读取和写入文本文件(Reading from and Writing into Text files)
StreamReader和StreamWriter类用于读取和写入文本文件的数据。 这些类继承自抽象基类Stream,它支持将字节读写到文件流中。
StreamReader类
StreamReader类还继承自抽象基类TextReader,它表示用于读取一系列字符的阅读器。 下表描述了StreamReader类的一些常用methods -
Sr.No. | 方法名称和目的 |
---|---|
1 | Public Overrides Sub Close 它关闭StreamReader对象和底层流,并释放与读取器关联的所有系统资源。 |
2 | Public Overrides Function Peek As Integer 返回下一个可用字符,但不使用它。 |
3 | Public Overrides Function Read As Integer 从输入流中读取下一个字符,并将字符位置前移一个字符。 |
例子 (Example)
以下示例演示如何读取名为Jamaica.txt的文本文件。 该文件读取 -
Down the way where the nights are gay
And the sun shines daily on the mountain top
I took a trip on a sailing ship
And when I reached Jamaica
I made a stop
Imports System.IO
Module fileProg
Sub Main()
Try
' Create an instance of StreamReader to read from a file.
' The using statement also closes the StreamReader.
Using sr As StreamReader = New StreamReader("e:/jamaica.txt")
Dim line As String
' Read and display lines from the file until the end of
' the file is reached.
line = sr.ReadLine()
While (line <> Nothing)
Console.WriteLine(line)
line = sr.ReadLine()
End While
End Using
Catch e As Exception
' Let the user know what went wrong.
Console.WriteLine("The file could not be read:")
Console.WriteLine(e.Message)
End Try
Console.ReadKey()
End Sub
End Module
猜猜编译和运行程序时它显示的内容!
StreamWriter类
StreamWriter类继承自表示编写器的抽象类TextWriter,它可以编写一系列字符。
下表显示了此类最常用的一些方法 -
Sr.No. | 方法名称和目的 |
---|---|
1 | Public Overrides Sub Close 关闭当前的StreamWriter对象和基础流。 |
2 | Public Overrides Sub Flush 清除当前编写器的所有缓冲区,并将任何缓冲的数据写入基础流。 |
3 | Public Overridable Sub Write (value As Boolean) 将布尔值的文本表示写入文本字符串或流。 (继承自TextWriter。) |
4 | Public Overrides Sub Write (value As Char) 将字符写入流。 |
5 | Public Overridable Sub Write (value As Decimal) 将十进制值的文本表示写入文本字符串或流。 |
6 | Public Overridable Sub Write (value As Double) 将8字节浮点值的文本表示写入文本字符串或流。 |
7 | Public Overridable Sub Write (value As Integer) 将4字节有符号整数的文本表示写入文本字符串或流。 |
8 | Public Overrides Sub Write (value As String) 将字符串写入流。 |
9 | Public Overridable Sub WriteLine 将行终止符写入文本字符串或流。 |
以上列表并非详尽无遗。 有关方法的完整列表,请访问Microsoft的文档
例子 (Example)
以下示例演示如何使用StreamWriter类将文本数据写入文件 -
Imports System.IO
Module fileProg
Sub Main()
Dim names As String() = New String() {"Zara Ali", _
"Nuha Ali", "Amir Sohel", "M Amlan"}
Dim s As String
Using sw As StreamWriter = New StreamWriter("names.txt")
For Each s In names
sw.WriteLine(s)
Next s
End Using
' Read and show each line from the file.
Dim line As String
Using sr As StreamReader = New StreamReader("names.txt")
line = sr.ReadLine()
While (line <> Nothing)
Console.WriteLine(line)
line = sr.ReadLine()
End While
End Using
Console.ReadKey()
End Sub
End Module
编译并执行上述代码时,会产生以下结果 -
Zara Ali
Nuha Ali
Amir Sohel
M Amlan