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json树路径遍历

蒋骏
2023-12-01

前言

近来项目中有个比对报文的需求。

因为是做迁移项目，原报文是 PHP 调用的，现报文是Java调用的，需要比对关键字段是否一致。这就涉及到解析Json。因为要精确到某个字段的路径、值，就得去处理路径与值的映射关系。

本文的核心内容是，将 Json 字符串转换为树形节点，然后遍历树形节点，得到叶子节点对应的路径和值。

使用到的Json依赖是：

    <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/com.fasterxml.jackson.core/jackson-databind -->
<dependency>
    <groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId>
    <artifactId>jackson-databind</artifactId>
    <version>2.14.2</version>
</dependency>

Java编码

package org.example;

import com.fasterxml.jackson.core.JsonProcessingException;
import com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.JsonNode;
import com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.ObjectMapper;

import java.util.LinkedHashMap;
import java.util.Map;

/**
 * Json 树练习
 *
 * @version V1.0
 * @author: fengjinsong
 * @date: 2023年02月28日 08时55分
 */
public class JsonTreeDemo {
    public static void main(String[] args) throws JsonProcessingException {
        String json = "{\n" +
                "    \"code\": 0,\n" +
                "    \"message\": null,\n" +
                "    \"data\": {\n" +
                "        \"newsList\": [\n" +
                "            {\n" +
                "                \"date\": \"2023-02-28\",\n" +
                "                \"title\": \"扎克伯格：Meta将组建顶级AI团队，专注生成式人\",\n" +
                "                \"source\": \"网易科技\",\n" +
                "                \"picUrl\": \"https://nimg.ws.126.net/?url=http://dingyue.ws.126.net/2023/0228/f4c03754j00rqrmir000sc0009c007ac.jpg&thumbnail=200y140&quality=100&type=jpg\",\n" +
                "                \"url\": \"https://www.163.com/dy/article/HULCT1KC0534A4SC.html\"\n" +
                "            },\n" +
                "            {\n" +
                "                \"date\": \"2023-02-28\",\n" +
                "                \"title\": \"结合最新ChatGPT的AI能力，「中科睿智XR」希望\",\n" +
                "                \"source\": \"网易科技\",\n" +
                "                \"picUrl\": \"https://nimg.ws.126.net/?url=http://dingyue.ws.126.net/2023/0228/72075d0bj00rqrmrj002qc0009c005uc.jpg&thumbnail=200y140&quality=100&type=jpg\",\n" +
                "                \"url\": \"https://www.163.com/dy/article/HULEE6FG05118DFD.html\"\n" +
                "            },\n" +
                "            {\n" +
                "                \"date\": \"2023-02-28\",\n" +
                "                \"title\": \"Meta组建顶级AI团队，将生成式人工智能应用到旗\",\n" +
                "                \"source\": \"网易科技\",\n" +
                "                \"picUrl\": \"https://nimg.ws.126.net/?url=http://dingyue.ws.126.net/2023/0228/94c72877j00rqroo8000cc0009c005uc.jpg&thumbnail=200y140&quality=100&type=jpg\",\n" +
                "                \"url\": \"https://www.163.com/dy/article/HULF8HCR0514R9P4.html\"\n" +
                "            },\n" +
                "            {\n" +
                "                \"date\": \"2023-02-28\",\n" +
                "                \"title\": \"5G 3年等于4G 5年 第一波运营商已取得商业成功\",\n" +
                "                \"source\": \"网易科技\",\n" +
                "                \"picUrl\": \"https://nimg.ws.126.net/?url=http://cms-bucket.ws.126.net/2023/0228/cc35354ap00rqrpf80018c0009c0070c.png&thumbnail=200y140&quality=100&type=jpg\",\n" +
                "                \"url\": \"https://www.163.com/tech/article/HULG6HIN00097U7S.html\"\n" +
                "            },\n" +
                "            {\n" +
                "                \"date\": \"2023-02-28\",\n" +
                "                \"title\": \"网易厦门数字产业中心将发力产业元宇宙\",\n" +
                "                \"source\": \"网易科技\",\n" +
                "                \"picUrl\": \"https://nimg.ws.126.net/?url=http://bjnewsrec-cv.ws.126.net/little363102f859aj00rqqcmc002qc000sg00izg.jpg&thumbnail=200y140&quality=100&type=jpg\",\n" +
                "                \"url\": \"https://www.163.com/dy/article/HULBOUSB0514R9NP.html\"\n" +
                "            }\n" +
                "        ],\n" +
                "        \"errorMsg\": null\n" +
                "    },\n" +
                "    \"success\": true\n" +
                "}";


