创建名为“ {java}”的线程（即轻量级进程）是为了什么？

Question

我写了一个Java程序，它会休眠一段时间：

package com.mycompany.app;

import java.lang.System;
import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;

public class Main {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
    System.out.println("the current process's pid is " + ProcessHandle.current().pid());
    try {
        TimeUnit.SECONDS.sleep(200);
        } catch (InterruptedException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }

        System.out.println("Hello World!"); // Prints the string to the console.

    }
}

我使用以下程序运行该程序：

$ java -cp target com.mycompany.app.Main 
the current process's pid is 10172

我检查了Ubuntu创建的运行它的过程：

$ pstree -pau -l -G -s 10172
systemd,1 splash
  └─lxterminal,3194,t
      └─bash,12150
          └─java,10172 -cp target com.mycompany.app.Main
              ├─{java},10173
              ├─{java},10174
              ├─{java},10175
              ├─{java},10176
              ├─{java},10177
              ├─{java},10178
              ├─{java},10179
              ├─{java},10180
              ├─{java},10181
              ├─{java},10182
              ├─{java},10183
              ├─{java},10184
              ├─{java},10185
              ├─{java},10186
              ├─{java},10187
              ├─{java},10188
              ├─{java},10189
              └─{java},10190

• 这些命名的线程（即轻量级进程）{java} 是为什么创建的？
• 是否有可能使用某些命令从shell运行哪些程序？
• 哪些进程（和LWP）正在运行JVM？
• 哪些进程（和LWP）正在运行我的Java程序？

Answer 1

所有这些线程都属于JVM。
运行jstack <pid>以获取线程列表。

"main" #1 prio=5 os_prio=0 cpu=150.00ms elapsed=8.04s tid=0x00007f9f90011000 nid=0x107 waiting on condition  [0x00007f9f99f9f000]
   java.lang.Thread.State: TIMED_WAITING (sleeping)
        at java.lang.Thread.sleep(java.base@11.0.1/Native Method)
        at java.lang.Thread.sleep(java.base@11.0.1/Thread.java:339)
        at java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit.sleep(java.base@11.0.1/TimeUnit.java:446)
        at com.mycompany.app.Main.main(Main.java:10)

"Reference Handler" #2 daemon prio=10 os_prio=0 cpu=0.00ms elapsed=7.95s tid=0x00007f9f901f9000 nid=0x10e waiting on condition  [0x00007f9f6c10f000]
   java.lang.Thread.State: RUNNABLE
        at java.lang.ref.Reference.waitForReferencePendingList(java.base@11.0.1/Native Method)
        at java.lang.ref.Reference.processPendingReferences(java.base@11.0.1/Reference.java:241)
        at java.lang.ref.Reference$ReferenceHandler.run(java.base@11.0.1/Reference.java:213)

"Finalizer" #3 daemon prio=8 os_prio=0 cpu=0.00ms elapsed=7.95s tid=0x00007f9f901fd800 nid=0x10f in Object.wait()  [0x00007f9f65fef000]
   java.lang.Thread.State: WAITING (on object monitor)
        at java.lang.Object.wait(java.base@11.0.1/Native Method)
        - waiting on <0x0000000712108f80> (a java.lang.ref.ReferenceQueue$Lock)
        at java.lang.ref.ReferenceQueue.remove(java.base@11.0.1/ReferenceQueue.java:155)
        - waiting to re-lock in wait() <0x0000000712108f80> (a java.lang.ref.ReferenceQueue$Lock)
        at java.lang.ref.ReferenceQueue.remove(java.base@11.0.1/ReferenceQueue.java:176)
        at java.lang.ref.Finalizer$FinalizerThread.run(java.base@11.0.1/Finalizer.java:170)

"Signal Dispatcher" #4 daemon prio=9 os_prio=0 cpu=0.00ms elapsed=7.93s tid=0x00007f9f90210000 nid=0x110 runnable  [0x0000000000000000]
   java.lang.Thread.State: RUNNABLE

"C2 CompilerThread0" #5 daemon prio=9 os_prio=0 cpu=40.00ms elapsed=7.93s tid=0x00007f9f90212000 nid=0x111 waiting on condition  [0x0000000000000000]
   java.lang.Thread.State: RUNNABLE
   No compile task

