是否仅打印包含其他列表中字符的列表中的单词？

Question

我正在做一个有趣的小问题，是一个朋友寄给我的。这个问题要求我使用文本文件中的常用词填充数组，然后打印此列表中包含用户提供的某些字符的所有词。我能够填充我的数组没有问题，但是代码中实际比较两个列表的部分似乎不起作用。下面是我编写的用于比较这两个列表的函数。

#Function that prompts user for the set of letters to match and then compares that list of letters to each word in our wordList.
def getLetters():
    #Prompt user for list of letters and convert that string into a list of characters
    string = input("Enter your target letters: ")
    letterList = list(string)
    #For each word in the wordList, loop through each character in the word and check to see if the character is in our letter list, if it is increase matchCount by 1.
    for word in wordList:
        matchCount = 0
        for char in word:
            if char in letterList:
                matchCount+=1
            #If matchCount is equal to the length of the word, all of the characters in the word are present in our letter list and the word should be added to our matchList.
            if matchCount == len(word):
                matchList.append(word)
    print(matchList)

代码运行得很好，我没有得到任何错误输出，但是一旦用户输入了他们的字母列表，就什么也没有发生。为了测试，我尝试了一些与我知道的单词列表中的单词相匹配的输入（例如added、axe、tree等）。但在我输入我的字母串后，没有任何东西会打印出来。

这是我填充单词列表的方式：

def readWords(filename):
    try:
        with open(filename) as file:
            #Load entire file as string, split string into word list using whitespace as delimiter
            s = file.read()
            wordList = s.split(" ")
            getLetters()
    #Error handling for invalid filename. Just prompts the user for filename again. Should change to use ospath.exists. But does the job for now
    except FileNotFoundError:
        print("File does not exist, check directory and try again. Dictionary file must be in program directory because I am bad and am not using ospath.")
        getFile()

编辑：将函数更改为在开始循环字符之前将matchCount重置为0，但仍然没有输出。

Answer 1

编辑：添加全局声明以从函数内部修改列表：

wordList = [] #['axe', 'tree', 'etc']
def readWords(filename):
    try:
        with open(filename) as file:
            s = file.read()
            global wordList  # must add to modify global list
            wordList = s.split(" ")
    except:
        pass

下面是一个工作示例：

wordList = ['axe', 'tree', 'etc']


# Function that prompts user for the set of letters to match and then compares that list of letters to each word in our wordList.
def getLetters():
    # Prompt user for list of letters and convert that string into a list of characters
    string = input("Enter your target letters: ")
    letterList = list(string)
    # For each word in the wordList, loop through each character in the word and check to see if the character is in our letter list, if it is increase matchCount by 1.
    matchList = []
    for word in wordList:
        matchCount = 0
        for char in word:
            if char in letterList:
                matchCount += 1
            # If matchCount is equal to the length of the word, all of the characters in the word are present in our letter list and the word should be added to our matchList.
            if matchCount == len(word):
                matchList.append(word)
    print(matchList)

getLetters()

输出：

Enter your target letters: xae
['axe']

Answer 2

您的代码只需要一个简单的更改：

将wordList作为参数传递给getLetters。如果你愿意，你也可以做一个改变，以便知道这个单词的所有字母是否都在字母列表中。

def getLetters(wordList):
    string = input("Enter your target letters: ")
    letterList = list(string)
    matchList = []
    for word in wordList:
        if all([letter in letterList for letter in word]):
            matchList.append(word)
    return matchList

而在readWords中：

def readWords(filename):
    try:
        with open(filename) as file:
            s = file.read()
            wordList = s.split(" ")
            result = getLetters(wordList)
    except FileNotFoundError:
        print("...")
    else:
        # No exceptions.
        return result