检查详细示例（Check Detailed Example）6

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2023-12-01

action标签允许程序员从视图页面执行操作。他们可以通过指定操作名称来实现此目的。他们可以将“executeResult”参数设置为“true”以直接在视图中呈现结果。或者，他们可以将此参数设置为“false”，但可以使用action方法公开的请求属性。

创建Action类 (Create Action Class)

package cn.xnip.struts2;
public class HelloWorldAction {
   private String name;
   public String execute() throws Exception {
      return "success";
   }
   public String getName() {
      return name;
   }
   public void setName(String name) {
      this.name = name;
   }
}

创建视图 (Create Views)

让我们使用HelloWorld.jsp来演示generator标签的使用 -

<%@ page contentType = "text/html; charset = UTF-8" %>
<%@ taglib prefix = "s" uri = "/struts-tags" %>
<html>
   <head>
      <title>Hello World</title>
   </head>
   <body>
      <h2>Example of Generator Tag</h2>
      <h3>The colours of rainbow:</h3>
      <s:generator val = "%{'Violet,Indigo,Blue,
         Green,Yellow,Orange,Red '}" count = "7" separator = ",">
         <s:iterator>
            <s:property /><br/>
         </s:iterator>
      </s:generator>	
   </body>
</html>

接下来让我们为employees.jsp提供以下内容 -

<%@ page contentType = "text/html; charset = UTF-8"%>
<%@ taglib prefix = "s" uri = "/struts-tags"%>
<html>
   <head>
      <title>Employees</title>
   </head>
   <body>
      <s:action name = "hello" executeresult = "true">
         Output from Hello:  <br />
      </s:action>
   </body>
</html>

配置文件 (Configuration Files)

你的struts.xml看起来应该像 -

<?xml version = "1.0" Encoding = "UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE struts PUBLIC
   "-//Apache Software Foundation//DTD Struts Configuration 2.0//EN"
   "http://struts.apache.org/dtds/struts-2.0.dtd">
<struts>
   <constant name = "struts.devMode" value = "true" />
   <package name = "helloworld" extends = "struts-default">
      <action name = "hello" 
         class = "cn.xnip.struts2.HelloWorldAction" 
         method = "execute">
         <result name = "success">/HelloWorld.jsp</result>
      </action>
      <action name = "employee" 
         class = "cn.xnip.struts2.Employee" 
         method = "execute">
         <result name = "success">/employee.jsp</result>
      </action>
   </package>
</struts>

您的web.xml应该如下所示 -

<?xml version = "1.0" Encoding = "UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns:xsi = "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
   xmlns = "http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee" 
   xmlns:web = "http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd"
   xsi:schemaLocation = "http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee 
   http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_0.xsd"
   id = "WebApp_ID" version = "3.0">
   <display-name>Struts 2</display-name>
   <welcome-file-list>
      <welcome-file>index.jsp</welcome-file>
   </welcome-file-list>
   <filter>
      <filter-name>struts2</filter-name>
      <filter-class>
         org.apache.struts2.dispatcher.FilterDispatcher
      </filter-class>
   </filter>
   <filter-mapping>
      <filter-name>struts2</filter-name>
      <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
   </filter-mapping>
</web-app>

右键单击项目名称，然后单击“ Export 》 WAR File以创建War文件。然后在Tomcat的webapps目录中部署此WAR。最后，启动Tomcat服务器并尝试访问URL http://localhost:8080/HelloWorldStruts2/employee.action 。这将产生以下屏幕 -

正如您在此示例中所看到的，我们已将executeResult的值指定为“true”。因此，hello.action的结果直接在页面中呈现。 HelloWorld.jsp打印彩虹的颜色 - 现在在employee.jsp中呈现

现在，让我们稍微修改一下HelloWorldAction.java -

package cn.xnip.struts2;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;
import org.apache.struts2.ServletActionContext;
public class HelloWorldAction {
   private String name;
   public String execute() {
      List names = new ArrayList();
      names.add("Robert");
      names.add("Page");
      names.add("Kate");
      ServletActionContext.getRequest().setAttribute("names", names);
      return "success";
   }
   public String getName() {
      return name;
   }
   public void setName(String name) {
      this.name = name;
   }
}

最后，修改employee.jsp如下 -

<%@ page contentType = "text/html; charset = UTF-8"%>
<%@ taglib prefix = "s" uri = "/struts-tags"%>
<html>
   <head>
      <title>Employees</title>
   </head>
   <body>
      <s:action name = "hello" executeresult = "false">
         Output from Hello:  <br />
      </s:action>
      <s:iterator value = "#attr.names">
         <s:property /><br />
      </s:iterator>
   </body>
</html>

再次，右键单击项目名称，然后单击“ Export 》 WAR File以创建War文件。然后在Tomcat的webapps目录中部署此WAR。最后，启动Tomcat服务器并尝试访问URL http://localhost:8080/HelloWorldStruts2/employee.action 。这将产生以下屏幕 -