前端 - npm install 安装模板不成功？

Question

下载了 PanJiaChen/vue-admin-template 的模板，但 npm install 安装不成功（把镜像换成了淘宝的镜像）。
显示:

npm warn deprecated core-js@2.6.12: core-js@<3.23.3 is no longer maintained and not recommended for usage due to the number of issues. Because of the V8 engine whims, feature detection in old core-js versions could cause a slowdown up to 100x even if nothing is polyfilled. Some versions have web compatibility issues. Please, upgrade your dependencies to the actual version of core-js.  
npm error code 1
npm error path E:\a\vue-admin-template\vue-admin-template\node_modules\node-sass
npm error command failed
npm error command C:\WINDOWS\system32\cmd.exe /d /s /c node scripts/build.js
npm error Building: C:\Program Files\nodejs\node.exe E:\a\vue-admin-template\vue-admin-template\node_modules\node-gyp\bin\node-gyp.js rebuild --verbose --libsass_ext= --libsass_cflags= --libsass_ldflags= --libsass_library=
npm error gyp info it worked if it ends with ok
npm error gyp verb cli [
npm error gyp verb cli   'C:\\Program Files\\nodejs\\node.exe',
npm error gyp verb cli   'E:\\a\\vue-admin-template\\vue-admin-template\\node_modules\\node-gyp\\bin\\node-gyp.js',
npm error gyp verb cli   'rebuild',
npm error gyp verb cli   '--verbose',
npm error gyp verb cli   '--libsass_ext=',
npm error gyp verb cli   '--libsass_cflags=',
npm error gyp verb cli   '--libsass_ldflags=',
npm error gyp verb cli   '--libsass_library='
npm error gyp verb cli ]
npm error gyp info using node-gyp@3.8.0
npm error gyp info using node@18.17.1 | win32 | x64
npm error gyp verb command rebuild []
npm error gyp verb command clean []
npm error gyp verb clean removing "build" directory
npm error gyp verb command configure []
npm error gyp verb download using dist-url https://npm.taobao.org/dist
npm error gyp verb check python checking for Python executable "python2" in the PATH
npm error gyp verb `which` failed Error: not found: python2
npm error gyp verb `which` failed     at getNotFoundError (E:\a\vue-admin-template\vue-admin-template\node_modules\which\which.js:13:12)
npm error gyp verb `which` failed     at F (E:\a\vue-admin-template\vue-admin-template\node_modules\which\which.js:68:19)
npm error gyp verb `which` failed     at E (E:\a\vue-admin-template\vue-admin-template\node_modules\which\which.js:80:29)
npm error gyp verb `which` failed     at E:\a\vue-admin-template\vue-admin-template\node_modules\which\which.js:89:16
npm error gyp verb `which` failed     at E:\a\vue-admin-template\vue-admin-template\node_modules\isexe\index.js:42:5
npm error gyp verb `which` failed     at E:\a\vue-admin-template\vue-admin-template\node_modules\isexe\windows.js:36:5
npm error gyp verb `which` failed     at FSReqCallback.oncomplete (node:fs:210:21)
npm error gyp verb `which` failed  python2 Error: not found: python2
npm error gyp verb `which` failed     at getNotFoundError (E:\a\vue-admin-template\vue-admin-template\node_modules\which\which.js:13:12)
npm error gyp verb `which` failed     at F (E:\a\vue-admin-template\vue-admin-template\node_modules\which\which.js:68:19)
npm error gyp verb `which` failed     at E (E:\a\vue-admin-template\vue-admin-template\node_modules\which\which.js:80:29)
npm error gyp verb `which` failed     at E:\a\vue-admin-template\vue-admin-template\node_modules\which\which.js:89:16
npm error gyp verb `which` failed     at E:\a\vue-admin-template\vue-admin-template\node_modules\isexe\index.js:42:5
npm error gyp verb `which` failed     at E:\a\vue-admin-template\vue-admin-template\node_modules\isexe\windows.js:36:5
npm error gyp verb `which` failed     at FSReqCallback.oncomplete (node:fs:210:21) {
npm error gyp verb `which` failed   code: 'ENOENT'
npm error gyp verb `which` failed }
npm error gyp verb check python checking for Python executable "python" in the PATH
npm error gyp verb `which` failed Error: not found: python
npm error gyp verb `which` failed     at getNotFoundError (E:\a\vue-admin-template\vue-admin-template\node_modules\which\which.js:13:12)
npm error gyp verb `which` failed     at F (E:\a\vue-admin-template\vue-admin-template\node_modules\which\which.js:68:19)
npm error gyp verb `which` failed     at E (E:\a\vue-admin-template\vue-admin-template\node_modules\which\which.js:80:29)
npm error gyp verb `which` failed     at E:\a\vue-admin-template\vue-admin-template\node_modules\which\which.js:89:16
npm error gyp verb `which` failed     at E:\a\vue-admin-template\vue-admin-template\node_modules\isexe\index.js:42:5
npm error gyp verb `which` failed     at E:\a\vue-admin-template\vue-admin-template\node_modules\isexe\windows.js:36:5
npm error gyp verb `which` failed     at FSReqCallback.oncomplete (node:fs:210:21)
npm error gyp verb `which` failed  python Error: not found: python
npm error gyp verb `which` failed     at getNotFoundError (E:\a\vue-admin-template\vue-admin-template\node_modules\which\which.js:13:12)
npm error gyp verb `which` failed     at F (E:\a\vue-admin-template\vue-admin-template\node_modules\which\which.js:68:19)
npm error gyp verb `which` failed     at E (E:\a\vue-admin-template\vue-admin-template\node_modules\which\which.js:80:29)
npm error gyp verb `which` failed     at E:\a\vue-admin-template\vue-admin-template\node_modules\which\which.js:89:16
npm error gyp verb `which` failed     at E:\a\vue-admin-template\vue-admin-template\node_modules\isexe\index.js:42:5
npm error gyp verb `which` failed     at E:\a\vue-admin-template\vue-admin-template\node_modules\isexe\windows.js:36:5
npm error gyp verb `which` failed     at FSReqCallback.oncomplete (node:fs:210:21) {
npm error gyp verb `which` failed   code: 'ENOENT'
npm error gyp verb `which` failed }
npm error gyp verb could not find "python". checking python launcher
npm error gyp verb could not find "python". guessing location
npm error gyp verb ensuring that file exists: C:\Python27\python.exe
npm error gyp ERR! configure error
npm error gyp ERR! stack Error: Can't find Python executable "python", you can set the PYTHON env variable.
npm error gyp ERR! stack     at PythonFinder.failNoPython (E:\a\vue-admin-template\vue-admin-template\node_modules\node-gyp\lib\configure.js:484:19)
npm error gyp ERR! stack     at PythonFinder.<anonymous> (E:\a\vue-admin-template\vue-admin-template\node_modules\node-gyp\lib\configure.js:509:16)
npm error gyp ERR! stack     at callback (E:\a\vue-admin-template\vue-admin-template\node_modules\graceful-fs\polyfills.js:306:20)
npm error gyp ERR! stack     at FSReqCallback.oncomplete (node:fs:210:21)
npm error gyp ERR! System Windows_NT 10.0.19045
npm error gyp ERR! command "C:\\Program Files\\nodejs\\node.exe" "E:\\a\\vue-admin-template\\vue-admin-template\\node_modules\\node-gyp\\bin\\node-gyp.js" "rebuild" "--verbose" "--libsass_ext=" 
"--libsass_cflags=" "--libsass_ldflags=" "--libsass_library="
npm error gyp ERR! cwd E:\a\vue-admin-template\vue-admin-template\node_modules\node-sass
npm error gyp ERR! node -v v18.17.1
npm error gyp ERR! node-gyp -v v3.8.0
npm error gyp ERR! not ok
npm error Build failed with error code: 1
npm error A complete log of this run can be found in: C:\Users\Komorebi\AppData\Local\npm-cache\_logs\2024-07-28T06_16_21_102Z-debug-0.log

