相机权限IOException和类的分离[重复]

Question

我的应用程序有两个问题。第一个问题是，我得到了一个ioException：权限被拒绝，即使我认为我已经拥有了所需的所有权限。

当我运行photoFile=createImageFile()时，dispatchTakePictureIntent方法会触发权限错误。

public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {

    EncodeToBase64 encode = new EncodeToBase64();
    String lastPhotoAsBase64;
    ImageView mImageView;
    ImageView mBackground;

    private static int RESULT = 1;
    static final int REQUEST_TAKE_PHOTO = 1;
    static final int PICK_IMAGE_REQUEST = 2;
    String mCurrentPhotoPath;

    TextView textView;
    ProgressBar progress;

    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);


        if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= Build.VERSION_CODES.M &&
                checkSelfPermission(Manifest.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE) != PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED) {
            requestPermissions(new String[]{Manifest.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE}, RESULT);
        }

        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
        mImageView = findViewById(R.id.imageView);
        mBackground = findViewById(R.id.backgroundImage);
        Button cameraButton = findViewById(R.id.cameraButton);
        Button galleryButton = findViewById(R.id.galleryButton);
        textView = findViewById(R.id.textView);
        progress = findViewById(R.id.progressBar);

        cameraButton.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
            @Override
            public void onClick(View v) {
                dispatchTakePictureIntent();
            }
        });

        galleryButton.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
            @Override
            public void onClick(View v) {
                Intent galleryIntent = new Intent(Intent.ACTION_PICK, MediaStore.Images.Media.INTERNAL_CONTENT_URI);
                startActivityForResult(galleryIntent, PICK_IMAGE_REQUEST);
            }
        });
    }

    @Override
    protected void onActivityResult(int requestCode, int resultCode, Intent data) {
        super.onActivityResult(requestCode, resultCode, data);

        if (requestCode == REQUEST_TAKE_PHOTO && resultCode == RESULT_OK) {
            try {
                setPic();
            } catch (IOException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
        } else if (requestCode == PICK_IMAGE_REQUEST && data.getData() != null) {
            Uri selectedImage = data.getData();

            try {
                String[] filePathColumn = {MediaStore.Images.Media.DATA};
                Cursor cursor = getContentResolver().query(selectedImage, filePathColumn, null, null, null);
                cursor.moveToFirst();
                int columnIndex = cursor.getColumnIndex(filePathColumn[0]);
                String picturePath = cursor.getString(columnIndex);
                mCurrentPhotoPath = picturePath;
                cursor.close();

                setPic();

            } catch (IOException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
        }
    }


    private File createImageFile() throws IOException {
        // Create an image file name
        String timeStamp = new SimpleDateFormat("yyyyMMdd_HHmmss").format(new Date());
        String imageFileName = "JPEG_" + timeStamp + "_";
        File storageDir =  getExternalStoragePublicDirectory(DIRECTORY_PICTURES);
        File image = File.createTempFile(
                imageFileName,  /* prefix */
                ".jpg",         /* suffix */
                storageDir      /* directory */
        );
        // Save a file: path for use with ACTION_VIEW intents
        mCurrentPhotoPath = image.getAbsolutePath();
        galleryAddPic();
        return image;
    }

    private static int exifToDegrees(int exifOrientation) {
        if (exifOrientation == ExifInterface.ORIENTATION_ROTATE_90) {
            return 90;
        } else if (exifOrientation == ExifInterface.ORIENTATION_ROTATE_180) {
            return 180;
        } else if (exifOrientation == ExifInterface.ORIENTATION_ROTATE_270) {
            return 270;
        }
        return 0;
    }
    private void galleryAddPic() {
        Intent mediaScanIntent = new Intent(Intent.ACTION_MEDIA_SCANNER_SCAN_FILE);
        File f = new File(mCurrentPhotoPath);
        Uri contentUri = Uri.fromFile(f);
        mediaScanIntent.setData(contentUri);
        this.sendBroadcast(mediaScanIntent);
    }


    public void setPic() throws IOException {
        // Get the dimensions of the View
        int targetW = mImageView.getWidth();
        int targetH = mImageView.getHeight();

        // Get the dimensions of the bitmap
        BitmapFactory.Options bmOptions = new BitmapFactory.Options();
        bmOptions.inJustDecodeBounds = true;

        //BitmapFactory.decodeFile(mCurrentPhotoPath, bmOptions);
        BitmapFactory.decodeFile(mCurrentPhotoPath, bmOptions);
        int photoW = bmOptions.outWidth;
        int photoH = bmOptions.outHeight;

        // Determine how much to scale down the image
        int scaleFactor = Math.min(photoW / targetW, photoH / targetH);

