登录
当前位置： 首页 > 知识库问答 >
问题：

Spring security未拦截请求

韦晟睿
2023-03-14

我正在尝试做一个基本的Spring SecurityD/B身份验证程序。我试过两种方法。

方法1：使用自定义表进行Spring Security验证<方法2：使用特定于Spring security的数据库表进行用户身份验证和授权。

文件位置：
1.index.jsp-

对于方法1，Spring security并没有拦截请求，我在控制台中也并没有看到错误。我没有截获这个请求，而是直接接受了邀请。jsp。

P、 因为我没有尝试授权，所以我没有在安全上下文xml中使用下面的“authorities by username query”属性。我不确定是否也必须创建授权表。

以下是我的security-context.xml：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
     <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:jee="http://www.springframework.org/schema/jee"
xmlns:security="http://www.springframework.org/schema/security"
xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
      http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.0.xsd
      http://www.springframework.org/schema/security
      http://www.springframework.org/schema/security/spring-security-3.1.xsd
      http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx 
      http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-2.0.xsd">

<security:http auto-config="true">
    <security:intercept-url pattern="/welcome.html" />
    <security:form-login login-page="/login.html"
        default-target-url="/welcome.html" authentication-failure-url="/loginfailed.html" />
    <security:logout logout-success-url="/logout.html" />
</security:http>

<security:authentication-manager>
    <security:authentication-provider>
        <security:jdbc-user-service data-source-ref="dataSource"
         users-by-username-query="select FIRST_NAME,LAST_NAME,PASSWORD from USER_AUTHENTICATION where FIRST_NAME=?" />
    </security:authentication-provider>
</security:authentication-manager>

网状物xml：

 <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"    xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee" xmlns:web="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-  app_2_5.xsd" xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee   http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd" id="WebApp_ID" version="2.5">
 <display-name>SpringPOC</display-name>
 <servlet>
<servlet-name>spring</servlet-name>
<servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
<load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
</servlet>
<servlet-mapping>
<servlet-name>spring</servlet-name>
<url-pattern>*.html</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>
<listener>
<listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class>
</listener>
<context-param>
<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
<param-value>
        /WEB-INF/applicationContextDirect.xml
        /WEB-INF/applicationContext-security.xml
    </param-value>
</context-param>
<filter>
    <filter-name>springSecurityFilterChain</filter-name>
    <filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.DelegatingFilterProxy</filter-class>
</filter>

<filter-mapping>
  <filter-name>springSecurityFilterChain</filter-name>
  <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
</filter-mapping>
<welcome-file-list>
    <welcome-file>index.jsp</welcome-file>
</welcome-file-list>
</web-app>

基本控制器

//@RequestMapping(value="/login", method = RequestMethod.GET)
@RequestMapping("/login")
public ModelAndView login(Model model) {
    //System.out.println("Inside /login...");
    return new ModelAndView("login");
}
/*public String login(ModelMap model) {

    System.out.println("Inside /login...");
    return "login";

}*/

@RequestMapping(value="/loginfailed", method = RequestMethod.GET)
public String loginerror(ModelMap model) {

    model.addAttribute("error", "true");
    return "login";

}

@RequestMapping(value="/logout", method = RequestMethod.GET)
public String logout(ModelMap model) {

    return "login";

}

登录名。jsp

    <%@ taglib prefix="c" uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/core"%>
          <html>
         <head>
         <title>Login Page</title>
         <style>
         .errorblock {
    color: #ff0000;
    background-color: #ffEEEE;
    border: 3px solid #ff0000;
    padding: 8px;
    margin: 16px;
     }
     </style>
     </head>
     <body onload='document.f.j_username.focus();'>
    <h3>Login with Username and Password (Authentication with Database)</h3>

    <c:if test="${not empty error}">
        <div class="errorblock">
            Your login attempt was not successful, try again.<br /> Caused :
            ${sessionScope["SPRING_SECURITY_LAST_EXCEPTION"].message}
        </div>
    </c:if>

    <form name='f' action="<c:url value='j_spring_security_check' />"
        method='POST'>

