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问题:

单击底部导航视图时数据重置

郑博厚
2023-03-14

我的天气应用程序上有一个底部导航视图,其中包含3个面板(今天,每小时

以下是问题的说明:

我希望无论单击那些导航视图,数据都保持不变。

我试过使用https://stackoverflow.com/a/60201555/16020235建议但它失败了,只有一个例外:

java.lang.IllegalArgumentException: No view found for id 0x7f0a0116 (com.viz.lightweatherforecast:id/my_nav) for fragment ThirdFragment{90bc0de} (8e129d17-010d-41dc-9311-82e273b4e522 id=0x7f0a0116 tag=3)
        at androidx.fragment.app.FragmentStateManager.createView(FragmentStateManager.java:513)
        at androidx.fragment.app.FragmentStateManager.moveToExpectedState(FragmentStateManager.java:282)
        at androidx.fragment.app.FragmentManager.executeOpsTogether(FragmentManager.java:2189)
        at androidx.fragment.app.FragmentManager.removeRedundantOperationsAndExecute(FragmentManager.java:2100)
        at androidx.fragment.app.FragmentManager.execPendingActions(FragmentManager.java:2002)
        at androidx.fragment.app.FragmentManager.dispatchStateChange(FragmentManager.java:3134)
        at androidx.fragment.app.FragmentManager.dispatchActivityCreated(FragmentManager.java:3068)
        at androidx.fragment.app.FragmentController.dispatchActivityCreated(FragmentController.java:251)
        at androidx.fragment.app.FragmentActivity.onStart(FragmentActivity.java:501)
        at androidx.appcompat.app.AppCompatActivity.onStart(AppCompatActivity.java:210)
        at android.app.Instrumentation.callActivityOnStart(Instrumentation.java:1391)
        at android.app.Activity.performStart(Activity.java:7157)
        at android.app.ActivityThread.handleStartActivity(ActivityThread.java:3037)
        at android.app.servertransaction.TransactionExecutor.performLifecycleSequence(TransactionExecutor.java:180)
        at android.app.servertransaction.TransactionExecutor.cycleToPath(TransactionExecutor.java:165)
        at android.app.servertransaction.TransactionExecutor.executeLifecycleState(TransactionExecutor.java:142)
        at android.app.servertransaction.TransactionExecutor.execute(TransactionExecutor.java:70)
        at android.app.ActivityThread$H.handleMessage(ActivityThread.java:1861)
        at android.os.Handler.dispatchMessage(Handler.java:106)
        at android.os.Looper.loop(Looper.java:193)
        at android.app.ActivityThread.main(ActivityThread.java:6819)
        at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Native Method)
        at com.android.internal.os.RuntimeInit$MethodAndArgsCaller.run(RuntimeInit.java:497)
        at com.android.internal.os.ZygoteInit.main(ZygoteInit.java:912)
I/weatherforecas: Compiler allocated 4MB to compile void android.widget.TextView.<init>(android.content.Context, android.util.AttributeSet, int, int)

我发现很难实现他的代码,关于这个问题的其余建议都是用kotlin编写的。

拜托我该怎么解决这件事?

以下是我的代码:

my_nav.xml(导航布局):

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<navigation xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    xmlns:app="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res-auto"
    xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
    android:id="@+id/my_nav"
    app:startDestination="@id/firstFragment">

    <fragment
        android:id="@+id/firstFragment"
        android:name="com.viz.lightweatherforecast.FirstFragment"
        android:label="fragment_first"
        tools:layout="@layout/fragment_first" />
    <fragment
        android:id="@+id/secondFragment"
        android:name="com.viz.lightweatherforecast.SecondFragment"
        android:label="fragment_second"
        tools:layout="@layout/fragment_second" />
    <fragment
        android:id="@+id/thirdFragment"
        android:name="com.viz.lightweatherforecast.ThirdFragment"
        android:label="fragment_third"
        tools:layout="@layout/fragment_third" />
</navigation>

activity_主页。xml:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<androidx.constraintlayout.widget.ConstraintLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    xmlns:app="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res-auto"
    xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent"
    android:id="@+id/layout"
    android:background="@drawable/dubai"
    tools:context=".Activity.HomeActivity">

