我有一个CardLayout,由许多不同的JPanels组成,我可以随意显示。该GUI链接到后端,并且GUI的目的是允许用户操作存储在后端中的数据。
问题是,当用户更改后端中的一些数据时,我的JLabels没有反映该数据中的更改。我明白这是因为JLabels初始化了一次,当我更新它们初始化到的变量时,我必须再次调用setText,以便它们体验更改。
示例:我的JLabel是如何初始化的
CurrentBAName = new javax.swing.JLabel();
CurrentBAName.setText(GUI.currentBankAccount.getAccountName());
问题是,当我更改GUI的值时。活期银行账户。getAccountName()
,我的JLabel上的文本不会更新。我到处都有这样的jlabel,每次用户进行任何更改时,都必须通过并手动调用所有这些jlabel,这将是一种痛苦。有没有什么方法可以让JLabel在变量值发生变化时自动更新自身?
也许我可以实施某种观察者模式?我将如何使用JLabels做到这一点?
或者我可以使用一个焦点获取事件,这样每次我切换到面板时,焦点获取事件就会触发,这样我就可以更新东西了。我不知道如何做到这一点,虽然,我不知道重点如何与CardLayout工作。也许只是一个每次我显示带有layout.show(...)
的面板时都会调用的方法。我将如何实现这一点?
还有更好的方法吗?
更新:示例代码
桂。java是我的主要GUI类,它将由一个JPanel组成,我的所有页面都将被随意添加和显示。
import javax.swing.*;
public class GUI extends javax.swing.JFrame
{
public static String item;
private javax.swing.JPanel MainPanel;
public GUI()
{
// creates a JPanel called MainPanel which will hold the cards
// in my CardLayout
initComponents();
}
private void initComponents()
{
MainPanel = new javax.swing.JPanel();
setDefaultCloseOperation(javax.swing.WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
MainPanel.setBackground(new java.awt.Color(198, 118, 38));
MainPanel.setMaximumSize(new java.awt.Dimension(1000, 1000));
MainPanel.setName(""); // NOI18N
MainPanel.setPreferredSize(new java.awt.Dimension(1024, 768));
MainPanel.setLayout(new java.awt.CardLayout());
javax.swing.GroupLayout layout = new javax.swing.GroupLayout(getContentPane());
getContentPane().setLayout(layout);
layout.setHorizontalGroup(
layout.createParallelGroup(javax.swing.GroupLayout.Alignment.LEADING)
.addGroup(javax.swing.GroupLayout.Alignment.TRAILING, layout.createSequentialGroup()
.addContainerGap(javax.swing.GroupLayout.DEFAULT_SIZE, Short.MAX_VALUE)
.addComponent(MainPanel, javax.swing.GroupLayout.DEFAULT_SIZE, javax.swing.GroupLayout.DEFAULT_SIZE, javax.swing.GroupLayout.PREFERRED_SIZE)
.addContainerGap())
);
layout.setVerticalGroup(
layout.createParallelGroup(javax.swing.GroupLayout.Alignment.LEADING)
.addGroup(javax.swing.GroupLayout.Alignment.TRAILING, layout.createSequentialGroup()
.addContainerGap(javax.swing.GroupLayout.DEFAULT_SIZE, Short.MAX_VALUE)
.addComponent(MainPanel, javax.swing.GroupLayout.DEFAULT_SIZE, javax.swing.GroupLayout.DEFAULT_SIZE, javax.swing.GroupLayout.PREFERRED_SIZE)
.addContainerGap())
);
pack();
setLocationRelativeTo(null);
}
// Grab the panel that was created in initComponents() so that I can add
// other panels to it
public JPanel getMainPanel()
{
return MainPanel;
}
public static void main(String args[])
{
java.awt.EventQueue.invokeLater(new Runnable()
{
@Override
public void run()
{
GUI mainGUI = new GUI();
// The JLabel in DisplayPanel.java will initially say root
item = "root";
JPanel cardHolder = mainGUI.getMainPanel();
//This panel contains a button which will update the name of
//the currentUserAccount
MainMenuPanel mainMenu = new MainMenuPanel(cardHolder);
cardHolder.add(mainMenu, "MainMenu");
//This panel holds a JLabel that I want to have updated automatically
//when the user presses the button on MainMenuPanel
DisplayPanel display = new DisplayPanel(cardHolder);
cardHolder.add(display, "Display");
mainGUI.pack();
mainGUI.setVisible(true);
}
});
}
}
显示面板。java将是一个带有JLabel的JPanel,我希望在其上进行更新
import java.awt.*;
import javax.swing.*;
public class DisplayPanel extends javax.swing.JPanel
{
private JPanel MainPanel;
public DisplayPanel(JPanel MainPanel)
{
this.MainPanel = MainPanel;
initComponents(); // Creates my panel with the JLabels/buttons etc
}
@SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
private void initComponents()
{
jLabel1 = new javax.swing.JLabel();
GoToMainMenuButton = new javax.swing.JButton();
jLabel1.setFont(new java.awt.Font("Tahoma", 0, 18)); // NOI18N