        JsonTreeDemo demo = new JsonTreeDemo();
        ObjectMapper objectMapper = new ObjectMapper();
        JsonNode jsonNode = objectMapper.readTree(json);
        Map<String, Object> resultMap = new LinkedHashMap<>(16);
        demo.traverseJsonTreeLeafNode(resultMap, "", jsonNode);
        resultMap.forEach((path, value) -> System.out.println("path => " + path + "\t\t, value => " + value));
    }

    /**
     * 遍历Json树形节点，获取其叶子节点的路径
     *
     * @param map      结过存储（key是节点路径，value是节点对应的值）
     * @param path     节点路径
     * @param jsonNode json节点，对应的是一个json串
     */
    void traverseJsonTreeLeafNode(Map<String, Object> map, String path, JsonNode jsonNode) {
        // 值节点
        if (jsonNode.isValueNode()) {
            map.put(path, String.valueOf(jsonNode));
            return;
        }

        // 对象节点
        if (jsonNode.isObject()) {
            jsonNode.fields().forEachRemaining(entry -> {
                traverseJsonTreeLeafNode(map, path + "/" + entry.getKey(), entry.getValue());
            });
        }

        // 数组节点
        if (jsonNode.isArray()) {
            int i = 0;
            for (JsonNode node : jsonNode) {
                traverseJsonTreeLeafNode(map, path + "[" + i++ + "]", node);
            }
        }
    }
}

测试json数据

{
    "code": 0,
    "message": null,
    "data": {
        "newsList": [
            {
                "date": "2023-02-28",
                "title": "扎克伯格：Meta将组建顶级AI团队，专注生成式人",
                "source": "网易科技",
                "picUrl": "https://nimg.ws.126.net/?url=http://dingyue.ws.126.net/2023/0228/f4c03754j00rqrmir000sc0009c007ac.jpg&thumbnail=200y140&quality=100&type=jpg",
                "url": "https://www.163.com/dy/article/HULCT1KC0534A4SC.html"
            },
            {
                "date": "2023-02-28",
                "title": "结合最新ChatGPT的AI能力，「中科睿智XR」希望",
                "source": "网易科技",
                "picUrl": "https://nimg.ws.126.net/?url=http://dingyue.ws.126.net/2023/0228/72075d0bj00rqrmrj002qc0009c005uc.jpg&thumbnail=200y140&quality=100&type=jpg",
                "url": "https://www.163.com/dy/article/HULEE6FG05118DFD.html"
            },
            {
                "date": "2023-02-28",
                "title": "Meta组建顶级AI团队，将生成式人工智能应用到旗",
                "source": "网易科技",
                "picUrl": "https://nimg.ws.126.net/?url=http://dingyue.ws.126.net/2023/0228/94c72877j00rqroo8000cc0009c005uc.jpg&thumbnail=200y140&quality=100&type=jpg",
                "url": "https://www.163.com/dy/article/HULF8HCR0514R9P4.html"
            },
            {
                "date": "2023-02-28",
                "title": "5G 3年等于4G 5年 第一波运营商已取得商业成功",
                "source": "网易科技",
                "picUrl": "https://nimg.ws.126.net/?url=http://cms-bucket.ws.126.net/2023/0228/cc35354ap00rqrpf80018c0009c0070c.png&thumbnail=200y140&quality=100&type=jpg",
                "url": "https://www.163.com/tech/article/HULG6HIN00097U7S.html"
            },
            {
                "date": "2023-02-28",
                "title": "网易厦门数字产业中心将发力产业元宇宙",
                "source": "网易科技",
                "picUrl": "https://nimg.ws.126.net/?url=http://bjnewsrec-cv.ws.126.net/little363102f859aj00rqqcmc002qc000sg00izg.jpg&thumbnail=200y140&quality=100&type=jpg",
                "url": "https://www.163.com/dy/article/HULBOUSB0514R9NP.html"
            }
        ],
        "errorMsg": null
    },
    "success": true
}

