OpenGL延迟像素化照明

Question

我正在为体素游戏开发一个3通道延迟照明系统，但是我在像素化照明和环境遮挡方面有问题。

第一阶段将屏幕上每个像素的颜色、位置和法线渲染成单独的纹理。这部分工作正常：

第二个着色器为屏幕上的每个像素计算环境光遮挡值，并将其渲染为纹理。此部分工作不正常，已像素化：

原始遮挡数据：

第三个着色器使用颜色、位置、法线和遮挡纹理将游戏场景渲染到屏幕上。这一阶段的照明也是像素化的：

SSAO（第二遍）片段着色器来自www. LearnOpenGL. com屏幕空间环境遮挡教程：

out float FragColor;

layout (binding = 0) uniform sampler2D gPosition; // World space position
layout (binding = 1) uniform sampler2D gNormal; // Normalised normal values
layout (binding = 2) uniform sampler2D texNoise;

uniform vec3 samples[64]; // 64 random precalculated vectors (-0.1 to 0.1 magnitude)
uniform mat4 projection;

float kernelSize = 64;
float radius = 1.5;

in vec2 TexCoords;

const vec2 noiseScale = vec2(1600.0/4.0, 900.0/4.0);

void main()
{
    vec4 n = texture(gNormal, TexCoords);

    // The alpha value of the normal is used to determine whether to apply SSAO to this pixel
    if (int(n.a) > 0)
    {
        vec3 normal = normalize(n.rgb);
        vec3 fragPos = texture(gPosition, TexCoords).xyz;
        vec3 randomVec = normalize(texture(texNoise, TexCoords * noiseScale).xyz);

        // Some maths. I don't understand this bit, it's from www.learnopengl.com
        vec3 tangent = normalize(randomVec - normal * dot(randomVec, normal));
        vec3 bitangent = cross(normal, tangent);
        mat3 TBN = mat3(tangent, bitangent, normal);

        float occlusion = 0.0;

        // Test 64 points around the pixel
        for (int i = 0; i < kernelSize; i++)
        {
            vec3 sam = fragPos + TBN * samples[i] * radius;

            vec4 offset = projection * vec4(sam, 1.0);
            offset.xyz = (offset.xyz / offset.w) * 0.5 + 0.5;

            // If the normal's are different, increase the occlusion value
            float l = length(normal - texture(gNormal, offset.xy).rgb);
            occlusion += l * 0.3;
        }

        occlusion = 1 - (occlusion / kernelSize);
        FragColor = occlusion;
    }
}

照明和最终片段着色器：

out vec4 FragColor;

in vec2 texCoords;

layout (binding = 0) uniform sampler2D gColor; // Colour of each pixel
layout (binding = 1) uniform sampler2D gPosition; // World-space position of each pixel
layout (binding = 2) uniform sampler2D gNormal; // Normalised normal of each pixel
layout (binding = 3) uniform sampler2D gSSAO; // Red channel contains occlusion value of each pixel

// Each of these textures are 300 wide and 2 tall.
// The first row contains light positions. The second row contains light colours.

uniform sampler2D playerLightData; // Directional lights
uniform sampler2D mapLightData; // Spherical lights

uniform float worldBrightness;

// Amount of player and map lights
uniform float playerLights;
uniform float mapLights;

void main()
{
    vec4 n = texture(gNormal, texCoords);

    // BlockData: a = 4
    // ModelData: a = 2
    // SkyboxData: a = 0;

    // Don't do lighting calculations on the skybox
    if (int(n.a) > 0)
    {
        vec3 Normal = n.rgb;
        vec3 FragPos = texture(gPosition, texCoords).rgb;
        vec3 Albedo = texture(gColor, texCoords).rgb;

        vec3 lighting = Albedo * worldBrightness * texture(gSSAO, texCoords).r;

        for (int i = 0; i < playerLights; i++)
        {
            vec3 pos = texelFetch(playerLightData, ivec2(i, 0), 0).rgb;

            vec3 direction = pos - FragPos;
            float l = length(direction);

            if (l < 40)
            {
                // Direction of the light to the position
                vec3 spotDir = normalize(direction);

                // Angle of the cone of the light
                float angle = dot(spotDir, -normalize(texelFetch(playerLightData, ivec2(i, 1), 0).rgb));

                // Crop the cone
                if (angle >= 0.95)
                {
                    float fade = (angle - 0.95) * 40;
                    lighting += (40.0 - l) / 40.0 * max(dot(Normal, spotDir), 0.0) * Albedo * fade;
                }
            }
        }

        for (int i = 0; i < mapLights; i++)
        {
            // Compare this pixel's position with the light's position
            vec3 difference = texelFetch(mapLightData, ivec2(i, 0), 0).rgb - FragPos;
            float l = length(difference);

            if (l < 7.0)
            {
                lighting += (7.0 - l) / 7.0 * max(dot(Normal, normalize(difference)), 0.0) * Albedo * texelFetch(mapLightData, ivec2(i, 1), 0).rgb;
            } 
        }

        FragColor = vec4(lighting, 1.0);
    }
    else
    {
        FragColor = vec4(texture(gColor, texCoords).rgb, 1.0);
    }
}

游戏中每个方块的大小是1x1（世界空间大小）。我试着把这些面分成更小的三角形，如下所示，但是没有太大的明显差异。

如何提高照明和SSAO数据的分辨率以减少这些像素化的伪影？提前谢谢你

Answer 1

好消息！多亏了GameDev stack exchange的一些升级，我能够通过将位置缓冲区的分辨率从GL_RGBA16F升级到GL_RGBA32F来解决这个问题。

以下是他的答案。