JPA标准Having子句
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2023-03-14
HAVING子句与GROUP BY子句一起用于过滤表中的数据。 在Criteria API中,Abstract接口的having()
方法用于设置分组数据的条件。
标准Having示例
在这里,我们将在student
表上执行多个Having
操作。假设该表包含以下记录 -
DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `student`;
CREATE TABLE `student` (
`S_ID` int(11) NOT NULL,
`S_NAME` varchar(255) DEFAULT NULL,
`S_AGE` int(11) DEFAULT NULL,
PRIMARY KEY (`S_ID`)
) ENGINE=MyISAM DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8;
-- ----------------------------
-- Records of student
-- ----------------------------
INSERT INTO `student` VALUES ('101', 'Gaurav', '24');
INSERT INTO `student` VALUES ('102', 'Rahul', '22');
INSERT INTO `student` VALUES ('103', 'Chris', '20');
INSERT INTO `student` VALUES ('104', 'Ronit', '26');
INSERT INTO `student` VALUES ('105', 'Roy', '21');
现在,请按照以下步骤执行操作: -
第1步: 创建一个实体类。在com.yiibai.jpa
包下创建了StudentEntity.java
类文件。 该类包含三个属性:s_id
,s_name
,s_age
以及所有必需的注解。
文件:StudentEntity.java -
package com.yiibai.jpa;
import javax.persistence.*;
@Entity
@Table(name = "student")
public class StudentEntity {
@Id
private int s_id;
private String s_name;
private int s_age;
public StudentEntity(int s_id, String s_name, int s_age) {
super();
this.s_id = s_id;
this.s_name = s_name;
this.s_age = s_age;
}
public StudentEntity() {
super();
}
public int getS_id() {
return s_id;
}
public void setS_id(int s_id) {
this.s_id = s_id;
}
public String getS_name() {
return s_name;
}
public void setS_name(String s_name) {
this.s_name = s_name;
}
public int getS_age() {
return s_age;
}
public void setS_age(int s_age) {
this.s_age = s_age;
}
}
第2步: 将实体类和其他数据库配置映射到 persistence.xml 文件中。
文件:Persistence.xml -
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<persistence version="2.1"
xmlns="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/persistence"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/persistence http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/persistence/persistence_2_1.xsd">
<persistence-unit name="Student_details">
<class>com.yiibai.jpa.StudentEntity</class>
<properties>
<property name="javax.persistence.jdbc.driver"
value="com.mysql.jdbc.Driver" />
<property name="javax.persistence.jdbc.url"
value="jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/testdb?serverTimezone=UTC" />
<property name="javax.persistence.jdbc.user" value="root" />
<property name="javax.persistence.jdbc.password"
value="123456" />
<property name="eclipselink.logging.level" value="SEVERE" />
<property name="eclipselink.ddl-generation"
value="create-or-extend-tables" />
</properties>
</persistence-unit>
</persistence>
这里,我们创建了基本实体类并将配置映射到persistence.xml 文件中,可以通过以下方式执行不同类型的GROUP BY
排序操作 -
在这里,我们将通过一个简单的示例演示如何从数据库指定HAVING条件查询获取分组后符合条件的数据。
文件:StudentHaving.java -
package com.yiibai.jpa.jpql;
import com.yiibai.jpa.StudentEntity;
import javax.persistence.*;
import javax.persistence.criteria.*;
import java.util.*;
public class StudentHaving {
public static void main(String args[]) {
EntityManagerFactory emf = Persistence.createEntityManagerFactory("Student_details");
EntityManager em = emf.createEntityManager();
em.getTransaction().begin();
CriteriaBuilder cb = em.getCriteriaBuilder();
CriteriaQuery<Object[]> cq = cb.createQuery(Object[].class);
Root<StudentEntity> stud = cq.from(StudentEntity.class);
cq.multiselect(stud.get("s_age"), cb.count(stud)).groupBy(stud.get("s_age"))
.having(cb.ge(stud.get("s_age"), 24));
System.out.print("s_age");
System.out.println("\t Count");
List<Object[]> list = em.createQuery(cq).getResultList();
for (Object[] object : list) {
System.out.println(object[0] + " " + object[1]);
}
em.getTransaction().commit();
em.close();
emf.close();
}
}
执行上面代码,得到以下输出结果 -
s_age Count
24 1
26 1