    <com.google.android.material.bottomnavigation.BottomNavigationView
        android:id="@+id/bottomNavigationView"
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:background="#FFFFFF"
        app:layout_constraintBottom_toBottomOf="parent"
        app:layout_constraintEnd_toEndOf="parent"
        app:layout_constraintStart_toStartOf="parent"
        app:menu="@menu/bottom_menu" />

    <androidx.fragment.app.FragmentContainerView
        android:id="@+id/fragment"
        android:name="androidx.navigation.fragment.NavHostFragment"
        android:layout_width="409dp"
        android:layout_height="599dp"
        app:defaultNavHost="true"
        app:layout_constraintBottom_toTopOf="@+id/bottomNavigationView"
        app:layout_constraintEnd_toEndOf="parent"
        app:layout_constraintStart_toStartOf="parent"
        app:navGraph="@navigation/my_nav"
        />

</androidx.constraintlayout.widget.ConstraintLayout>

家庭活动:

public class HomeActivity extends AppCompatActivity {
    // Last update time, click sound, search button, search panel.
    TextView time_field;
    MediaPlayer player;
    ImageView Search;
    EditText textfield;
    // For scheduling background image change(using constraint layout, start counting from dubai, down to statue of liberty.
    ConstraintLayout constraintLayout;
    public static int count=0;
    int[] drawable =new int[]{R.drawable.dubai,R.drawable.central_bank_of_nigeria,R.drawable.eiffel_tower,R.drawable.hong_kong,R.drawable.statue_of_liberty};
    Timer _t;

    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_home);
        // use home activity layout.

        time_field = findViewById(R.id.textView9);
        Search = findViewById(R.id.imageView4);
        textfield = findViewById(R.id.textfield);
        //  find the id's of specific variables.

        BottomNavigationView bottomNavigationView = findViewById(R.id.bottomNavigationView);
        // host 3 fragments along with bottom navigation.
        final NavHostFragment navHostFragment = (NavHostFragment) getSupportFragmentManager().findFragmentById(R.id.fragment);
        assert navHostFragment != null;
        final NavController navController = navHostFragment.getNavController();
        NavigationUI.setupWithNavController(bottomNavigationView, navController);



        // For scheduling background image change
        constraintLayout = findViewById(R.id.layout);
        constraintLayout.setBackgroundResource(R.drawable.dubai);
        _t = new Timer();
        _t.scheduleAtFixedRate(new TimerTask() {
            @Override
            public void run() {
                // run on ui thread
                runOnUiThread(() -> {
                    if (count < drawable.length) {

                        constraintLayout.setBackgroundResource(drawable[count]);
                        count = (count + 1) % drawable.length;
                    }
                });
            }
        }, 5000, 5000);

        Search.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
            @Override
            public void onClick(View v) {

                // make click sound when search button is clicked.
                player = MediaPlayer.create(HomeActivity.this, R.raw.click);
                player.start();

                getWeatherData(textfield.getText().toString().trim());
                // make use of some fragment's data
                FirstFragment firstFragment = (FirstFragment) navHostFragment.getChildFragmentManager().getFragments().get(0);
                firstFragment.getWeatherData(textfield.getText().toString().trim());

            }

            
                });
            }

        });
    }
}

编辑

片段类:

public class FirstFragment extends Fragment {
    // User current time, current temperature, current condition, sunrise, sunset, temperature, pressure, humidity, wind_speed, visibility, clouds
    TextView current_temp, current_output, rise_time, set_time, temp_out, Press_out, Humid_out, Ws_out, Visi_out, Cloud_out;
    // TODO: Rename parameter arguments, choose names that match
// the fragment initialization parameters, e.g. ARG_ITEM_NUMBER
    private static final String ARG_PARAM1 = "param1";
    private static final String ARG_PARAM2 = "param2";

    // TODO: Rename and change types of parameters
    private String mParam1;
    private String mParam2;

    public FirstFragment() {
        // Required empty public constructor
    }

    /**
     * Use this factory method to create a new instance of
     * this fragment using the provided parameters.
     *
     * @param param1 Parameter 1.
     * @param param2 Parameter 2.
     * @return A new instance of fragment SecondFragment.
     */
// TODO: Rename and change types and number of parameters
    public static FirstFragment newInstance(String param1, String param2) {
        FirstFragment fragment = new FirstFragment();
        Bundle args = new Bundle();
        args.putString(ARG_PARAM1, param1);
        args.putString(ARG_PARAM2, param2);
        fragment.setArguments(args);
        return fragment;
    }

