查看和打印（View & Print）

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2023-12-01

报表填充过程JasperPrint objects的输出可以使用内置的查看器组件查看，或打印，或导出为更流行的文档格式，如PDF，HTML，RTF，XLS，ODT，CSV或XML。本章将讨论查看和打印Jasper文档，下一章将讨论导出，即“导出报告”。

查看报告

JasperReport提供了一个内置的查看器，用于以原始格式查看生成的报告。它是一个基于swing的组件，其他Java应用程序可以集成此组件，而无需将文档导出为其他格式以便查看或打印。 net.sf.jasperreports.view.JRViewer类表示此可视组件。也可以根据应用程序的需要，通过对其进行子类化来定制此类。

JasperReports还有一个Swing应用程序，它使用可视组件查看报告。此应用程序有助于以与生成* .jrprint相同的格式查看报告。此Swing应用程序在类net.sf.jasperreports.view.JasperViewer 。要使用此类查看报告，我们需要将其包装到ANT目标中。

查看生成的报告

以下示例演示了如何使用JasperViewer类查看报表 -

我们来写一份报告模板。 JRXML文件（C:\tools\jasperreports-5.0.1\test\jasper_report_template.jrxml）的内容如下所示 -

<?xml version = "1.0" encoding = "UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE jasperReport PUBLIC "//JasperReports//DTD Report Design//EN"
   "http://jasperreports.sourceforge.net/dtds/jasperreport.dtd">
<jasperReport xmlns = "http://jasperreports.sourceforge.net/jasperreports"
   xmlns:xsi = "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
   xsi:schemaLocation = "http://jasperreports.sourceforge.net/jasperreports
   http://jasperreports.sourceforge.net/xsd/jasperreport.xsd"
   name = "jasper_report_template" language = "groovy" pageWidth = "595"
   pageHeight = "842" columnWidth = "555" leftMargin = "20" rightMargin = "20"
   topMargin = "20" bottomMargin = "20">
   <queryString>
      <![CDATA[]]>
   </queryString>
   <field name = "country" class = "java.lang.String">
      <fieldDescription><![CDATA[country]]></fieldDescription>
   </field>
   <field name = "name" class = "java.lang.String">
      <fieldDescription><![CDATA[name]]></fieldDescription>
   </field>
   <columnHeader>
      <band height = "23">
         <staticText>
            <reportElement mode = "Opaque" x = "0" y = "3" 
               width = "535" height = "15" backcolor = "#70A9A9" />
            <box>
               <bottomPen lineWidth = "1.0" lineColor = "#CCCCCC" />
            </box>
            <textElement />
            <text><![CDATA[]]> </text>
         </staticText>
         <staticText>
            <reportElement x = "414" y = "3" width = "121" height = "15" />
            <textElement textAlignment = "Center" verticalAlignment = "Middle">
               <font isBold = "true" />
            </textElement>
            <text><![CDATA[Country]]></text>
         </staticText>
         <staticText>
            <reportElement x = "0" y = "3" width = "136" height = "15" />
            <textElement textAlignment = "Center" verticalAlignment = "Middle">
               <font isBold = "true" />
            </textElement>
            <text><![CDATA[Name]]></text>
         </staticText>
      </band>
   </columnHeader>
   <detail>
      <band height = "16">
         <staticText>
            <reportElement mode = "Opaque" x = "0" y = "0" 
               width = "535" height = "14" backcolor = "#E5ECF9" />
            <box>
               <bottomPen lineWidth = "0.25" lineColor = "#CCCCCC" />
            </box>
            <textElement />
            <text><![CDATA[]]> </text>
         </staticText>
         <textField>
            <reportElement x = "414" y = "0" width = "121" height = "15" />
            <textElement textAlignment = "Center" verticalAlignment = "Middle">
               <font size = "9" />
            </textElement>
            <textFieldExpression class = "java.lang.String">
               <![CDATA[$F{country}]]>
            </textFieldExpression>
         </textField>
         <textField>
            <reportElement x = "0" y = "0" width = "136" height = "15" />
            <textElement textAlignment = "Center" verticalAlignment = "Middle" />
            <textFieldExpression class = "java.lang.String">
               <![CDATA[$F{name}]]>
            </textFieldExpression>
         </textField>
      </band>
   </detail>
</jasperReport>

接下来，让我们将一组Java数据对象（Java bean）传递给JasperReports Engine，以填充此编译报告。

编写POJO DataBean.java，它表示数据对象（Java bean）。该类定义了两个String对象，即“name”和“country”。将其保存到目录C:\tools\jasperreports-5.0.1\test\src\com\xnip 。

package cn.xnip;
public class DataBean {
   private String name;
   private String country;
   public String getName() {
      return name;
   }
   public void setName(String name) {
      this.name = name;
   }
   public String getCountry() {
      return country;
   }
   public void setCountry(String country) {
      this.country = country;
   }
}

编写一个DataBeanList.java类，它具有生成java bean对象集合的业务逻辑。这将进一步传递给JasperReports引擎，以生成报告。在这里，我们在List中添加4个DataBean对象。将其保存到目录C:\tools\jasperreports-5.0.1\test\src\com\xnip 。

package cn.xnip;
import java.util.ArrayList;
public class DataBeanList {
   public ArrayList<DataBean> getDataBeanList() {
      ArrayList<DataBean> dataBeanList = new ArrayList<DataBean>();
      dataBeanList.add(produce("Manisha", "India"));
      dataBeanList.add(produce("Dennis Ritchie", "USA"));
      dataBeanList.add(produce("V.Anand", "India"));
      dataBeanList.add(produce("Shrinath", "California"));
      return dataBeanList;
   }
   /**
    * This method returns a DataBean object,
    * with name and country set in it.
    */
   private DataBean produce(String name, String country) {
      DataBean dataBean = new DataBean();
      dataBean.setName(name);
      dataBean.setCountry(country);
      return dataBean;
   }
}