        <table>
            <tr>
                <td>User:</td>
                <td><input type='text' name='j_username' value=''>
                </td>
            </tr>
            <tr>
                <td>Password:</td>
                <td><input type='password' name='j_password' />
                </td>
            </tr>
            <tr>
                <td colspan='2'><input name="submit" type="submit"
                    value="submit" />
                </td>
            </tr>
            <tr>
                <td colspan='2'><input name="reset" type="reset" />
                </td>
            </tr>
        </table>

    </form>

指数jsp

    <body>
    <div id="content">
   <h1>Home Page</h1>
   <p>
   Anyone can view this page.
   </p>
   <p><a href="welcome.html">Login page</a></p>
   </div>
   </body>

对于方法2，在遵循以下链接后，我以“用户”和“权限”的名义创建了特定于spring的数据库表。这里，SQL查询不在xml中使用，如下所示。

 http://www.raistudies.com/spring-security-tutorial/authentication-authorization-spring-security-mysql-database/

除了安全上下文之外，所有内容都保持不变。xml。

  <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
  <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"         xmlns:jee="http://www.springframework.org/schema/jee"
xmlns:security="http://www.springframework.org/schema/security"
xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
      http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.0.xsd
      http://www.springframework.org/schema/security
      http://www.springframework.org/schema/security/spring-security-3.1.xsd
      http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx 
      http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-2.0.xsd">

<security:http realm="Project Realm" auto-config="true">
    <security:intercept-url pattern="/welcome.html" access="ROLE_USER"/>
    <security:form-login login-page="/login.html"
        default-target-url="/welcome.html" authentication-failure-url="/loginfailed.html" />
    <security:logout logout-success-url="/logout.html" />   
</security:http>

<security:authentication-manager>
    <security:authentication-provider>
    <security:password-encoder hash="md5"/>
    <security:jdbc-user-service data-source-ref="dataSource"/>
    </security:authentication-provider>
</security:authentication-manager>
    </beans>

当我尝试上述方法时，即使我输入了正确的用户名

[更新]：我启用了spring调试日志记录来查找这两种方法中错误的根本原因。我无法从日志中找出或理解到底是什么错误，所以我比较了两种方法尝试后得到的日志。正如，对于方法1，Spring security没有拦截请求，对于方法2，我可以登录（Spring security至少是拦截请求），但即使输入了正确的用户名，我也会收到“错误凭据”消息

下面是方法2的代码片段[这里我得到了登录页面，但身份验证失败]

            firing Filter: 'FilterSecurityInterceptor'
        DEBUG: org.springframework.security.web.util.AntPathRequestMatcher - Checking match of request : '/welcome.html'; against 

        '/welcome.html'
        DEBUG: org.springframework.security.web.access.intercept.FilterSecurityInterceptor - Secure object: FilterInvocation: URL: 

        /welcome.html; Attributes: [ROLE_USER]
        DEBUG: org.springframework.security.web.access.intercept.FilterSecurityInterceptor - Previously Authenticated: 

        org.springframework.security.authentication.AnonymousAuthenticationToken@9055c2bc: Principal: anonymousUser; Credentials: 

        [PROTECTED]; Authenticated: true; Details: org.springframework.security.web.authentication.WebAuthenticationDetails@b364: 

        RemoteIpAddress: 0:0:0:0:0:0:0:1; SessionId: null; Granted Authorities: ROLE_ANONYMOUS
        DEBUG: org.springframework.security.access.vote.AffirmativeBased - Voter: 

        org.springframework.security.access.vote.RoleVoter@19432e0, returned: -1
        DEBUG: org.springframework.security.access.vote.AffirmativeBased - Voter: 

        org.springframework.security.access.vote.AuthenticatedVoter@9830bc, returned: 0
        DEBUG: org.springframework.security.web.access.ExceptionTranslationFilter - Access is denied (user is anonymous); 

        redirecting to authentication entry point
        org.springframework.security.access.AccessDeniedException: Access is denied
            at org.springframework.security.access.vote.AffirmativeBased.decide(AffirmativeBased.java:83)
            at org.springframework.security.access.intercept.AbstractSecurityInterceptor.beforeInvocation