    @Override
    public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        if (getArguments() != null) {
            mParam1 = getArguments().getString(ARG_PARAM1);
            mParam2 = getArguments().getString(ARG_PARAM2);

        }
    }

    @Override
    public View onCreateView(LayoutInflater inflater, ViewGroup container,
                             Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        // Inflate the layout for this fragment
        View rootView = inflater.inflate(R.layout.fragment_first, container, false);
        // For displaying weather data
        current_temp = rootView.findViewById(R.id.textView10);
        current_output = rootView.findViewById(R.id.textView11);
        rise_time = rootView.findViewById(R.id.textView25);
        set_time = rootView.findViewById(R.id.textView26);
        temp_out = rootView.findViewById(R.id.textView28);
        Press_out = rootView.findViewById(R.id.textView29);
        Humid_out = rootView.findViewById(R.id.textView30);
        Ws_out = rootView.findViewById(R.id.textView33);
        Visi_out = rootView.findViewById(R.id.textView34);
        Cloud_out = rootView.findViewById(R.id.textView35);

        return rootView;
    }

    public void getWeatherData(String name) {

        ApiInterface apiInterface = ApiClient.getClient().create(ApiInterface.class);

        Call<Example> call = apiInterface.getWeatherData(name);

        call.enqueue(new Callback<Example>() {
            @Override
            public void onResponse(@NonNull Call<Example> call, @NonNull Response<Example> response) {

                try {
                    assert response.body() != null;
                    current_temp.setVisibility(View.VISIBLE);
                    current_temp.setText(response.body().getMain().getTemp() + " ℃");
                    current_output.setVisibility(View.VISIBLE);
                    current_output.setText(response.body().getWeather().get(0).getDescription());
                    rise_time.setVisibility(View.VISIBLE);
                    rise_time.setText(response.body().getSys().getSunrise() + " ");
                    set_time.setVisibility(View.VISIBLE);
                    set_time.setText(response.body().getSys().getSunset() + " ");
                    temp_out.setVisibility(View.VISIBLE);
                    temp_out.setText(response.body().getMain().getTemp() + " ℃");
                    Press_out.setVisibility(View.VISIBLE);
                    Press_out.setText(response.body().getMain().getPressure() + " hpa");
                    Humid_out.setVisibility(View.VISIBLE);
                    Humid_out.setText(response.body().getMain().getHumidity() + " %");
                    Ws_out.setVisibility(View.VISIBLE);
                    Ws_out.setText(response.body().getWind().getSpeed() + " Km/h");
                    Visi_out.setVisibility(View.VISIBLE);
                    Visi_out.setText(response.body().getVisibility() + " m");
                    Cloud_out.setVisibility(View.VISIBLE);
                    Cloud_out.setText(response.body().getClouds().getAll() + " %");
                } catch (Exception e) {
                    Log.e("TAG", "No City found");
                    current_temp.setVisibility(View.GONE);
                    current_output.setVisibility(View.GONE);
                    rise_time.setVisibility(View.GONE);
                    set_time.setVisibility(View.GONE);
                    temp_out.setVisibility(View.GONE);
                    Press_out.setVisibility(View.GONE);
                    Humid_out.setVisibility(View.GONE);
                    Ws_out.setVisibility(View.GONE);
                    Visi_out.setVisibility(View.GONE);
                    Cloud_out.setVisibility(View.GONE);
                    Toast.makeText(getActivity(), "No City found", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
                }

            }

            @Override
            public void onFailure(@NotNull Call<Example> call, @NotNull Throwable t) {
                t.printStackTrace();
            }
        });
    }
}

我没有粘贴所有内容,因为我正在跟踪https://stackoverflow.com/help/minimal-reproducible-example

共有3个答案

勾海超
2023-03-14

错误似乎是每次您在底部导航栏中选择一个项目时,片段都会重新实例化,从而创建一个新片段(类型相同,但该片段的新对象)。

我建议您在开始时创建一个包含所有片段的对象,如下所示

private final Fragment[] fragments = {
            new HomeFragment(),
            new MyNotesFragment(),
            new PreferencesFragment()
    };

