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if...else statement

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2023-12-01

if语句后面可以跟一个可选的else语句,该语句在布尔表达式为false时执行。

语法 (Syntax)

C ++中if ... else语句的语法是 -

if(boolean_expression) {
   // statement(s) will execute if the boolean expression is true
} else {
  // statement(s) will execute if the boolean expression is false
}

如果布尔表达式的计算结果为true ,那么将执行if block代码if block ,否则将执行代码else block

流程图 (Flow Diagram)

C ++ if ... else语句

例子 (Example)

#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
int main () {
   // local variable declaration:
   int a = 100;
   // check the boolean condition
   if( a < 20 ) {
      // if condition is true then print the following
      cout << "a is less than 20;" << endl;
   } else {
      // if condition is false then print the following
      cout << "a is not less than 20;" << endl;
   }
   cout << "value of a is : " << a << endl;
   return 0;
}

编译并执行上述代码时,会产生以下结果 -

a is not less than 20;
value of a is : 100

if...else if...else 语句

if语句后面可以跟一个else if...else语句,这对于使用单个if ... else if语句测试各种条件非常有用。

当使用if,else if,else语句时,要记住几点。

  • 一个if可以有零个或一个其他的,它必须在任何其他if之后。

  • 如果是的话,if可以有零到多个,并且它们必须在else之前。

  • 一旦其他成功,如果其他人或其他人将被测试,他将不会留下其他人。

语法 (Syntax)

C ++中if ... else if ... else语句的语法是 -

if(boolean_expression 1) {
   // Executes when the boolean expression 1 is true
} else if( boolean_expression 2) {
   // Executes when the boolean expression 2 is true
} else if( boolean_expression 3) {
   // Executes when the boolean expression 3 is true
} else {
   // executes when the none of the above condition is true.
}

例子 (Example)

#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
int main () {
   // local variable declaration:
   int a = 100;
   // check the boolean condition
   if( a == 10 ) {
      // if condition is true then print the following
      cout << "Value of a is 10" << endl;
   } else if( a == 20 ) {
      // if else if condition is true
      cout << "Value of a is 20" << endl;
   } else if( a == 30 ) {
      // if else if condition is true 
      cout << "Value of a is 30" << endl;
   } else {
      // if none of the conditions is true
      cout << "Value of a is not matching" << endl;
   }
   cout << "Exact value of a is : " << a << endl;
   return 0;
}

编译并执行上述代码时,会产生以下结果 -

Value of a is not matching
Exact value of a is : 100