WIDTH,HEIGHT))
pygame.display.set_caption("Rain and Rain")

# background
background = pygame.Surface(screen.get_size())
background = background.convert()
background.fill((40,44,52))

# blitting
screen.blit(background,(0,0))
pygame.display.flip()

# clock for FPS settings
clock = pygame.time.Clock()


def main():
    all_sprites = pygame.sprite.Group()
    umbrella_sprite = pygame.sprite.Group()
    # a function to create new drops
    def newDrop():
        nd = raindrop.Raindrop()
        all_sprites.add(nd)

    # creating 10 rain drops
    for x in range(0,9): newDrop()

    # variable for main loop
    running = True

    # init umbrella
    umb = raindrop.Umbrella()
#    all_sprites.add(umb)
    umbrella_sprite.add(umb)

    # event loop
    while running:
        clock.tick(FPS)
        for event in pygame.event.get():
            if event.type == pygame.QUIT:
                running = False

        for enemy in all_sprites:
            gets_hit = pygame.sprite.spritecollideany(umb, all_sprites)
            if gets_hit:
                all_sprites.remove(enemy)

        screen.blit(background,(100,100))

        # clear
        all_sprites.clear(screen,background)
        umbrella_sprite.clear(screen,background)

        # update
        all_sprites.update()
        umbrella_sprite.update()

        # draw
        all_sprites.draw(screen)
        umbrella_sprite.draw(screen)

        # flip the table
        pygame.display.flip()
    pygame.quit()

if __name__ == '__main__':
    main()

import pygame
from pygame.locals import *
from os import path
from random import randint
from rain import HEIGHT, WIDTH

img_dir = path.join(path.dirname(__file__), 'img')

class Raindrop(pygame.sprite.Sprite):
    def __init__(self):
        pygame.sprite.Sprite.__init__(self)
        self.width = randint(32, 64)
        self.height = self.width + 33
        self.image = pygame.image.load(path.join(img_dir, "raindrop.png")).convert_alpha()
        self.image = pygame.transform.scale(self.image, (self.width, self.height))
        self.speedy = randint(1, 15)
        self.rect = self.image.get_rect()
        self.rect.x = randint(0, 290)
        self.rect.y = -self.height

    def reset(self):
        self.rect.y = -self.height

    def update(self):
        self.rect.y += self.speedy
        if self.rect.y >= HEIGHT:
            self.rect.y = -self.height
            self.rect.x = randint(0, 290)

class Umbrella(pygame.sprite.Sprite):
    def __init__(self):
        pygame.sprite.Sprite.__init__(self)
        self.width = 50
        self.height = 50
        self.image = pygame.image.load(path.join(img_dir,"umbrella.png")).convert_alpha()
        self.image = pygame.transform.scale(self.image, (self.width, self.height))
        self.speedx = 10
        self.rect = self.image.get_rect()
        self.rect.x = (WIDTH/2) - self.width
        self.rect.y = (0.7 * HEIGHT)

    def update(self):
        keys = pygame.key.get_pressed()
        if keys[pygame.K_LEFT] and self.rect.x > 0:
            self.rect.x -= self.speedx
        elif keys[pygame.K_RIGHT] and self.rect.x < (WIDTH - self.width):
            self.rect.x += self.speedx

Answer 1

spritecollideany检查精灵是否与组中的任何精灵发生冲突并返回该精灵，因此只要不删除组中的冲突精灵并且执行ifgets_hit：块，gets_hit就是一个真实的值。这意味着for循环中的代码只是简单地删除组中在冲突精灵到达并删除之前出现的每个精灵。一个简单的解决方法是检查命中的精灵是否是敌人：if敌人==gets_hit：，但代码仍然效率低下，因为spritecollideany必须在for循环中一次又一次地遍历all_sprites组。

我建议使用spritecollide而不是spritecollideany，因为它更高效并且只有一行代码。

Answer 2

这就是你的问题：

for enemy in all_sprites:
    gets_hit = pygame.sprite.spritecollideany(umb, all_sprites)
    if gets_hit:
        all_sprites.remove(enemy)

您正在循环遍历该组，如果任何精灵发生冲突，请将其全部删除。

您不需要循环遍历组——碰撞函数会处理这一点。您只需要使用spritecollide函数，该函数比较精灵和组。该函数将返回冲突列表，并使用DOKILL标志自动删除它们：

        gets_hit = pygame.sprite.spritecollide(umb, all_sprites, True)