页面工厂在Selenium中返回null

Question

我有hooks.java用于驱动程序类，loginpage.java用于所有登录页面对象和步骤定义类。我的页面工厂对象没有在我的登录类中初始化，它返回null由于null驱动程序。具有@before标记的驱动程序类，它的initiate在除驱动程序之外的所有类之前为空。当我使用PageFactory.InitElements(driver、LoginPage.Class)时；在时间页工厂初始化的钩子类中，程序成功运行。我正在LoginPage构造函数中使用它，只是想知道我做错了什么。为什么页面工厂返回NULL？如何使用页面工厂。

以下是错误java.lang.NullPointerException：无法调用“org.openqa.selenium.webelement.SendKeys(java.lang.CharSequence[])”，因为“steps.loginpage.txtUsernameBox”为空

请帮帮忙。谢谢

Hooks.java 
package steps;


import Util.GetConfigProp;
import io.cucumber.java.After;
import io.cucumber.java.Before;
import io.cucumber.java8.En;
import org.openqa.selenium.Platform;
import org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver;
import org.openqa.selenium.chrome.ChromeOptions;
import org.openqa.selenium.remote.DesiredCapabilities;
import org.openqa.selenium.remote.RemoteWebDriver;
import org.openqa.selenium.support.PageFactory;

import java.io.IOException;

import java.net.URL;
import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;

public class Hooks extends BaseUtil implements En {

    BaseUtil base;
    //    GetConfigProp prop;
    static GetConfigProp prop;

    static {
        try {
            prop = new GetConfigProp();
        } catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }

    public Hooks() {
        //Default constructor
        Before(() -> {
            DesiredCapabilities cap = new DesiredCapabilities();
            cap.setBrowserName("chrome");
            cap.setPlatform(Platform.WINDOWS);
            cap.setCapability("marionette", true);
            ChromeOptions COptions = new ChromeOptions();
            COptions.merge(cap);

            String hubUrl = null; //get hub url from properties file
            hubUrl = prop.getHubUrl();
            base.driver = new RemoteWebDriver(new URL(hubUrl), COptions);

            base.driver.navigate().to(prop.getUrl()); //get url from properties file
            base.driver.manage().window().maximize();
            base.driver.manage().timeouts().implicitlyWait(30, TimeUnit.SECONDS);
//            PageFactory.initElements(driver, LoginPage.class);

        });
    }

    public Hooks(BaseUtil base) {
        this.base = base;
    }


    public WebDriver getDriver() {
        return base.driver;

    }

    @After
    public void tearDown() {
        base.driver.quit();

    }
}
LoginPage.java
    package steps;


import org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver;
import org.openqa.selenium.WebElement;
import org.openqa.selenium.support.FindBy;
import org.openqa.selenium.support.How;
import org.openqa.selenium.support.PageFactory;

public class LoginPage extends BaseUtil {
    BaseUtil base;
    @FindBy(how = How.ID, using = "user-name")
    public static WebElement txtUserNameBox;

    @FindBy(how = How.ID, using = "password")
    public static WebElement txtPassword;

    @FindBy(how = How.ID, using = "login-button")
    public static WebElement btnLogin;

    public LoginPage() {
        //Default constructor
          }
    public LoginPage(WebDriver driver) {
        this.driver = driver;
        PageFactory.initElements(driver, this);
    }


    public void login() {

        System.out.println("this is title" + base.driver.getTitle());
        System.out.println("this is getwindow" + base.driver.getWindowHandle());
        txtUserNameBox.sendKeys("standard_user");
        txtPassword.sendKeys("secret_sauce");
        btnLogin.click();
    }

public void loginPassword() {
   //to be implement

}
}
MyStepdefs8.java
    package steps;

import io.cucumber.java8.En;


public class MyStepdefs8 extends LoginPage implements En {

    BaseUtil base;
    LoginPage login = new LoginPage();

    public MyStepdefs8(BaseUtil base) {
        this.base = base;
    }

    public MyStepdefs8() {
        Given("the user is on landing page", () -> {
            login.login();
        });
        When("^the user clicks button$", () -> {
            System.out.println("this is second step");
            loginPassword();
        });
    }

}

Answer 1

在类MyStepdefs8中，当创建LoginPage的对象时，初始化LoginPage类的默认构造函数。因此,当您调用WebElements时,它返回null,因为它们尚未初始化。

LoginPage login = new LoginPage(driver);