在子类中覆盖equals（）和hashCode（）……考虑到超级字段

Question

关于如何考虑 超字段的 子类中的 Override
equals()＆hashCode()in，是否有特定规则？知道有很多参数：超字段是private / public，有/没有getter …

例如，Netbeans生成的equals（）和hashCode（）不会考虑超级字段…和

    new HomoSapiens("M", "80", "1.80", "Cammeron", "VeryHot").equals(
    new HomoSapiens("F", "50", "1.50", "Cammeron", "VeryHot"))

将返回true :(

public class Hominidae {

    public String  gender;
    public String  weight;
    public String  height;

    public Hominidae(String gender, String weight, String height) {
        this.gender = gender;
        this.weight = weight;
        this.height = height;
    }
    ... 
}

public class HomoSapiens extends Hominidae {
    public String name;
    public String faceBookNickname;

    public HomoSapiens(String gender, String weight, String height, 
                       String name, String facebookId) {
        super(gender, weight, height);
        this.name = name;
        this.faceBookNickname = facebookId;
    }
    ...  
}

如果要查看Netbeans生成的equals（）和hashCode（）：

public class Hominidae {

    ...

    @Override
    public boolean equals(Object obj) {
        if (obj == null) {
            return false;
        }
        if (getClass() != obj.getClass()) {
            return false;
        }
        final Hominidae other = (Hominidae) obj;
        if ((this.gender == null) ? (other.gender != null) : !this.gender.equals(other.gender)) {
            return false;
        }
        if ((this.weight == null) ? (other.weight != null) : !this.weight.equals(other.weight)) {
            return false;
        }
        if ((this.height == null) ? (other.height != null) : !this.height.equals(other.height)) {
            return false;
        }
        return true;
    }

    @Override
    public int hashCode() {
        int hash = 5;
        hash = 37 * hash + (this.gender != null ? this.gender.hashCode() : 0);
        hash = 37 * hash + (this.weight != null ? this.weight.hashCode() : 0);
        hash = 37 * hash + (this.height != null ? this.height.hashCode() : 0);
        return hash;
    }

}


public class HomoSapiens extends Hominidae {

    ...

    @Override
    public boolean equals(Object obj) {
        if (obj == null) {
            return false;
        }
        if (getClass() != obj.getClass()) {
            return false;
        }
        final HomoSapiens other = (HomoSapiens) obj;
        if ((this.name == null) ? (other.name != null) : !this.name.equals(other.name)) {
            return false;
        }
        if ((this.faceBookNickname == null) ? (other.faceBookNickname != null) : !this.faceBookNickname.equals(other.faceBookNickname)) {
            return false;
        }
        return true;
    }

    @Override
    public int hashCode() {
        int hash = 7;
        hash = 89 * hash + (this.name != null ? this.name.hashCode() : 0);
        hash = 89 * hash + (this.faceBookNickname != null ? this.faceBookNickname.hashCode() : 0);
        return hash;
    }
}

Answer 1

儿童不应该检查父母的私人成员

但是 显然 ，对于相等性和哈希，应考虑所有重要字段。

幸运的是，您可以轻松满足这两个规则。

假设您没有被NetBeans生成的equals和hashcode困扰，则可以修改Hominidae的equals方法以使用instanceof比较而不是类相等，然后直接使用它。像这样：

    @Override  
    public boolean equals(Object obj) {  
        if (obj == null) { return false; }  
        if (getClass() != obj.getClass()) { return false; }  
        if (! super.equals(obj)) return false;
        else {
           // compare subclass fields
        }

当然，哈希码很简单：

    @Override     
    public int hashCode() {     
        int hash = super.hashCode();
        hash = 89 * hash + (this.name != null ? this.name.hashCode() : 0);     
        hash = 89 * hash + (this.faceBookNickname != null ? this.faceBookNickname.hashCode() : 0);     
        return hash;     
    }

但是，严重的是：NetBeans怎么了，没有通过调用超类方法将超类字段考虑在内？