然后对于底部导航侦听器部分,我们将根据单击的按钮更改片段,通过传递已经创建的片段实例而不是创建新实例。

bottom_navigation_view.setOnNavigationItemSelectedListener(new BottomNavigationView.OnNavigationItemSelectedListener() {
            @Override
            public boolean onNavigationItemSelected(@NonNull MenuItem item) {
                // Checking which bottom_nav items is clicked by comparing with string names..
                if (item.getTitle().toString().equals("Home")) {
                    // Code to change the fragments
                    final FragmentTransaction ft = 
                    getFragmentManager().beginTransaction(); 
                    // we passed the already made instance of the home fragment rather than creating a new one
                    ft.replace(R.id.my_fragment, fragments[0], "HomeFrag"); 
                    ft.commit(); 
                } else if (item.getTitle().toString().equals("My Notes")) {
                    // Code to change the fragments
                    final FragmentTransaction ft = 
                    getFragmentManager().beginTransaction(); 
                    ft.replace(R.id.my_fragment, fragments[1], "MyNotesFrag"); 
                    ft.commit(); 
                } else if (item.getTitle().toString().equals("Preferences")) {
                    // Code to change the fragments
                    final FragmentTransaction ft = 
                    getFragmentManager().beginTransaction(); 
                    ft.replace(R.id.my_fragment, fragments[2], "PrefFrag"); 
                    ft.commit(); 
                }
                return true;
            }
        });

(虽然这是ViewPager库的概念,但其工作原理相同)

滕成双
2023-03-14

我想,这是因为你的FirstFrament每次都会被重新实例化。要保存状态,请修改FirstFrament的onCreate(),如下所示:

@Override
public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
    super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
    if (savedInstanceState != null) {
        mParam1 = savedInstanceState.getString(ARG_PARAM1);
        mParam2 = savedInstanceState.getString(ARG_PARAM2);
    } else if (getArguments() != null) {
        mParam1 = getArguments().getString(ARG_PARAM1);
        mParam2 = getArguments().getString(ARG_PARAM2);
    }
}

并将onSaveInstanceState()添加到第一个片段中:

@Override
public void onSaveInstanceState(@NonNull Bundle outState) {
    super.onSaveInstanceState(outState);
    outState.putString(ARG_PARAM1, mParam1);
    outState.putString(ARG_PARAM2, mParam2);
}
金谭三
2023-03-14

您的问题是您的First片段没有正确保存其状态。根据带有片段的保存状态指南:

为了确保用户的状态被保存,Android框架会自动保存和恢复片段和背栈。因此,您需要确保片段中的任何数据也被保存和恢复。

但是,您没有保存传递给getWeatherData的最后一个名称,也没有保存从API调用获得的示例对象,以便在重新创建视图时重新填充视图。

因此需要实际使用该指南中描述的API来保存您的状态。也就是说,您应该提交应用程序架构指南,该指南解释了如何通过使用ViewModels跨配置更改存储数据(如旋转设备)和LiveData将数据从数据加载中分离出来,以便在加载数据时自动填充用户界面。

我们要做的第一件事是将数据加载移动到ViewModel。该对象在配置更改后仍然存在,这意味着当您旋转设备时,存储在该类中的任何数据都会自动保存。这就是我们如何保存您的示例类并避免一遍又一遍地调用服务器。

通过使用ViewModel的Saved State模块中的API(具体来说,是SavedStateHandle类),保存在其中的任何数据都将在进程被终止并稍后重新创建(例如,如果设备内存不足等)后幸存下来。这就是我们如何保存最后一个名称,以便自动重新查询您的数据。

在这里,我们的ViewModel处理来自服务器的所有加载,并使用LiveData让我们的UI在加载数据时自动更新。

public class WeatherDataViewModel extends ViewModel {
    // This will save the city name
    private SavedStateHandle state;

    // This is where we'll store our result from the server
    private MutableLiveData<Example> mutableWeatherData = new MutableLiveData<>();

    public WeatherDataViewModel(SavedStateHandle savedStateHandle) {
        state = savedStateHandle;
        String savedCityName = state.get("name");
        if (savedCityName != null) {
            // We already had a previously saved name, so we'll
            // start loading right away
            loadData();
        }
    }

    // This is what our Fragment will use to get the latest weather data
    public LiveData<Example> getWeatherDataLiveData() {
        return mutableWeatherData;
    }

    // When you get a new city name, we'll save that in our
    // state, then load the new data from the server
    public void setCityName(String name) {
        state.set("name", name);
        loadData();
    }

    private void loadData() {
        // Get the last name that was set
        String name = state.get("name");

        // Now kick off a load from the server
        ApiInterface apiInterface = ApiClient.getClient().create(ApiInterface.class);