测试结果

path => /code		, value => 0
path => /message		, value => null
path => /data/newsList[0]/date		, value => "2023-02-28"
path => /data/newsList[0]/title		, value => "扎克伯格：Meta将组建顶级AI团队，专注生成式人"
path => /data/newsList[0]/source		, value => "网易科技"
path => /data/newsList[0]/picUrl		, value => "https://nimg.ws.126.net/?url=http://dingyue.ws.126.net/2023/0228/f4c03754j00rqrmir000sc0009c007ac.jpg&thumbnail=200y140&quality=100&type=jpg"
path => /data/newsList[0]/url		, value => "https://www.163.com/dy/article/HULCT1KC0534A4SC.html"
path => /data/newsList[1]/date		, value => "2023-02-28"
path => /data/newsList[1]/title		, value => "结合最新ChatGPT的AI能力，「中科睿智XR」希望"
path => /data/newsList[1]/source		, value => "网易科技"
path => /data/newsList[1]/picUrl		, value => "https://nimg.ws.126.net/?url=http://dingyue.ws.126.net/2023/0228/72075d0bj00rqrmrj002qc0009c005uc.jpg&thumbnail=200y140&quality=100&type=jpg"
path => /data/newsList[1]/url		, value => "https://www.163.com/dy/article/HULEE6FG05118DFD.html"
path => /data/newsList[2]/date		, value => "2023-02-28"
path => /data/newsList[2]/title		, value => "Meta组建顶级AI团队，将生成式人工智能应用到旗"
path => /data/newsList[2]/source		, value => "网易科技"
path => /data/newsList[2]/picUrl		, value => "https://nimg.ws.126.net/?url=http://dingyue.ws.126.net/2023/0228/94c72877j00rqroo8000cc0009c005uc.jpg&thumbnail=200y140&quality=100&type=jpg"
path => /data/newsList[2]/url		, value => "https://www.163.com/dy/article/HULF8HCR0514R9P4.html"
path => /data/newsList[3]/date		, value => "2023-02-28"
path => /data/newsList[3]/title		, value => "5G 3年等于4G 5年 第一波运营商已取得商业成功"
path => /data/newsList[3]/source		, value => "网易科技"
path => /data/newsList[3]/picUrl		, value => "https://nimg.ws.126.net/?url=http://cms-bucket.ws.126.net/2023/0228/cc35354ap00rqrpf80018c0009c0070c.png&thumbnail=200y140&quality=100&type=jpg"
path => /data/newsList[3]/url		, value => "https://www.163.com/tech/article/HULG6HIN00097U7S.html"
path => /data/newsList[4]/date		, value => "2023-02-28"
path => /data/newsList[4]/title		, value => "网易厦门数字产业中心将发力产业元宇宙"
path => /data/newsList[4]/source		, value => "网易科技"
path => /data/newsList[4]/picUrl		, value => "https://nimg.ws.126.net/?url=http://bjnewsrec-cv.ws.126.net/little363102f859aj00rqqcmc002qc000sg00izg.jpg&thumbnail=200y140&quality=100&type=jpg"
path => /data/newsList[4]/url		, value => "https://www.163.com/dy/article/HULBOUSB0514R9NP.html"
path => /data/errorMsg		, value => null
path => /success		, value => true
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