        (AbstractSecurityInterceptor.java:206)
            at org.springframework.security.web.access.intercept.FilterSecurityInterceptor.invoke

        (FilterSecurityInterceptor.java:115)
            at org.springframework.security.web.access.intercept.FilterSecurityInterceptor.doFilter

        (FilterSecurityInterceptor.java:84)
            at org.springframework.security.web.FilterChainProxy$VirtualFilterChain.doFilter(FilterChainProxy.java:342)
            at org.springframework.security.web.access.ExceptionTranslationFilter.doFilter(ExceptionTranslationFilter.java:113)
            at org.springframework.security.web.FilterChainProxy$VirtualFilterChain.doFilter(FilterChainProxy.java:342)
            at org.springframework.security.web.session.SessionManagementFilter.doFilter(SessionManagementFilter.java:103)
            at org.springframework.security.web.FilterChainProxy$VirtualFilterChain.doFilter(FilterChainProxy.java:342)
            at org.springframework.security.web.authentication.AnonymousAuthenticationFilter.doFilter

        (AnonymousAuthenticationFilter.java:113)
            at org.springframework.security.web.FilterChainProxy$VirtualFilterChain.doFilter(FilterChainProxy.java:342)
            at org.springframework.security.web.servletapi.SecurityContextHolderAwareRequestFilter.doFilter

        (SecurityContextHolderAwareRequestFilter.java:54)
            at org.springframework.security.web.FilterChainProxy$VirtualFilterChain.doFilter(FilterChainProxy.java:342)
            at org.springframework.security.web.savedrequest.RequestCacheAwareFilter.doFilter(RequestCacheAwareFilter.java:45)
            at org.springframework.security.web.FilterChainProxy$VirtualFilterChain.doFilter(FilterChainProxy.java:342)
            at org.springframework.security.web.authentication.www.BasicAuthenticationFilter.doFilter

        (BasicAuthenticationFilter.java:150)
            at org.springframework.security.web.FilterChainProxy$VirtualFilterChain.doFilter(FilterChainProxy.java:342)
            at org.springframework.security.web.authentication.AbstractAuthenticationProcessingFilter.doFilter

        (AbstractAuthenticationProcessingFilter.java:183)
            at org.springframework.security.web.FilterChainProxy$VirtualFilterChain.doFilter(FilterChainProxy.java:342)
            at org.springframework.security.web.authentication.logout.LogoutFilter.doFilter(LogoutFilter.java:105)
            at org.springframework.security.web.FilterChainProxy$VirtualFilterChain.doFilter(FilterChainProxy.java:342)
            at org.springframework.security.web.context.SecurityContextPersistenceFilter.doFilter

        (SecurityContextPersistenceFilter.java:87)
            at org.springframework.security.web.FilterChainProxy$VirtualFilterChain.doFilter(FilterChainProxy.java:342)
            at org.springframework.security.web.FilterChainProxy.doFilterInternal(FilterChainProxy.java:192)
            at org.springframework.security.web.FilterChainProxy.doFilter(FilterChainProxy.java:160)
            at org.springframework.web.filter.DelegatingFilterProxy.invokeDelegate(DelegatingFilterProxy.java:346)
            at org.springframework.web.filter.DelegatingFilterProxy.doFilter(DelegatingFilterProxy.java:259)
            at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:235)
            at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:206)
            at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardWrapperValve.invoke(StandardWrapperValve.java:233)
            at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContextValve.invoke(StandardContextValve.java:191)
            at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardHostValve.invoke(StandardHostValve.java:127)
            at org.apache.catalina.valves.ErrorReportValve.invoke(ErrorReportValve.java:102)
            at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardEngineValve.invoke(StandardEngineValve.java:109)
            at org.apache.catalina.connector.CoyoteAdapter.service(CoyoteAdapter.java:298)
            at org.apache.coyote.http11.Http11Processor.process(Http11Processor.java:857)
            at org.apache.coyote.http11.Http11Protocol$Http11ConnectionHandler.process(Http11Protocol.java:588)
            at org.apache.tomcat.util.net.JIoEndpoint$Worker.run(JIoEndpoint.java:489)
            at java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:662)
        DEBUG: org.springframework.security.web.savedrequest.HttpSessionRequestCache - DefaultSavedRequest added to Session: 