jLabel1.setText(GUI.item); // sets the JLabel to the GUI.item variable
GoToMainMenuButton.setText("Go to MainMenuPanel");
GoToMainMenuButton.addMouseListener(new java.awt.event.MouseAdapter()
{
public void mouseClicked(java.awt.event.MouseEvent evt)
{
GoToMainMenuButtonMouseClicked(evt);
}
});
javax.swing.GroupLayout layout = new javax.swing.GroupLayout(this);
this.setLayout(layout);
layout.setHorizontalGroup(
layout.createParallelGroup(javax.swing.GroupLayout.Alignment.LEADING)
.addGroup(javax.swing.GroupLayout.Alignment.TRAILING, layout.createSequentialGroup()
.addContainerGap(269, Short.MAX_VALUE)
.addGroup(layout.createParallelGroup(javax.swing.GroupLayout.Alignment.LEADING)
.addComponent(GoToMainMenuButton)
.addComponent(jLabel1, javax.swing.GroupLayout.PREFERRED_SIZE, 145, javax.swing.GroupLayout.PREFERRED_SIZE))
.addGap(266, 266, 266))
);
layout.setVerticalGroup(
layout.createParallelGroup(javax.swing.GroupLayout.Alignment.LEADING)
.addGroup(layout.createSequentialGroup()
.addGap(168, 168, 168)
.addComponent(jLabel1, javax.swing.GroupLayout.PREFERRED_SIZE, 63, javax.swing.GroupLayout.PREFERRED_SIZE)
.addGap(83, 83, 83)
.addComponent(GoToMainMenuButton)
.addContainerGap(116, Short.MAX_VALUE))
);
}
private void GoToMainMenuButtonMouseClicked(java.awt.event.MouseEvent evt)
{
// go back to the MainPanel
CardLayout layout = (CardLayout) (MainPanel.getLayout());
layout.show(MainPanel, "MainMenu");
}
private javax.swing.JButton GoToMainMenuButton;
private javax.swing.JLabel jLabel1;
}
Main MenuPanel.java将是一个带有按钮的JPanel,当按下按钮时,将更新显示面板中JLabel文本设置的变量。
import java.awt.*;
import javax.swing.*;
public class MainMenuPanel extends javax.swing.JPanel
{
private JPanel MainPanel;
public MainMenuPanel(JPanel MainPanel)
{
this.MainPanel = MainPanel;
initComponents(); // Creates my panel with the JLabels/buttons etc
}
@SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
private void initComponents()
{
GoToDisplayPanelButton = new javax.swing.JButton();
GoToDisplayPanelButton.setText("Press Me");
GoToDisplayPanelButton.addMouseListener(new java.awt.event.MouseAdapter()
{
public void mouseClicked(java.awt.event.MouseEvent evt)
{
GoToDisplayPanelButtonMouseClicked(evt);
}
});
javax.swing.GroupLayout layout = new javax.swing.GroupLayout(this);
this.setLayout(layout);
layout.setHorizontalGroup(
layout.createParallelGroup(javax.swing.GroupLayout.Alignment.LEADING)
.addGroup(layout.createSequentialGroup()
.addGap(252, 252, 252)
.addComponent(GoToDisplayPanelButton)
.addContainerGap(260, Short.MAX_VALUE))
);
layout.setVerticalGroup(
layout.createParallelGroup(javax.swing.GroupLayout.Alignment.LEADING)
.addGroup(javax.swing.GroupLayout.Alignment.TRAILING, layout.createSequentialGroup()
.addContainerGap(198, Short.MAX_VALUE)
.addComponent(GoToDisplayPanelButton)
.addGap(175, 175, 175))
);
}
private void GoToDisplayPanelButtonMouseClicked(java.awt.event.MouseEvent evt)
{
// Changes the value of item. I want this change to be reflected on my
// JLabel in DisplayPanel.java, but it is not because I do not explicitly
// call setText on the JLabel here. I am wondering if there is a way to
// have my JLabel automatically update when the variable in its setText
// is changed, without having to directly call setText. Or some other
// way to update it without calling setText every time I change something.
GUI.item = "new value";
// Switches to my DisplayPanel which should show the updated name in its JLabel
CardLayout layout = (CardLayout)(MainPanel.getLayout());
layout.show(MainPanel, "Display");
}
private javax.swing.JButton GoToDisplayPanelButton;
}
您需要使用通知系统,让模型(“后端”)在数据更改时通知视图(图形用户界面)。然后视图可以请求更新的信息,并使用它来更新JLabel显示。这方面的细节将取决于您的代码的细节,但我经常给我的模型(或模型周围的包装器)一个SwingProperty tyChangeSupport字段以及addProperty tyChangeListener(...)
