Powershell加载dll错误：Add-Type：无法加载文件或程序集“ WebDriver.dll”或其依赖项之一。不支持操作

Question

我想使用seleniumPowerShell，selenium并从http://www.java2s.com/Code/Jar/s/Downloadseleniumremotedriver2350jar.htm下载selenium。当我尝试加载其中一个dll时，出现错误。希望有人可以帮助我。

这是我的系统信息。

OS Name:                   Microsoft Windows 7 Enterprise
OS Version:                6.1.7601 Service Pack 1 Build 7601
OS Manufacturer:           Microsoft Corporation

这是我的PowerShell信息。

PS C:\Users\test\Downloads\selenium-dotnet-2.35.0\net40> $psversiontable

Name                           Value
----                           -----
PSVersion                      4.0
WSManStackVersion              3.0
SerializationVersion           1.1.0.1
CLRVersion                     4.0.30319.18052
BuildVersion                   6.3.9421.0
PSCompatibleVersions           {1.0, 2.0, 3.0, 4.0}
PSRemotingProtocolVersion      2.2


PS C:\Users\test\Downloads\selenium-dotnet-2.35.0\net40>

这是我尝试加载dll时遇到的错误。

    PS C:\Users\test\Downloads\selenium-dotnet-2.35.0\net40> Add-Type -Path .\WebDriver.dll
    Add-Type : Could not load file or assembly 'file:///C:\Users\test\Downloads\selenium-dotnet-2.35.0\net40\WebDriver.dll' or one of its dependencies. Operation is
    not supported. (Exception from HRESULT: 0x80131515)
    At line:1 char:1
    + Add-Type -Path .\WebDriver.dll
    + ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
        + CategoryInfo          : NotSpecified: (:) [Add-Type], FileLoadException
        + FullyQualifiedErrorId : System.IO.FileLoadException,Microsoft.PowerShell.Commands.AddTypeCommand

    PS C:\Users\test\Downloads\selenium-dotnet-2.35.0\net40> [reflection.assembly]::LoadFrom(".\WebDriver.dll")
    Exception calling "LoadFrom" with "1" argument(s): "Could not load file or assembly 'file:///C:\Users\test\WebDriver.dll' or one of its dependencies. The system
    cannot find the file specified."
    At line:1 char:1
    + [reflection.assembly]::LoadFrom(".\WebDriver.dll")
    + ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
        + CategoryInfo          : NotSpecified: (:) [], MethodInvocationException
        + FullyQualifiedErrorId : FileNotFoundException

    PS C:\Users\test\Downloads\selenium-dotnet-2.35.0\net40> [reflection.assembly]::LoadFrom("WebDriver.dll")
    Exception calling "LoadFrom" with "1" argument(s): "Could not load file or assembly 'file:///C:\Users\test\WebDriver.dll' or one of its dependencies. The system
    cannot find the file specified."
    At line:1 char:1
    + [reflection.assembly]::LoadFrom("WebDriver.dll")
    + ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
        + CategoryInfo          : NotSpecified: (:) [], MethodInvocationException
        + FullyQualifiedErrorId : FileNotFoundException

    PS C:\Users\test\Downloads\selenium-dotnet-2.35.0\net40> [reflection.assembly]::LoadFrom("C:\Users\test\Downloads\selenium-dotnet-2.35.0\net40\WebDriver.dll")
    Exception calling "LoadFrom" with "1" argument(s): "Could not load file or assembly 'file:///C:\Users\test\Downloads\selenium-dotnet-2.35.0\net40\WebDriver.dll' or
    one of its dependencies. Operation is not supported. (Exception from HRESULT: 0x80131515)"
    At line:1 char:1
    + [reflection.assembly]::LoadFrom("C:\Users\test\Downloads\selenium-dotnet-2.35.0 ...
    + ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
        + CategoryInfo          : NotSpecified: (:) [], MethodInvocationException
        + FullyQualifiedErrorId : FileLoadException

    PS C:\Users\test\Downloads\selenium-dotnet-2.35.0\net40> [reflection.assembly]::LoadFile("C:\Users\test\Downloads\selenium-dotnet-2.35.0\net40\WebDriver.dll")
    Exception calling "LoadFile" with "1" argument(s): "An attempt was made to load an assembly from a network location which would have caused the assembly to be sandboxed

 in previous versions of the .NET Framework. This release of the .NET Framework does not enable CAS policy by default, so this load may be dangerous. If
    this load is not intended to sandbox the assembly, please enable the loadFromRemoteSources switch. See http://go.microsoft.com/fwlink/?LinkId=155569 for more
    information."
    At line:1 char:1
    + [reflection.assembly]::LoadFile("C:\Users\test\Downloads\selenium-dotnet-2.35.0 ...
    + ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
        + CategoryInfo          : NotSpecified: (:) [], MethodInvocationException
        + FullyQualifiedErrorId : NotSupportedException

    PS C:\Users\test\Downloads\selenium-dotnet-2.35.0\net40>

Answer 1

如果从Internet下载.DLL，默认情况下Powershell将不信任它们。您可以在此处执行以下两项操作之一：

1. 取消阻止内容。这是有关该问题的详细说明的指南，但实际上，您只需要右键单击下载的文件，选择“属性”，然后在常规选项卡中单击“取消阻止”。您可以使用Unblock-Filecmdlet 直接从powershell取消阻止内容。
2. 更改执行策略。这也可能允许您下载的恶意脚本运行，因此要小心。

专门查看和取消阻止您信任的内容似乎是更好的方法，特别是对于您的情况，因为您似乎只需要执行一次并且信任该程序包。

编辑：
如果那不能解决问题，那么我对这种类型的错误的另一种体验是当Powershell与程序集没有.NET运行时版本时。
2.0运行.NET 2运行时，而问询者需要某些组件的.NET 4。

您没有使用相同版本的PS，因此您的里程可能会有所不同，但是我会尝试根据链接的答案创建/编辑配置文件，以支持所使用的DLL的运行时。