我正在使用matplotlib创建OHLC烛台股价图。我正在使用mpl_finance的烛台ohlc模块创建图表。创建图表很简单,但是图表底部的x轴和y轴显示的是给定光标位置的日期和y轴值,但我希望x轴和y轴显示的是日期和日期打开、高、低、关闭(ohlc)值,而不仅仅是日期和y轴光标位置值。quotes数据集的格式为元组列表,其中每个元组包含日期,数字后跟open、high、low、close和volume。我试图使用matplotlib的format_coord函数来指定ohlc值,但我不知道如何让format_coord函数接受包含日期和相关ohlc值的列表作为输入,然后给出所需的日期和ohlc输出。下面是我编写的一些简化代码,它展示了我的问题:下面的代码现在已被修改,以使其完全工作:
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
from matplotlib.dates import DateFormatter, WeekdayLocator, DayLocator, MONDAY
from mpl_finance import candlestick_ohlc
from matplotlib.dates import date2num, num2date
def ohlc_daily_date_axis():
mondays = WeekdayLocator(MONDAY)
alldays = DayLocator()
weekFormatter = DateFormatter('%b %d %Y') # e.g., Jan 12 2018
quotes = [(737042.0, 2.72, 2.78, 2.6815, 2.74, 414378.0),
(737045.0, 2.71, 2.77, 2.57, 2.63, 578841.0),
(737046.0, 2.64, 2.64, 2.4228, 2.47, 1451450.0),
(737047.0, 2.9, 3.15, 2.7, 2.96, 7230260.0),
(737048.0, 2.92, 3.29, 2.67, 2.83, 2784110.0),
(737049.0, 2.78, 2.82, 2.4701, 2.51, 822776.0),
(737052.0, 2.56, 2.6344, 2.49, 2.5, 278883.0),
(737054.0, 2.5, 2.619, 2.34, 2.6, 606002.0),
(737055.0, 2.57, 2.63, 2.45, 2.57, 1295820.0),
(737056.0, 2.57, 2.75, 2.51, 2.65, 435838.0)]
fig, ax = plt.subplots(figsize=(18,5))
plt.subplots_adjust(bottom=0.2)
ax.xaxis.set_major_locator(mondays)
ax.xaxis.set_minor_locator(alldays)
ax.xaxis.set_major_formatter(weekFormatter)
candlestick_ohlc(ax, quotes, width=0.6)
ax.xaxis_date()
ax.autoscale_view()
plt.setp(plt.gca().get_xticklabels(), rotation=45,
horizontalalignment='right')
#the following line puts the ohlc data in the y axis display
ax.format_coord = get_ohlc_from_date_xy
# the following line puts the ohlc data in the x axis display
#ax.fmt_xdata = get_ohlc_from_date_x
plt.show()
def get_ohlc_from_date_x(dateasnum):
print('dateasnum: ', int(dateasnum))
quotes = [(737042.0, 2.72, 2.78, 2.6815, 2.74, 414378.0),
(737045.0, 2.71, 2.77, 2.57, 2.63, 578841.0),
(737046.0, 2.64, 2.64, 2.4228, 2.47, 1451450.0),
(737047.0, 2.9, 3.15, 2.7, 2.96, 7230260.0),
(737048.0, 2.92, 3.29, 2.67, 2.83, 2784110.0),
(737049.0, 2.78, 2.82, 2.4701, 2.51, 822776.0),
(737052.0, 2.56, 2.6344, 2.49, 2.5, 278883.0),
(737054.0, 2.5, 2.619, 2.34, 2.6, 606002.0),
(737055.0, 2.57, 2.63, 2.45, 2.57, 1295820.0),
(737056.0, 2.57, 2.75, 2.51, 2.65, 435838.0)]
for i in range(len(quotes)):
if int(dateasnum) == quotes[i][0]:
open = quotes[i][1]
high = quotes[i][2]
low = quotes[i][3]
close = quotes[i][4]
vol = quotes[i][5]
dte = str(num2date(dateasnum).date())
print('type(dte): ', type(dte))
print('open: ', open)
ohlc_str = dte + ' open: ' + str(open) + ' high: ' + str(high) + '
low: ' + str(low) + ' close: ' + str(close) + ' vol: ' + str(int(vol))
+ ' '
return ohlc_str
def get_ohlc_from_date_xy(dateasnum,y):
print('dateasnum: ', int(dateasnum))
quotes = [(737042.0, 2.72, 2.78, 2.6815, 2.74, 414378.0),