和类似的删除监听器方法,然后在模型的在更改属性(绑定属性)的方法中,触发SwingProperty tyChangeSupport的通知方法。有关实现的更多细节,您应该考虑显示代码的一些细节,最好是一个最小的示例程序。
举个例子
编辑
请注意,如果您只需要通知何时调用show,则始终可以扩展CardLayout并覆盖其show(…)
方法。但是如果你这么做了,别忘了调用
super。秀(…)
方法。
编辑
注意对/]指示的代码所做的更改
import java.awt.CardLayout;
import java.beans.PropertyChangeEvent;
import java.beans.PropertyChangeListener;
import javax.swing.*;
@SuppressWarnings("serial")
public class GUI extends javax.swing.JFrame {
public static final String ITEM = "item";
public String item; // !! this should not be static!
private javax.swing.JPanel MainPanel;
public GUI() {
// creates a JPanel called MainPanel which will hold the cards
// in my CardLayout
initComponents();
}
// !!
public void setItem(String item) {
String oldValue = this.item;
String newValue = item;
this.item = item;
firePropertyChange(ITEM, oldValue, newValue);
}
//!!
public String getItem() {
return item;
}
private void initComponents() {
MainPanel = new javax.swing.JPanel();
setDefaultCloseOperation(javax.swing.WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
MainPanel.setBackground(new java.awt.Color(198, 118, 38));
MainPanel.setMaximumSize(new java.awt.Dimension(1000, 1000));
MainPanel.setName(""); // NOI18N
MainPanel.setPreferredSize(new java.awt.Dimension(1024, 768));
MainPanel.setLayout(new java.awt.CardLayout());
javax.swing.GroupLayout layout = new javax.swing.GroupLayout(
getContentPane());
getContentPane().setLayout(layout);
layout.setHorizontalGroup(layout.createParallelGroup(
javax.swing.GroupLayout.Alignment.LEADING).addGroup(
javax.swing.GroupLayout.Alignment.TRAILING,
layout.createSequentialGroup()
.addContainerGap(javax.swing.GroupLayout.DEFAULT_SIZE,
Short.MAX_VALUE)
.addComponent(MainPanel,
javax.swing.GroupLayout.DEFAULT_SIZE,
javax.swing.GroupLayout.DEFAULT_SIZE,
javax.swing.GroupLayout.PREFERRED_SIZE)
.addContainerGap()));
layout.setVerticalGroup(layout.createParallelGroup(
javax.swing.GroupLayout.Alignment.LEADING).addGroup(
javax.swing.GroupLayout.Alignment.TRAILING,
layout.createSequentialGroup()
.addContainerGap(javax.swing.GroupLayout.DEFAULT_SIZE,
Short.MAX_VALUE)
.addComponent(MainPanel,
javax.swing.GroupLayout.DEFAULT_SIZE,
javax.swing.GroupLayout.DEFAULT_SIZE,
javax.swing.GroupLayout.PREFERRED_SIZE)
.addContainerGap()));
pack();
setLocationRelativeTo(null);
}
// Grab the panel that was created in initComponents() so that I can add
// other panels to it
public JPanel getMainPanel() {
return MainPanel;
}
public static void main(String args[]) {
java.awt.EventQueue.invokeLater(new Runnable() {
@Override
public void run() {
final GUI mainGUI = new GUI();
// The JLabel in DisplayPanel.java will initially say root
// !! item = "root";
mainGUI.setItem("root"); // !!
JPanel cardHolder = mainGUI.getMainPanel();
// This panel contains a button which will update the name of
// the currentUserAccount
final MainMenuPanel mainMenu = new MainMenuPanel(cardHolder,
mainGUI); // !!
cardHolder.add(mainMenu, "MainMenu");
// This panel holds a JLabel that I want to have updated
// automatically
// when the user presses the button on MainMenuPanel
final DisplayPanel display = new DisplayPanel(cardHolder, mainGUI); // !!
cardHolder.add(display, "Display");
mainGUI.pack();
mainGUI.setVisible(true);
// !!
mainGUI.addPropertyChangeListener(ITEM,
new PropertyChangeListener() {
@Override
public void propertyChange(PropertyChangeEvent pcEvt) {
String itemText = mainGUI.getItem();
display.setJLabel1Text(itemText);
}
});
}
});
}
}
@SuppressWarnings("serial")
class DisplayPanel extends javax.swing.JPanel {
private JPanel mainPanel;
private GUI mainGui; // !!
public DisplayPanel(JPanel mainPanel, GUI mainGui) { // !!
this.mainPanel = mainPanel;
this.mainGui = mainGui;// !!
initComponents(); // Creates my panel with the JLabels/buttons etc
}
// !! added
public void setJLabel1Text(String text) {
jLabel1.setText(text);
}
private void initComponents() {
jLabel1 = new javax.swing.JLabel();
GoToMainMenuButton = new javax.swing.JButton();
jLabel1.setFont(new java.awt.Font("Tahoma", 0, 18)); // NOI18N
// !! jLabel1.setText(GUI.item); // sets the JLabel to the GUI.item
// variable
jLabel1.setText(mainGui.getItem()); // !!
