股票最大收益 Best Time to Buy and Sell Stock I

范稳
2023-12-01

题目源自于leetcode。

题目:Say you have an array for which the ith element is the price of a given stock on day i.If you were only permitted to complete at most one transaction (ie, buy one and sell one share of the stock), design an algorithm to find the maximum profit.

这里只允许一次买卖。与此题类似的是Best Time to Buy and Sell Stock 2,允许多次买卖。


思路:这道题困扰我了很久,一直没找对思路。我一直在想找一个极小值、再找一个极大值,极小值位于极大值的左边。并且极大值和极小值的差得是最大的。

换一个思路:从左向右扫描,low保存最小值,max保存最大差值,当往右时,不断更新low和max,这样做能保证最大值一定是在low的右边,并且最大差值一定能被最后保留下来。

这种用一个变量保存最值,然后在遍历过程中不断刷新最值的方法非常多见。比如寻找最大子序列和。


代码:

class Solution {
public:
    int maxProfit(vector<int> &prices) {
	
	int n = prices.size();
	if(n<=1)
		return 0;
	int max, low, profit;
	max = 0;
	low = prices[0];
	
	for(int i=1;i<n;i++)
	{
		profit = prices[i] - low;
		if(prices[i] < low)
			low = prices[i];
		if(profit > max)
			max = profit;
	}
    return max;
    }
};

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