"C1 CompilerThread0" #7 daemon prio=9 os_prio=0 cpu=40.00ms elapsed=7.93s tid=0x00007f9f90214000 nid=0x112 waiting on condition  [0x0000000000000000]
   java.lang.Thread.State: RUNNABLE
   No compile task

"Sweeper thread" #8 daemon prio=9 os_prio=0 cpu=10.00ms elapsed=7.93s tid=0x00007f9f90216000 nid=0x113 runnable  [0x0000000000000000]
   java.lang.Thread.State: RUNNABLE

"Service Thread" #9 daemon prio=9 os_prio=0 cpu=0.00ms elapsed=7.90s tid=0x00007f9f902d3800 nid=0x114 runnable  [0x0000000000000000]
   java.lang.Thread.State: RUNNABLE

"Common-Cleaner" #10 daemon prio=8 os_prio=0 cpu=0.00ms elapsed=7.89s tid=0x00007f9f902df800 nid=0x116 in Object.wait()  [0x00007f9f656ef000]
   java.lang.Thread.State: TIMED_WAITING (on object monitor)
        at java.lang.Object.wait(java.base@11.0.1/Native Method)
        - waiting on <0x0000000712002df0> (a java.lang.ref.ReferenceQueue$Lock)
        at java.lang.ref.ReferenceQueue.remove(java.base@11.0.1/ReferenceQueue.java:155)
        - waiting to re-lock in wait() <0x0000000712002df0> (a java.lang.ref.ReferenceQueue$Lock)
        at jdk.internal.ref.CleanerImpl.run(java.base@11.0.1/CleanerImpl.java:148)
        at java.lang.Thread.run(java.base@11.0.1/Thread.java:834)
        at jdk.internal.misc.InnocuousThread.run(java.base@11.0.1/InnocuousThread.java:134)

"Attach Listener" #11 daemon prio=9 os_prio=0 cpu=0.00ms elapsed=0.21s tid=0x00007f9f44001000 nid=0x126 waiting on condition  [0x0000000000000000]
   java.lang.Thread.State: RUNNABLE

"VM Thread" os_prio=0 cpu=0.00ms elapsed=7.95s tid=0x00007f9f901f1000 nid=0x10d runnable

"GC Thread#0" os_prio=0 cpu=0.00ms elapsed=8.01s tid=0x00007f9f90038800 nid=0x108 runnable

"G1 Main Marker" os_prio=0 cpu=0.00ms elapsed=8.00s tid=0x00007f9f90097800 nid=0x109 runnable

"G1 Conc#0" os_prio=0 cpu=0.00ms elapsed=8.00s tid=0x00007f9f90099800 nid=0x10a runnable

"G1 Refine#0" os_prio=0 cpu=0.00ms elapsed=8.00s tid=0x00007f9f9018d000 nid=0x10b runnable

"G1 Young RemSet Sampling" os_prio=0 cpu=0.00ms elapsed=8.00s tid=0x00007f9f9018f000 nid=0x10c runnable
"VM Periodic Task Thread" os_prio=0 cpu=0.00ms elapsed=7.90s tid=0x00007f9f902d6000 nid=0x115 waiting on condition

这nid是操作系统中线程的十六进制ID，您可以将其与的输出匹配pstree。

第一个命名main的线程是执行代码的线程。

• Reference Handler线程负责将垃圾收集器发现的弱引用，软引用和幻像引用添加到其注册的ReferenceQueues中。

• Finalizerfinalize准备运行的对象的线程运行方法。

• Signal Dispatcher等待特定的操作系统信号并处理它们。特别是，它使线程转储上SIGQUIT，还启动对VM关机过程SIGTERM，SIGINT和SIGHUP。

CompilerThreads 执行字节码的JIT编译。

• Sweeper thread 清理过时的编译方法。

• Service Thread 运行一些后台JVM任务：检测内存不足情况，清理StringTable和SymbolTable，发送延迟的JVMTI事件和GC通知等。

• Common-Cleaner运行java.lang.ref.Cleaner实例的清理操作。

• Attach Listener线程支持动态附加机制。它侦听传入的动态附加连接并执行VM命令。例如，它是由使用jstack，jmap与jcmd实用程序。

• VM Thread运行需要一个内部VM操作还原点。这样的操作的示例是反优化，类重新定义，有偏的锁吊销，线程转储，堆检查等。

• G1 线程参与垃圾回收。

• VM Periodic Task Thread 用于模拟定时器中断。