        DefaultSavedRequest[http://localhost:8080/itrade-web/welcome.html]
        DEBUG: org.springframework.security.web.access.ExceptionTranslationFilter - Calling Authentication entry point.
        DEBUG: org.springframework.security.web.DefaultRedirectStrategy - Redirecting to 'http://localhost:8080/itrade-

        web/login.html;jsessionid=3FD72892F4F4EF2E65B0C90ABE115354'
        DEBUG: org.springframework.security.web.context.HttpSessionSecurityContextRepository - SecurityContext is empty or contents 

        are anonymous - context will not be stored in HttpSession.
        DEBUG: org.springframework.security.web.context.SecurityContextPersistenceFilter - SecurityContextHolder now cleared, as 

        request processing completed
        DEBUG: org.springframework.security.web.FilterChainProxy - /login.html at position 1 of 10 in additional filter chain; 

        firing Filter: 'SecurityContextPersistenceFilter'
        DEBUG: org.springframework.security.web.context.HttpSessionSecurityContextRepository - HttpSession returned null object for SPRING_SECURITY_CONTEXT
        firing Filter: 'UsernamePasswordAuthenticationFilter'
        ...
        DEBUG: org.springframework.security.web.FilterChainProxy - /login.html at position 7 of 10 in additional filter chain; 

        firing Filter: 'AnonymousAuthenticationFilter'
        DEBUG: org.springframework.security.web.authentication.AnonymousAuthenticationFilter - Populated SecurityContextHolder with 

        anonymous token: 'org.springframework.security.authentication.AnonymousAuthenticationToken@6fa8940c: Principal: 

        anonymousUser; Credentials: [PROTECTED]; Authenticated: true; Details: 

        org.springframework.security.web.authentication.WebAuthenticationDetails@fffde5d4: RemoteIpAddress: 0:0:0:0:0:0:0:1; 

        SessionId: 3FD72892F4F4EF2E65B0C90ABE115354; Granted Authorities: ROLE_ANONYMOUS'
                    ...
        DEBUG: org.springframework.security.web.authentication.UsernamePasswordAuthenticationFilter - Request is to process 

        authentication
        DEBUG: org.springframework.security.authentication.ProviderManager - Authentication attempt using 

        org.springframework.security.authentication.dao.DaoAuthenticationProvider
        DEBUG: org.springframework.security.provisioning.JdbcUserDetailsManager - Query returned no results for user 'admin'
        DEBUG: org.springframework.security.authentication.dao.DaoAuthenticationProvider - User 'admin' not found
        DEBUG: org.springframework.security.web.authentication.UsernamePasswordAuthenticationFilter - Authentication request 

        failed: org.springframework.security.authentication.BadCredentialsException: Bad credentials
        DEBUG: org.springframework.security.web.authentication.UsernamePasswordAuthenticationFilter - Updated SecurityContextHolder 

        to contain null Authentication
        DEBUG: org.springframework.security.web.authentication.UsernamePasswordAuthenticationFilter - Delegating to authentication 

        failure handler org.springframework.security.web.authentication.SimpleUrlAuthenticationFailureHandler@1882c1a
        DEBUG: org.springframework.security.web.authentication.SimpleUrlAuthenticationFailureHandler - Redirecting to 

