2.5.0 构建一个可复用的自定义BaseAdapter
本节引言:
如题,本节给大家带来的是构建一个可复用的自定义BaseAdapter,我们每每涉及到ListView GridView等其他的Adapter控件,都需要自己另外写一个BaseAdapter类,这样显得非常麻烦, 又比如,我们想在一个界面显示两个ListView的话,我们也是需要些两个BaseAdapter... 这,程序员都是喜欢偷懒的哈,这节我们就来写一个可复用的自定义BaseAdapter类~
1.我们一点点开始改:
首先我们把上节写的自定义BaseAdapter贴下,等下我们就要对他进行升级改造
/** * Created by Jay on 2015/9/21 0021. */ public class MyAdapter extends BaseAdapter { private Context mContext; private LinkedList<Data> mData; public MyAdapter() { } public MyAdapter(LinkedList<Data> mData, Context mContext) { this.mData = mData; this.mContext = mContext; } @Override public int getCount() { return mData.size(); } @Override public Object getItem(int position) { return null; } @Override public long getItemId(int position) { return position; } @Override public View getView(int position, View convertView, ViewGroup parent) { ViewHolder holder = null; if (convertView == null) { convertView = LayoutInflater.from(mContext).inflate(R.layout.item_list, parent, false); holder = new ViewHolder(); holder.img_icon = (ImageView) convertView.findViewById(R.id.img_icon); holder.txt_content = (TextView) convertView.findViewById(R.id.txt_content); convertView.setTag(holder); } else { holder = (ViewHolder) convertView.getTag(); } holder.img_icon.setImageResource(mData.get(position).getImgId()); holder.txt_content.setText(mData.get(position).getContent()); return convertView; } //添加一个元素 public void add(Data data) { if (mData == null) { mData = new LinkedList<>(); } mData.add(data); notifyDataSetChanged(); } //往特定位置,添加一个元素 public void add(int position,Data data){ if (mData == null) { mData = new LinkedList<>(); } mData.add(position, data); notifyDataSetChanged(); } public void remove(Data data) { if(mData != null) { mData.remove(data); } notifyDataSetChanged(); } public void remove(int position) { if(mData != null) { mData.remove(position); } notifyDataSetChanged(); } public void clear() { if(mData != null) { mData.clear(); } notifyDataSetChanged(); } private class ViewHolder { ImageView img_icon; TextView txt_content; } }
升级1:将Entity设置成泛型
好的,毕竟我们传递过来的Entitiy实体类可能千奇百怪,比如有Person,Book,Wether等,所以我们 将Entity设置成泛型,修改后的代码如下:
public class MyAdapter<T> extends BaseAdapter { private Context mContext; private LinkedList<T> mData; public MyAdapter() { } public MyAdapter(LinkedList<T> mData, Context mContext) { this.mData = mData; this.mContext = mContext; } @Override public int getCount() { return mData.size(); } @Override public Object getItem(int position) { return null; } @Override public long getItemId(int position) { return position; } @Override public View getView(int position, View convertView, ViewGroup parent) { ViewHolder holder = null; if (convertView == null) { convertView = LayoutInflater.from(mContext).inflate(R.layout.item_list, parent, false); holder = new ViewHolder(); holder.img_icon = (ImageView) convertView.findViewById(R.id.img_icon); holder.txt_content = (TextView) convertView.findViewById(R.id.txt_content); convertView.setTag(holder); } else { holder = (ViewHolder) convertView.getTag(); } holder.img_icon.setImageResource(mData.get(position).getImgId()); holder.txt_content.setText(mData.get(position).getContent()); return convertView; } //添加一个元素 public void add(T data) { if (mData == null) { mData = new LinkedList<>(); } mData.add(data); notifyDataSetChanged(); } //往特定位置,添加一个元素 public void add(int position,T data){ if (mData == null) { mData = new LinkedList<>(); } mData.add(position, data); notifyDataSetChanged(); } public void remove(T data) { if(mData != null) { mData.remove(data); } notifyDataSetChanged(); } public void remove(int position) { if(mData != null) { mData.remove(position); } notifyDataSetChanged(); } public void clear() { if(mData != null) { mData.clear(); } notifyDataSetChanged(); } private class ViewHolder { ImageView img_icon; TextView txt_content; } }
好的,上面我们做的事仅仅是将Data类型换成了泛型T!
升级2:ViewHolder类的升级改造:
我们先来看看前面我们的ViewHolder干了什么? 答:findViewById,设置控件状态; 下面我们想在完成这个基础上,将getView()方法大部分的逻辑写到ViewHolder类里, 这个ViewHolder要做的事:
- 定义一个查找控件的方法,我们的思路是通过暴露公共的方法,调用方法时传递过来 控件id,以及设置的内容,比如TextView设置文本: public ViewHolder setText(int id, CharSequence text){文本设置}
- 将convertView复用部分搬到这里,那就需要传递一个context对象了,我们把需要获取 的部分都写到构造方法中!