(737045.0, 2.71, 2.77, 2.57, 2.63, 578841.0),
(737046.0, 2.64, 2.64, 2.4228, 2.47, 1451450.0),
(737047.0, 2.9, 3.15, 2.7, 2.96, 7230260.0),
(737048.0, 2.92, 3.29, 2.67, 2.83, 2784110.0),
(737049.0, 2.78, 2.82, 2.4701, 2.51, 822776.0),
(737052.0, 2.56, 2.6344, 2.49, 2.5, 278883.0),
(737054.0, 2.5, 2.619, 2.34, 2.6, 606002.0),
(737055.0, 2.57, 2.63, 2.45, 2.57, 1295820.0),
(737056.0, 2.57, 2.75, 2.51, 2.65, 435838.0)]
for i in range(len(quotes)):
if int(dateasnum) == quotes[i][0]:
open = quotes[i][1]
high = quotes[i][2]
low = quotes[i][3]
close = quotes[i][4]
vol = quotes[i][5]
dte = str(num2date(dateasnum).date())
#print('type(dte): ', type(dte))
#print('open: ', open)
ohlc_str = 'open: ' + str(open) + ' high: ' + str(high) + '
low: ' + str(low) + ' close: ' + str(close) + ' vol: ' + str(int(vol))
return dte, ohlc_str
# This def does not work
def format_coord(x,y, quotes):
for i in range(len(quotes)):
if int(x) == quotes[i]:
open = quotes[i][1]
high = quotes[i][2]
low = quotes[i][3]
close = quotes[i][4]
vol = quotes[i][5]
y = 'open: ' + open # I'm just using open to simplify things
x = DateFormatter('%b %d %Y')
return (x,y)
if __name__ == '__main__':
ohlc_daily_date_axis()
如果按原样运行此代码,则会出现以下错误(这是我在使用错误的def格式_coord(x,y,引号)方法时遇到的错误):
File "/Users/Me/Mee/python_db_programs/learn_matplotlib_test.py", line 33,
in ohlc_daily_date_axis
ax.format_coord = format_coord(quotes)
TypeError: format_coord() missing 2 required positional arguments: 'y'
and 'quotes'
如果我把斧头砍掉。format_coord=format_coord(引号)行然后代码运行正常,但在x和y显示中没有我想要的日期和ohlc值。如果您能提供帮助,我们将不胜感激。
我最终没有尝试更改y显示,而是将ohlc值添加到x显示。也就是说我换了斧头。format_-coord=将_-coord(引号)格式化为仅格式化x坐标(即ax)的命令。fmt_扩展数据,然后编写一个def,该def使用引号列表获取每个日期对应的ohlc数据:
ax.fmt_xdata = get_ohlc_from_date
而不是
ax.format_coord = format_coord(quotes)
然后添加了这个def:
def get_ohlc_from_date(dateasnum):
print('dateasnum: ', int(dateasnum))
quotes = [(737042.0, 2.72, 2.78, 2.6815, 2.74, 414378.0),
(737045.0, 2.71, 2.77, 2.57, 2.63, 578841.0),
(737046.0, 2.64, 2.64, 2.4228, 2.47, 1451450.0),
(737047.0, 2.9, 3.15, 2.7, 2.96, 7230260.0),
(737048.0, 2.92, 3.29, 2.67, 2.83, 2784110.0),
(737049.0, 2.78, 2.82, 2.4701, 2.51, 822776.0),
(737052.0, 2.56, 2.6344, 2.49, 2.5, 278883.0),
(737054.0, 2.5, 2.619, 2.34, 2.6, 606002.0),
(737055.0, 2.57, 2.63, 2.45, 2.57, 1295820.0),
(737056.0, 2.57, 2.75, 2.51, 2.65, 435838.0)]
for i in range(len(quotes)):
if int(dateasnum) == quotes[i][0]:
open = quotes[i][1]
high = quotes[i][2]
low = quotes[i][3]
close = quotes[i][4]
vol = quotes[i][5]
dte = str(num2date(dateasnum).date())
print('type(dte): ', type(dte))
print('open: ', open)
ohlc_str = dte + ' open: ' + str(open) + ' high: ' + str(high) + '
low: ' + str(low) + ' close: ' + str(close) + ' vol: ' + str(int(vol))
+ ' '
return ohlc_str
也因为我使用matplotlibs dateasnum函数,我必须导入:
from matplotlib.dates import num2date
虽然这并没有用ohlc值替换y轴坐标,但它确实在x轴和y轴显示中提供了ohlc值