        /loginfailed.html
        DEBUG: org.springframework.security.web.DefaultRedirectStrategy - Redirecting to '/itrade-web/loginfailed.html'
        DEBUG: org.springframework.security.web.context.HttpSessionSecurityContextRepository - SecurityContext is empty or contents 

        are anonymous - context will not be stored in HttpSession.
        DEBUG: org.springframework.security.web.context.SecurityContextPersistenceFilter - SecurityContextHolder now cleared, as 

        request processing completed

[更新]对于方法1，我在创建“授权”的自定义表后添加了“权限-用户名-查询”标签。现在我得到了登录屏幕，所以我知道为了Spring安全拦截，我需要有“权限-用户名-查询”标签。但是输入用户名和密码后，我得到了以下错误信息：

 Caused : PreparedStatementCallback; uncategorized SQLException for SQL [select          FIRST_NAME,LAST_NAME,PASSWORD from USER_AUTHENTICATION where FIRST_NAME=?]; SQL state   [null]; error code [17059]; Fail to convert to internal representation; nested exception is   java.sql.SQLException: Fail to convert to internal representation

我在调试模式下看到以下行：

            DEBUG: org.springframework.security.authentication.ProviderManager - Authentication attempt using org.springframework.security.authentication.dao.DaoAuthenticationProvider
        INFO : org.springframework.beans.factory.xml.XmlBeanDefinitionReader - Loading XML bean definitions from class path resource [org/springframework/jdbc/support/sql-error-codes.xml]
        DEBUG: org.springframework.security.web.authentication.UsernamePasswordAuthenticationFilter - Authentication request failed: org.springframework.security.authentication.AuthenticationServiceException: PreparedStatementCallback; uncategorized SQLException for SQL [select FIRST_NAME,LAST_NAME,PASSWORD from USER_AUTHENTICATION where FIRST_NAME=?]; SQL state [null]; error code [17059]; Fail to convert to internal representation; nested exception is java.sql.SQLException: Fail to convert to internal representation
        DEBUG: org.springframework.security.web.authentication.UsernamePasswordAuthenticationFilter - Updated SecurityContextHolder to contain null Authentication
        DEBUG: org.springframework.security.web.authentication.UsernamePasswordAuthenticationFilter - Delegating to authentication failure handler org.springframework.security.web.authentication.SimpleUrlAuthenticationFailureHandler@e7736c
        DEBUG: org.springframework.security.web.authentication.SimpleUrlAuthenticationFailureHandler - Redirecting to /loginfailed.html
        DEBUG: org.springframework.security.web.DefaultRedirectStrategy - Redirecting to '/itrade-web/loginfailed.html'

[更新]：现在对于这两种方法，虽然输入了正确的用户名，但得到的错误相同

 DEBUG: org.springframework.security.provisioning.JdbcUserDetailsManager - Query returned no results for user 'user'

我觉得这个错误背后应该还有其他原因。

[编辑]现在我在D/B中有以下“users\u detail”表：

USER\u ID整数

用户名VARCHAR2（50字节）

密码VARCHAR2（50字节）

启用整数

“users\u detail”表中的数据：

已启用USER\u ID用户名密码

100用户123456 1

我的查询位于安全上下文中。xml：

  "select username,password, enabled from users_detail where username=?"

当我手动执行查询时，即选择username、password，从username='user'所在的users\u detail中启用。我得到了结果集。

我哪里出错了？为什么JdbcUserDetailsManager类总是返回'Query为user'user'返回无结果'，即使D/B中有相同的条目。

当我收到上述错误时，调试模式不会显示正在执行JdbcUserDetailsManager类的哪个方法。我怎么知道？此外，spring在保存密码字段时是否在内部执行任何加密/解密技术？

共有1个答案

鲜于高明
2023-03-14

当使用默认模式时，日志消息“User‘admin’not found”似乎很清楚是身份验证失败的原因。为什么不手动执行命令，看看它是否返回用户数据？

此外，是否显示登录屏幕并不取决于您是否设置了“‘权限-用户名-查询”。它只取决于您请求的URL是否适用什么intercept-url值。唯一的例外是，如果您自定义了拒绝访问行为（对于权限不足的经过身份验证的用户）以显示登录页面（此处不是这种情况）。