- 写一堆设置方法(public),比如设置文字大小颜色,图片背景等!
好的,接下来我们就来一步步改造我们的ViewHolder类
1)相关参数与构造方法:
public static class ViewHolder { private SparseArray<View> mViews; //存储ListView 的 item中的View private View item; //存放convertView private int position; //游标 private Context context; //Context上下文 //构造方法,完成相关初始化 private ViewHolder(Context context, ViewGroup parent, int layoutRes) { mViews = new SparseArray<>(); this.context = context; View convertView = LayoutInflater.from(context).inflate(layoutRes, parent,false); convertView.setTag(this); item = convertView; } ImageView img_icon; TextView txt_content; }
2)绑定ViewHolder与Item
在上面的基础上我们再添加一个绑定的方法
//绑定ViewHolder与item public static ViewHolder bind(Context context, View convertView, ViewGroup parent, int layoutRes, int position) { ViewHolder holder; if(convertView == null) { holder = new ViewHolder(context, parent, layoutRes); } else { holder = (ViewHolder) convertView.getTag(); holder.item = convertView; } holder.position = position; return holder; }
3)根据id获取集合中保存的控件
public <T extends View> T getView(int id) { T t = (T) mViews.get(id); if(t == null) { t = (T) item.findViewById(id); mViews.put(id, t); } return t; }
4) 接着我们再定义一堆暴露出来的方法
/** * 获取当前条目 */ public View getItemView() { return item; } /** * 获取条目位置 */ public int getItemPosition() { return position; } /** * 设置文字 */ public ViewHolder setText(int id, CharSequence text) { View view = getView(id); if(view instanceof TextView) { ((TextView) view).setText(text); } return this; } /** * 设置图片 */ public ViewHolder setImageResource(int id, int drawableRes) { View view = getView(id); if(view instanceof ImageView) { ((ImageView) view).setImageResource(drawableRes); } else { view.setBackgroundResource(drawableRes); } return this; } /** * 设置点击监听 */ public ViewHolder setOnClickListener(int id, View.OnClickListener listener) { getView(id).setOnClickListener(listener); return this; } /** * 设置可见 */ public ViewHolder setVisibility(int id, int visible) { getView(id).setVisibility(visible); return this; } /** * 设置标签 */ public ViewHolder setTag(int id, Object obj) { getView(id).setTag(obj); return this; } //其他方法可自行扩展
好的,ViewHolder的改造升级完成~
升级3:定义一个抽象方法,完成ViewHolder与Data数据集的绑定
public abstract void bindView(ViewHolder holder, T obj);
我们创建新的BaseAdapter的时候,实现这个方法就好,另外,别忘了把我们自定义 的BaseAdapter改成abstact抽象的!
升级4:修改getView()部分的内容
@Override public View getView(int position, View convertView, ViewGroup parent) { ViewHolder holder = ViewHolder.bind(parent.getContext(), convertView, parent, mLayoutRes , position); bindView(holder,getItem(position)); return holder.getItemView(); }
2.升级完毕,我们写代码来体验下:
我们要实现的效果图:
就是上面有两个列表,布局不一样,但是我只使用一个BaseAdapter类来完成上述效果!