GoToMainMenuButton.setText("Go to MainMenuPanel");
GoToMainMenuButton.addMouseListener(new java.awt.event.MouseAdapter() {
public void mouseClicked(java.awt.event.MouseEvent evt) {
GoToMainMenuButtonMouseClicked(evt);
}
});
javax.swing.GroupLayout layout = new javax.swing.GroupLayout(this);
this.setLayout(layout);
layout.setHorizontalGroup(layout
.createParallelGroup(javax.swing.GroupLayout.Alignment.LEADING)
.addGroup(
javax.swing.GroupLayout.Alignment.TRAILING,
layout.createSequentialGroup()
.addContainerGap(269, Short.MAX_VALUE)
.addGroup(
layout.createParallelGroup(
javax.swing.GroupLayout.Alignment.LEADING)
.addComponent(GoToMainMenuButton)
.addComponent(
jLabel1,
javax.swing.GroupLayout.PREFERRED_SIZE,
145,
javax.swing.GroupLayout.PREFERRED_SIZE))
.addGap(266, 266, 266)));
layout.setVerticalGroup(layout.createParallelGroup(
javax.swing.GroupLayout.Alignment.LEADING).addGroup(
layout.createSequentialGroup()
.addGap(168, 168, 168)
.addComponent(jLabel1,
javax.swing.GroupLayout.PREFERRED_SIZE, 63,
javax.swing.GroupLayout.PREFERRED_SIZE)
.addGap(83, 83, 83).addComponent(GoToMainMenuButton)
.addContainerGap(116, Short.MAX_VALUE)));
}
private void GoToMainMenuButtonMouseClicked(java.awt.event.MouseEvent evt) {
// go back to the MainPanel
CardLayout layout = (CardLayout) (mainPanel.getLayout());
layout.show(mainPanel, "MainMenu");
}
private javax.swing.JButton GoToMainMenuButton;
private javax.swing.JLabel jLabel1;
}
@SuppressWarnings("serial")
class MainMenuPanel extends javax.swing.JPanel {
private JPanel MainPanel;
private GUI mainGui; // !!
public MainMenuPanel(JPanel MainPanel, GUI mainGui) { // !!
this.MainPanel = MainPanel;
this.mainGui = mainGui; // !!
initComponents(); // Creates my panel with the JLabels/buttons etc
}
private void initComponents() {
GoToDisplayPanelButton = new javax.swing.JButton();
GoToDisplayPanelButton.setText("Press Me");
GoToDisplayPanelButton
.addMouseListener(new java.awt.event.MouseAdapter() {
public void mouseClicked(java.awt.event.MouseEvent evt) {
GoToDisplayPanelButtonMouseClicked(evt);
}
});
javax.swing.GroupLayout layout = new javax.swing.GroupLayout(this);
this.setLayout(layout);
layout.setHorizontalGroup(layout.createParallelGroup(
javax.swing.GroupLayout.Alignment.LEADING).addGroup(
layout.createSequentialGroup().addGap(252, 252, 252)
.addComponent(GoToDisplayPanelButton)
.addContainerGap(260, Short.MAX_VALUE)));
layout.setVerticalGroup(layout.createParallelGroup(
javax.swing.GroupLayout.Alignment.LEADING).addGroup(
javax.swing.GroupLayout.Alignment.TRAILING,
layout.createSequentialGroup()
.addContainerGap(198, Short.MAX_VALUE)
.addComponent(GoToDisplayPanelButton).addGap(175, 175, 175)));
}
private void GoToDisplayPanelButtonMouseClicked(java.awt.event.MouseEvent evt) {
// Changes the value of item. I want this change to be reflected on my
// JLabel in DisplayPanel.java, but it is not because I do not explicitly
// call setText on the JLabel here. I am wondering if there is a way to
// have my JLabel automatically update when the variable in its setText
// is changed, without having to directly call setText. Or some other
// way to update it without calling setText every time I change something.
// !! GUI.item = "new value";
mainGui.setItem("new value"); // !!
// Switches to my DisplayPanel which should show the updated name in its
// JLabel
CardLayout layout = (CardLayout) (MainPanel.getLayout());
layout.show(MainPanel, "Display");
}
private javax.swing.JButton GoToDisplayPanelButton;
}
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