您的SQL异常可能是由于您的自定义表具有错误的列类型。您最终需要与从标准模式获得的结果集兼容。除非您有充分的理由不这样做，否则最好坚持默认设置。

更好的是，完全忘记Oracle，直到您可以使用简单的测试数据库（如HSQLDB）获得基本知识。

 类似资料：
  • 拦截请求

    一、拦截请求 mitmproxy的强大功能是拦截请求。拦截的请求将暂停，以便用户可以在将请求发送到服务器之前修改（或丢弃）该请求。mitmproxy的set intercept命令配置拦截。i默认情况下，该命令绑定到快捷方式。 通常不希望拦截所有请求，因为它会不断中断您的浏览。因此，mitmproxy希望将流过滤器表达式作为set intercept选择性拦截请求的第一个参数。在下面的教程中，我们

  • HTTP - 拦截请求

    配置拦截器 declarations: [ AppComponent ], HttpClientModule ], providers: [ [ { provide: HTTP_INTERCEPTORS, useClass: AuthInterceptor, multi: true } ] bootstrap:

  • AOP 拦截请求

    在 imi 中更加推荐使用 AOP 来拦截请求。 不要忘记把 Aspect 类加入 beanScan！ Demo <?php namespace ImiApp\ApiServer\Aop; use Imi\RequestContext; use Imi\Aop\Annotation\Around; use Imi\Aop\Annotation\Aspect; use Imi\Aop\Annota

  • Save方法被拦截，但findAll未被拦截

    问题很简单 在这里打破头！ 编辑：一个小突破。我打印了目标，它返回的是SimpleJPrepository，而不是实际的存储库。

  • 使用 HandlerInterceptor 拦截请求

    Spring的处理器映射机制包含了处理器拦截器。拦截器在你需要为特定类型的请求应用一些功能时可能很有用，比如，检查用户身份等。 处理器映射处理过程配置的拦截器，必须实现 org.springframework.web.servlet包下的 HandlerInterceptor接口。这个接口定义了三个方法： preHandle(..)，它在处理器实际执行 之前 会被执行； postHandle(..

  • 拦截器绑定未调用拦截器方法

    问题内容： 我正在使用Java EE 6和Jboss AS7.1，并尝试使用拦截器绑定（来自jboss网站的示例）。 我有一个InterceptorBinding注解： 拦截器： 还有一个豆： 但是拦截器没有被称为。。。 在编写此代码时将调用拦截器： 谢谢你的帮助。 问题答案： 您是否按照参考示例中的说明启用了拦截器？ 缺省情况下，bean档案没有通过拦截器绑定绑定的已启用拦截器。必须通过将侦听器

相关问答

Spring Boot添加Http请求拦截器Http请求拦截未显示任何日志信息[重复]spring-boot拦截器不进行拦截Spring Security未正确拦截？[副本]Spring MVC-拦截器从未调用

相关文章

Struts拦截器实现拦截未登陆用户实例解析Spring Boot添加Http请求拦截器vue axios请求拦截实例代码请求拦截器与响应拦截器分别有什么应用场景？Hibernate 4.0.0Final在哪里，SessionFactory.openSession（拦截器拦截器）

相关阅读

Struts2映射拦截动作Struts2拦截器栈的例子Struts2重写拦截器参数SpringSecurity入门Springboot-拦截器-过滤器-监听器

相关工具

深度截图截图快手iOS 屏幕截图新浪微博请求仿微信【未完待续】

相关文档

你不懂JS：ES6与未来C++ Template 进阶指南（未完）Real World OCaml 中文版（未完）Python 黑帽编程（未更新完）W3C 中文排版需求
快捷导航： 新手教程 算法原理 架构设计 Java进阶 数据库进阶 大厂专栏 面试经验 编程笔记 编程问答 所有专题 文档资料 工具软件 电子书籍 小牛导航
在线工具： 房贷计算器 个税计算器 Linux命令查询 Json格式化 正则表达式 颜色转换 AES加解密 SHA1加密 MD5加密 毒鸡汤 字数统计 随机密码生成 进制转换 Base64编解码 励志句子
Copyright © 2019-2024 小牛知识库@xnip.cn. All Rights Reserved.