关键代码如下:
MainActivity.java:
public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity { private Context mContext; private ListView list_book; private ListView list_app; private MyAdapter<App> myAdapter1 = null; private MyAdapter<Book> myAdapter2 = null; private List<App> mData1 = null; private List<Book> mData2 = null; @Override protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) { super.onCreate(savedInstanceState); setContentView(R.layout.activity_main); mContext = MainActivity.this; init(); } private void init() { list_book = (ListView) findViewById(R.id.list_book); list_app = (ListView) findViewById(R.id.list_app); //数据初始化 mData1 = new ArrayList<App>(); mData1.add(new App(R.mipmap.iv_icon_baidu,"百度")); mData1.add(new App(R.mipmap.iv_icon_douban,"豆瓣")); mData1.add(new App(R.mipmap.iv_icon_zhifubao,"支付宝")); mData2 = new ArrayList<Book>(); mData2.add(new Book("《第一行代码Android》","郭霖")); mData2.add(new Book("《Android群英传》","徐宜生")); mData2.add(new Book("《Android开发艺术探索》","任玉刚")); //Adapter初始化 myAdapter1 = new MyAdapter<App>((ArrayList)mData1,R.layout.item_one) { @Override public void bindView(ViewHolder holder, App obj) { holder.setImageResource(R.id.img_icon,obj.getaIcon()); holder.setText(R.id.txt_aname,obj.getaName()); } }; myAdapter2 = new MyAdapter<Book>((ArrayList)mData2,R.layout.item_two) { @Override public void bindView(ViewHolder holder, Book obj) { holder.setText(R.id.txt_bname,obj.getbName()); holder.setText(R.id.txt_bauthor,obj.getbAuthor()); } }; //ListView设置下Adapter: list_book.setAdapter(myAdapter2); list_app.setAdapter(myAdapter1); } }
我们写的可复用的BaseAdapter的使用就如上面所述~
3.代码示例下载:
ListViewDemo4.zip
贴下最后写好的MyAdapter类吧,可根据自己的需求进行扩展:
MyAdapter.java:
/** * Created by Jay on 2015/9/22 0022. */ public abstract class MyAdapter<T> extends BaseAdapter { private ArrayList<T> mData; private int mLayoutRes; //布局id public MyAdapter() { } public MyAdapter(ArrayList<T> mData, int mLayoutRes) { this.mData = mData; this.mLayoutRes = mLayoutRes; } @Override public int getCount() { return mData != null ? mData.size() : 0; } @Override public T getItem(int position) { return mData.get(position); } @Override public long getItemId(int position) { return position; } @Override public View getView(int position, View convertView, ViewGroup parent) { ViewHolder holder = ViewHolder.bind(parent.getContext(), convertView, parent, mLayoutRes , position); bindView(holder, getItem(position)); return holder.getItemView(); } public abstract void bindView(ViewHolder holder, T obj); //添加一个元素 public void add(T data) { if (mData == null) { mData = new ArrayList<>(); } mData.add(data); notifyDataSetChanged(); } //往特定位置,添加一个元素 public void add(int position, T data) { if (mData == null) { mData = new ArrayList<>(); } mData.add(position, data); notifyDataSetChanged(); } public void remove(T data) { if (mData != null) { mData.remove(data); } notifyDataSetChanged(); } public void remove(int position) { if (mData != null) { mData.remove(position); } notifyDataSetChanged(); } public void clear() { if (mData != null) { mData.clear(); } notifyDataSetChanged(); } public static class ViewHolder { private SparseArray<View> mViews; //存储ListView 的 item中的View private View item; //存放convertView private int position; //游标 private Context context; //Context上下文 //构造方法,完成相关初始化 private ViewHolder(Context context, ViewGroup parent, int layoutRes) { mViews = new SparseArray<>(); this.context = context; View convertView = LayoutInflater.from(context).inflate(layoutRes, parent, false); convertView.setTag(this); item = convertView; } //绑定ViewHolder与item public static ViewHolder bind(Context context, View convertView, ViewGroup parent, int layoutRes, int position) { ViewHolder holder; if (convertView == null) { holder = new ViewHolder(context, parent, layoutRes); } else { holder = (ViewHolder) convertView.getTag(); holder.item = convertView; } holder.position = position; return holder; } @SuppressWarnings("unchecked") public <T extends View> T getView(int id) { T t = (T) mViews.get(id); if (t == null) { t = (T) item.findViewById(id); mViews.put(id, t); } return t; } /** * 获取当前条目 */ public View getItemView() { return item; } /** * 获取条目位置 */ public int getItemPosition() { return position; } /** * 设置文字 */ public ViewHolder setText(int id, CharSequence text) { View view = getView(id); if (view instanceof TextView) { ((TextView) view).setText(text); } return this; } /** * 设置图片 */ public ViewHolder setImageResource(int id, int drawableRes) { View view = getView(id); if (view instanceof ImageView) { ((ImageView) view).setImageResource(drawableRes); } else { view.setBackgroundResource(drawableRes); } return this; } /** * 设置点击监听 */ public ViewHolder setOnClickListener(int id, View.OnClickListener listener) { getView(id).setOnClickListener(listener); return this; } /** * 设置可见 */ public ViewHolder setVisibility(int id, int visible) { getView(id).setVisibility(visible); return this; } /** * 设置标签 */ public ViewHolder setTag(int id, Object obj) { getView(id).setTag(obj); return this; } //其他方法可自行扩展 } }
本节小结:
本节给大家介绍了如何来实现一个可供复用的BaseAdapter,当然大家可以在这个的基础上根据 自己的需求进行修改,比如通过异步设置网络图片等~改代码是参考鸿洋大神的视频写的: 视频链接:Android-打造万能适配器 另外,实际编写中遇到一些问题,非常感谢Berial(B神)的耐心点拨~ ありがとうございます~