在弄清楚如何将ohlc值添加到x轴显示器后,我意识到我用于将ohlc值添加到x轴显示器的逻辑可以应用到y轴显示器,从而允许在y轴参数中显示ohlc值。这是通过使用斧头完成的。format_coord=format_coord命令,并创建一个新的def,将ohlc值分配给y轴返回值。我修改了我发布的原始代码,以便根据ax是否可用。format_coord=格式化_coord行或ax。fmt_xdata=get_ohlc_from_注释掉日期行确定ohlc值是作为x轴显示的一部分还是作为y轴显示的一部分显示
您可以使用Plotly的烛台图表,内置您想要的一切。
这里有个例子
元组到数据框的序列
要做到这一点,您需要将数据放在一个包含列的数据框中[“日期”、“高”、“低”、“打开”、“关闭”]
,请查看pandas。数据帧。from_records,在数据帧从元组序列创建数据帧对象时将数据导入数据帧。
其他的
问题的答案
从ploly的留档:
hoverinfo–确定悬停时显示的跟踪信息。如果未设置“无”或“跳过”,则悬停时不显示任何信息。但是,如果未设置任何选项,则仍会触发单击和悬停事件。
同样值得一读:Python中的悬停文本和格式
最后审议
我知道这不是你想要的matplotlib制作的,但我认为这是一个相关的答案。
代码
def generatePlotly(df):
layout = go.Layout(
plot_bgcolor="#FFF", # Sets background color to white
hovermode="x",
hoverdistance=100, # Distance to show hover label of data point
spikedistance=1000, # Distance to show spike
xaxis=dict(
title="Data", # X Axis Title
linecolor="#BCCCDC", # Sets color of X-axis line
showgrid=False, # Removes X-axis grid lines
showspikes=True, # Show spike line for X-axis
gridcolor="#BCCCDC", # Grid color, if enabled
# Format spike - Show a Line at the pointer
spikethickness=2,
spikedash="dot",
spikecolor="#999999",
spikemode="across",
fixedrange=True,
spikesnap="cursor",
),
yaxis=dict(
title="Preço (R$)", # Y Axis Title
linecolor="#BCCCDC", # Sets color of Y-axis line
showgrid=False, # Removes Y-axis grid lines
gridcolor="#BCCCDC", # Grid color, if enabled
showspikes=True, # Show spike line for X-axis
# Format spike - Show a Line at the pointer
spikethickness=2,
spikedash="dot",
spikecolor="#999999",
spikemode="across",
fixedrange=True,
side="right",
spikesnap="cursor",
),
margin=go.layout.Margin(
l=0, # left margin
r=0, # right margin
b=0, # bottom margin
t=0, # top margin
),
)
fig = go.Figure(
data=[
go.Candlestick(
x=df["Date"], # Your data
open=df["Open"],
high=df["High"],
low=df["Low"],
close=df["Close"],
)
],
layout=layout,
)
# Remove rangeslider from the chart, you can just comment the next line
fig.update_layout(xaxis_rangeslider_visible=False)
# Legend position
fig.update_layout(legend=dict(yanchor="top", y=0.99, xanchor="left", x=0.01))
############################################################
# For this part look at EXTRAS at the bottom of the answer #
############################################################
# build complete timepline from start date to end date
dt_all = pd.date_range(start=df["Date"].iloc[0], end=df["Date"].iloc[-1])
# retrieve the dates that ARE in the original datset
dt_obs = [d.strftime("%Y-%m-%d") for d in pd.to_datetime(df["Date"])]
# define dates with missing values
dt_breaks = [d for d in dt_all.strftime("%Y-%m-%d").tolist() if not d in dt_obs]
fig.update_xaxes(
rangebreaks=[
# dict(bounds=["sat", "mon"]), # hide weekends
dict(values=dt_breaks)
]
)
# Hover Distance and Hover Info
# fig.update_layout(hoverdistance=0)
# fig.update_traces(xaxis="x", hoverinfo="none")
fig.show()
额外费用
Plotly:如何设置Plotly地物的样式,使其不显示缺失日期的间隙?