编写一个主类文件JasperReportFill.java ，它从类（DataBeanList）获取java bean集合并将其传递给JasperReports引擎，以填充报告模板。将其保存到目录C:\tools\jasperreports-5.0.1\test\src\com\xnip 。

package cn.xnip;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Map;
import net.sf.jasperreports.engine.JRException;
import net.sf.jasperreports.engine.JasperFillManager;
import net.sf.jasperreports.engine.data.JRBeanCollectionDataSource;
public class JasperReportFill {
   @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
   public static void main(String[] args) {
      String sourceFileName = 
         "c://tools/jasperreports-5.0.1/test/jasper_report_template.jasper";
      DataBeanList DataBeanList = new DataBeanList();
      ArrayList<DataBean> dataList = DataBeanList.getDataBeanList();
      JRBeanCollectionDataSource beanColDataSource = new 
         JRBeanCollectionDataSource(dataList);
      Map parameters = new HashMap();
      try {
         JasperFillManager.fillReportToFile( 
            sourceFileName, parameters, beanColDataSource);
      } catch (JRException e) {
         e.printStackTrace();
      }
   }
}

让我们将目标viewFillReport写入build.xml文件。 build.xml文件如下 -

导入文件 - baseBuild.xml是从环境设置一章中挑选出来的，应该与build.xml放在同一目录中。

<?xml version = "1.0" encoding = "UTF-8"?>
<project name = "JasperReportTest" default = "viewFillReport" basedir = ".">
   <import file = "baseBuild.xml"/>
   <target name = "viewFillReport" depends = "compile,compilereportdesing,run"
      description = "Launches the report viewer
      to preview the report stored in the .JRprint file.">
      <java classname = "net.sf.jasperreports.view.JasperViewer" fork = "true">
         <arg value = "-F${file.name}.JRprint" />
         <classpath refid = "classpath" />
      </java>
   </target>
   <target name = "compilereportdesing" description = "Compiles the JXML file and
      produces the .jasper file.">
      <taskdef name = "jrc"
         classname = "net.sf.jasperreports.ant.JRAntCompileTask">
         <classpath refid = "classpath" />
      </taskdef>
      <jrc destdir = ".">
         <src>
            <fileset dir = ".">
               <include name = "*.jrxml" />
            </fileset>
         </src>
         <classpath refid = "classpath" />
      </jrc>
   </target>
</project>

接下来，让我们打开命令行窗口并转到build.xml所在的目录。最后，执行命令ant -Dmain-class=cn.xnip.JasperReportFill （viewFillReport是默认目标）。结果，我们看到一个JasperViewer窗口，如下面的屏幕所示 -

打印报告

我们可以使用net.sf.jasperreports.engine.JasperPrintManager类打印JasperReports库生成的文档（以其专有格式，即JasperPrint对象）。这是一个依赖于Java 2 Printing API的外观类。一旦将JasperReport文档导出为其他格式（如HTML或PDF），我们也可以打印文档。

打印生成的报告

以下代码演示了报表的打印。让我们更新现有的JasperReportFill类。我们将使用JasperPrintManager.printReport()方法。这个方法获取源文件名（这里我们传递.jrprint文件，我们在上一步中使用JasperFillManager.fillReportToFile（）方法生成）作为第一个参数。第二个参数是用于显示标准打印对话框的布尔值（我们在此处将其设置为true ）。

package cn.xnip;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Map;
import net.sf.jasperreports.engine.JRException;
import net.sf.jasperreports.engine.JasperFillManager;
import net.sf.jasperreports.engine.JasperPrintManager;
import net.sf.jasperreports.engine.data.JRBeanCollectionDataSource;
public class JasperReportFill {
   @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
   public static void main(String[] args) {
      String sourceFileName = "c://tools/jasperreports-5.0.1/" +
         "test/jasper_report_template.jasper";
      String printFileName = null;
      DataBeanList DataBeanList = new DataBeanList();
      ArrayList<DataBean> dataList = DataBeanList.getDataBeanList();
      JRBeanCollectionDataSource beanColDataSource = new 
         JRBeanCollectionDataSource(dataList);
      Map parameters = new HashMap();
      try {
    	   printFileName = JasperFillManager.fillReportToFile( 
            sourceFileName, parameters, beanColDataSource);
         if(printFileName != null){
            JasperPrintManager.printReport( printFileName, true);
         }
      } catch (JRException e) {
         e.printStackTrace();
      }
   }
}

现在，让我们将此文件保存到目录C:\tools\jasperreports-5.0.1\test\src\com\xnip 。我们将使用ANT编译并执行此文件。 build.xml的内容如下所示 -

<?xml version = "1.0" encoding = "UTF-8"?>
<project name = "JasperReportTest" default = "executereport" basedir = ".">
   <import file = "baseBuild.xml"/>
   <target name = "executereport" depends = "compile,compilereportdesing,run">
      <echo message = "Im here"/>
   </target>
   <target name = "compilereportdesing" description = "Compiles the JXML file and
      produces the .jasper file.">
      <taskdef name = "jrc"
         classname = "net.sf.jasperreports.ant.JRAntCompileTask">
         <classpath refid = "classpath" />
      </taskdef>
      <jrc destdir = ".">
         <src>
            <fileset dir = ".">
               <include name = "*.jrxml" />
            </fileset>
         </src>
         <classpath refid = "classpath" />
      </jrc>
   </target>
</project>

接下来，让我们打开命令提示符并转到build.xml所在的目录。最后，执行命令ant -Dmain-class=cn.xnip.JasperReportPrint 。结果，出现打印对话框。单击“确定”以打印文档。