Answer 1

1,npm 安装 node-sass 失败的解决方法, 参考 https://runoops.com/note-npm-node-sass-err.html；
2,python2 没有正确安装；

Answer 2

看起来是没有成功切换到新的淘宝源（https://registry.npmmirror.com）
老的域名 npm.taobao.org 已经在 2024-01-22 过期。

node-sass 在安装过程中安装失败会尝试本地 build，本地编译会需要 py 环境，所以会有遇到OP你贴出来的报错信息：

npm error gyp verb check python checking for Python executable "python2" in the PATH
npm error gyp verb `which` failed Error: not found: python2

切换到新的淘宝源地址就好了。

相关链接

• 为什么node-sass总是安装失败？ - 前端流浪者 - SegmentFault 思否
• 【望周知】淘宝 NPM 镜像站喊你切换新域名啦 - 知乎
• 淘宝镜像老域名SSL证书已过期

Answer 3

从你提供的错误信息来看，主要问题出在 node-sass 的编译过程中，特别是与 Python 相关的依赖。node-sass 需要 Python（通常是 Python 2.x，但现在更推荐使用 Python 3.x，并且确保版本与 node-gyp 兼容）来编译一些本地模块。此外，core-js 版本过旧也是一个需要注意的问题，但这不是导致 npm install 失败的主要原因。

以下是一些解决步骤：

1. 更新 Python：
   确保你的系统上安装了 Python。由于 Python 2.x 已经不再维护，建议安装 Python 3.x（如 Python 3.7 或更高版本）。安装后，确保 Python 的可执行文件路径被添加到了系统的环境变量 PATH 中。

2. 安装或更新 node-gyp：
   node-gyp 是一个用于编译原生 Node.js 模块的跨平台工具。你可以通过 npm 安装或更新它：

   npm install -g node-gyp

3. 全局安装 Windows 构建工具：
   如果你使用的是 Windows，并且 npm 报告缺少编译工具，你可能需要安装 Windows 构建工具。这可以通过运行以下命令来安装（可能需要管理员权限）：

   npm install --global --production windows-build-tools

4. 考虑替换 node-sass：
   由于 node-sass 依赖于 Node.js 的原生模块编译，这可能导致跨平台兼容性问题。考虑将 node-sass 替换为 sass 或 dart-sass，它们通常更稳定且易于安装：

   npm uninstall node-sass
   npm install sass --save-dev

   然后你可能需要在你的项目中修改引用 node-sass 的部分以使用 sass。

5. 清理 npm 缓存：
   有时候，清理 npm 的缓存可以解决一些奇怪的安装问题：

   npm cache clean --force

6. 重新运行 npm install：
   在进行了上述更改后，尝试再次运行 npm install。
7. 检查 npm 日志：
   如果问题仍然存在，检查 npm 日志文件（如你提供的路径中的 2024-07-28T06_16_21_102Z-debug-0.log）可能会提供更多关于错误原因的线索。

通过这些步骤，你应该能够解决 npm install 过程中的问题。如果问题仍然存在，可能需要更详细地检查项目的依赖和配置。