下面的解决方案允许matplotlib OHLC烛台图的x轴和y轴读数在y轴读数中显示OHLC值,而不是在y轴光标位置。
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
from matplotlib.dates import DateFormatter, WeekdayLocator, DayLocator,
MONDAY
from mpl_finance import candlestick_ohlc
from matplotlib.dates import date2num, num2date
def ohlc_daily_date_axis():
mondays = WeekdayLocator(MONDAY)
alldays = DayLocator()
weekFormatter = DateFormatter('%b %d %Y') # e.g., Jan 12 2018
quotes = [(737042.0, 2.72, 2.78, 2.6815, 2.74, 414378.0),
(737045.0, 2.71, 2.77, 2.57, 2.63, 578841.0),
(737046.0, 2.64, 2.64, 2.4228, 2.47, 1451450.0),
(737047.0, 2.9, 3.15, 2.7, 2.96, 7230260.0),
(737048.0, 2.92, 3.29, 2.67, 2.83, 2784110.0),
(737049.0, 2.78, 2.82, 2.4701, 2.51, 822776.0),
(737052.0, 2.56, 2.6344, 2.49, 2.5, 278883.0),
(737054.0, 2.5, 2.619, 2.34, 2.6, 606002.0),
(737055.0, 2.57, 2.63, 2.45, 2.57, 1295820.0),
(737056.0, 2.57, 2.75, 2.51, 2.65, 435838.0)]
fig, ax = plt.subplots(figsize=(18,5))
plt.subplots_adjust(bottom=0.2)
ax.xaxis.set_major_locator(mondays)
ax.xaxis.set_minor_locator(alldays)
ax.xaxis.set_major_formatter(weekFormatter)
candlestick_ohlc(ax, quotes, width=0.6)
ax.xaxis_date()
ax.autoscale_view()
plt.setp(plt.gca().get_xticklabels(), rotation=45,
horizontalalignment='right')
#the following line puts the ohlc data in the y axis display
ax.format_coord = get_ohlc_from_date_xy
# the following line puts the ohlc data in the x axis display
#ax.fmt_xdata = get_ohlc_from_date_x
plt.show()
def get_ohlc_from_date_x(dateasnum):
print('dateasnum: ', int(dateasnum))
quotes = [(737042.0, 2.72, 2.78, 2.6815, 2.74, 414378.0),
(737045.0, 2.71, 2.77, 2.57, 2.63, 578841.0),
(737046.0, 2.64, 2.64, 2.4228, 2.47, 1451450.0),
(737047.0, 2.9, 3.15, 2.7, 2.96, 7230260.0),
(737048.0, 2.92, 3.29, 2.67, 2.83, 2784110.0),
(737049.0, 2.78, 2.82, 2.4701, 2.51, 822776.0),
(737052.0, 2.56, 2.6344, 2.49, 2.5, 278883.0),
(737054.0, 2.5, 2.619, 2.34, 2.6, 606002.0),
(737055.0, 2.57, 2.63, 2.45, 2.57, 1295820.0),
(737056.0, 2.57, 2.75, 2.51, 2.65, 435838.0)]
for i in range(len(quotes)):
if int(dateasnum) == quotes[i][0]:
open = quotes[i][1]
high = quotes[i][2]
low = quotes[i][3]
close = quotes[i][4]
vol = quotes[i][5]
dte = str(num2date(dateasnum).date())
print('type(dte): ', type(dte))
print('open: ', open)
ohlc_str = dte + ' open: ' + str(open) + ' high: ' + str(high) + '
low: ' + str(low) + ' close: ' + str(close) + ' vol: ' + str(int(vol))
+ ' '
return ohlc_str
def get_ohlc_from_date_xy(dateasnum,y):
print('dateasnum: ', int(dateasnum))
quotes = [(737042.0, 2.72, 2.78, 2.6815, 2.74, 414378.0),
(737045.0, 2.71, 2.77, 2.57, 2.63, 578841.0),
(737046.0, 2.64, 2.64, 2.4228, 2.47, 1451450.0),
(737047.0, 2.9, 3.15, 2.7, 2.96, 7230260.0),
(737048.0, 2.92, 3.29, 2.67, 2.83, 2784110.0),
(737049.0, 2.78, 2.82, 2.4701, 2.51, 822776.0),
(737052.0, 2.56, 2.6344, 2.49, 2.5, 278883.0),
(737054.0, 2.5, 2.619, 2.34, 2.6, 606002.0),
(737055.0, 2.57, 2.63, 2.45, 2.57, 1295820.0),
(737056.0, 2.57, 2.75, 2.51, 2.65, 435838.0)]
for i in range(len(quotes)):
if int(dateasnum) == quotes[i][0]:
open = quotes[i][1]
high = quotes[i][2]
low = quotes[i][3]
close = quotes[i][4]
vol = quotes[i][5]
dte = str(num2date(dateasnum).date())
#print('type(dte): ', type(dte))
#print('open: ', open)
ohlc_str = 'open: ' + str(open) + ' high: ' + str(high) + '
low: ' + str(low) + ' close: ' + str(close) + ' vol: ' + str(int(vol))
return dte, ohlc_str
if __name__ == '__main__':
ohlc_daily_date_axis()
我有一张图表,我已经知道我需要的刻度数。有3个是分组条形图。我在绞尽脑汁想怎么强迫它。现在它显示0到我的数据集中的任何数字,并根据需要自动缩放。 默认情况下,假设我使用数字来缩放,但在这种情况下,它是Y轴上的正、中性、负(字面意思是这些标签),它们是与X轴上的特定日期相关的数据点(有2个分组条标记为AM/PM)。 图表。js文档似乎没有解释如何在ticks配置的数字之外进行调整,我也不确定如何将其
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