        // Decode the image file into a Bitmap sized to fill the View
        bmOptions.inJustDecodeBounds = false;
        bmOptions.inSampleSize = scaleFactor;
        bmOptions.inPurgeable = true;

        Bitmap bitmap = BitmapFactory.decodeFile(mCurrentPhotoPath, bmOptions);

        ExifInterface exif = new ExifInterface(mCurrentPhotoPath);
        int rotation = exif.getAttributeInt(ExifInterface.TAG_ORIENTATION, ExifInterface.ORIENTATION_NORMAL);
        int rotationInDegrees = exifToDegrees(rotation);
        //int deg = rotationInDegrees;
        Matrix matrix = new Matrix();
        if (rotation != 0f) {
            matrix.preRotate(rotationInDegrees);
            bitmap = Bitmap.createBitmap(bitmap, 0, 0, bitmap.getWidth(), bitmap.getHeight(), matrix, true);
        }
        lastPhotoAsBase64 = encode.encode(bitmap);
        if (lastPhotoAsBase64 != null) {
            new postData().execute(lastPhotoAsBase64);
        } else {
            Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this, "No base64 data found!", Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();
        }
        mImageView.setImageBitmap(bitmap);
    }


    public void dispatchTakePictureIntent() {
        Intent takePictureIntent = new Intent(MediaStore.ACTION_IMAGE_CAPTURE);
        // Ensure that there's a camera activity to handle the intent
        if (takePictureIntent.resolveActivity(getPackageManager()) != null) {
            // Create the File where the photo should go
            File photoFile = null;
            try {
                photoFile = createImageFile();
            } catch (IOException ex) {
                // Error occurred while creating the File
                ex.printStackTrace();
            }
            // Continue only if the File was successfully created
            if (photoFile != null) {
                Uri photoURI = FileProvider.getUriForFile(this,
                        "com.example.fileprovider",
                        photoFile);
                takePictureIntent.putExtra(MediaStore.EXTRA_OUTPUT, photoURI);
                startActivityForResult(takePictureIntent, REQUEST_TAKE_PHOTO);
            }
        }
    }

    public class postData extends AsyncTask<String, Void, String> {


        @Override
        protected String doInBackground(String... strings) {
            HttpConnectionActivity hh = new HttpConnectionActivity();
            String temp = hh.HttpConnection(strings[0]);
            return temp;
        }

        @Override
        protected void onPreExecute() {
            textView.setVisibility(View.INVISIBLE);
            progress.setVisibility(View.VISIBLE);
        }

        @Override
        protected void onPostExecute(String s) {

            progress.setVisibility(View.INVISIBLE);
            JSONObject jsonRaw = null;
            String age = null;
            String gender = null;
            String result = null;
            if(!(s.contains("5002"))) {
                try {
                    jsonRaw = new JSONObject(s);
                    age = jsonRaw.getJSONArray("images").getJSONObject(0).getJSONArray("faces").getJSONObject(0).getJSONObject("attributes").getString("age");
                    gender = jsonRaw.getJSONArray("images").getJSONObject(0).getJSONArray("faces").getJSONObject(0).getJSONObject("attributes").getJSONObject("gender").getString("type");
                    result = "Du är en " + ((gender.equals("M")) ? "Man" : "Kvinna") + " som är " + age + " år gammal";
                } catch (JSONException e) {
                    e.printStackTrace();
                }
            }
            else{
                result = "Inga ansikten hittades";
            }
            textView.setText(result);
            textView.setVisibility(View.VISIBLE);
        }
    }
}

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<manifest xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    package="com.example.cliff.camera2">
    <uses-feature android:name="android.hardware.camera"
        android:required="true" />
    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE"
        android:maxSdkVersion="18" />
    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.INTERNET"/>



    <application
        android:allowBackup="true"
        android:icon="@mipmap/ic_launcher"
        android:label="@string/app_name"
        android:roundIcon="@mipmap/ic_launcher_round"
        android:supportsRtl="true"
        android:theme="@style/AppTheme">

        <activity android:name=".MainActivity">
            <intent-filter>
                <action android:name="android.intent.action.MAIN" />

                <category android:name="android.intent.category.LAUNCHER" />
            </intent-filter>
        </activity>
        <provider
            android:name="android.support.v4.content.FileProvider"
            android:authorities="com.example.android.fileprovider"
            android:exported="false"
            android:grantUriPermissions="true">
            <meta-data
                android:name="android.support.FILE_PROVIDER_PATHS"
                android:resource="@xml/file_paths"></meta-data>
        </provider>
    </application>
</manifest>

file_paths.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<paths xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android">
    <external-path name="my_images" path="DCIM/SkitApp" />
</paths>

Answer 1

CAMERA权限是一个危险的权限，write_external_storage也是。从API23开始，您必须在运行时请求这些权限。这意味着即使您在清单中列出了它，对于API>=23，您必须请求它们