        Call<Example> call = apiInterface.getWeatherData(name);

        call.enqueue(new Callback<Example>() {
            @Override
            public void onResponse(@NonNull Call<Example> call, @NonNull Response<Example> response) {
                // Save the response we've gotten
                // This will automatically update our UI
                mutableWeatherData.setValue(response.body());
            }

            @Override
            public void onFailure(@NotNull Call<Example> call, @NotNull Throwable t) {
                t.printStackTrace();
            }
        });
    }
}
                 

现在,您可以重写您的第一个片段,以使用WeatherDataViewModel作为UI的真实来源:

public class FirstFragment extends Fragment {

    private WeatherDataViewModel viewModel;

    public FirstFragment() {
        // Required empty public constructor
    }

    @Override
    public View onCreateView(LayoutInflater inflater, ViewGroup container,
                             Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        // Inflate the layout for this fragment
        View rootView = inflater.inflate(R.layout.fragment_first, container, false);
        // For displaying weather data
        final TextView current_temp = rootView.findViewById(R.id.textView10);
        final TextView current_output = rootView.findViewById(R.id.textView11);
        final TextView rise_time = rootView.findViewById(R.id.textView25);
        final TextView set_time = rootView.findViewById(R.id.textView26);
        final TextView temp_out = rootView.findViewById(R.id.textView28);
        final TextView Press_out = rootView.findViewById(R.id.textView29);
        final TextView Humid_out = rootView.findViewById(R.id.textView30);
        final TextView Ws_out = rootView.findViewById(R.id.textView33);
        final TextView Visi_out = rootView.findViewById(R.id.textView34);
        final TextView Cloud_out = rootView.findViewById(R.id.textView35);

        // Get our ViewModel instance
        viewModel = new ViewModelProvider(this).get(WeatherDataViewModel.class);

        // And whenever the data changes, refresh the UI
        viewModel.getWeatherDataLiveData().observe(getViewLifecycleOwner(), data -> {
            if (data != null) {
                current_temp.setVisibility(View.VISIBLE);
                current_temp.setText(data.getMain().getTemp() + " ℃");
                current_output.setVisibility(View.VISIBLE);
                current_output.setText(data.getWeather().get(0).getDescription());
                rise_time.setVisibility(View.VISIBLE);
                rise_time.setText(data.getSys().getSunrise() + " ");
                set_time.setVisibility(View.VISIBLE);
                set_time.setText(data.getSys().getSunset() + " ");
                temp_out.setVisibility(View.VISIBLE);
                temp_out.setText(data.getMain().getTemp() + " ℃");
                Press_out.setVisibility(View.VISIBLE);
                Press_out.setText(data.getMain().getPressure() + " hpa");
                Humid_out.setVisibility(View.VISIBLE);
                Humid_out.setText(data.getMain().getHumidity() + " %");
                Ws_out.setVisibility(View.VISIBLE);
                Ws_out.setText(data.getWind().getSpeed() + " Km/h");
                Visi_out.setVisibility(View.VISIBLE);
                Visi_out.setText(data.getVisibility() + " m");
                Cloud_out.setVisibility(View.VISIBLE);
                Cloud_out.setText(data.getClouds().getAll() + " %");
            } else {
                Log.e("TAG", "No City found");
                current_temp.setVisibility(View.GONE);
                current_output.setVisibility(View.GONE);
                rise_time.setVisibility(View.GONE);
                set_time.setVisibility(View.GONE);
                temp_out.setVisibility(View.GONE);
                Press_out.setVisibility(View.GONE);
                Humid_out.setVisibility(View.GONE);
                Ws_out.setVisibility(View.GONE);
                Visi_out.setVisibility(View.GONE);
                Cloud_out.setVisibility(View.GONE);
                Toast.makeText(requireActivity(), "No City found", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
            }
        });

        return rootView;
    }

    public void getWeatherData(String name) {
        // The ViewModel controls loading the data, so we just
        // tell it what the new name is - this kicks off loading
        // the data, which will automatically call through to
        // our observe() call when the data load completes
        viewModel.setCityName(name);
    }
}

通过这些更改,您将发现您的片段现在可以正确处理:

  • 被放到碎片后栈
  • 配置更改(即旋转设备)
  • 处理死亡和娱乐(即,测试与'不要保持活动')

您将注意到我们如何使用新的ViewModelProvider(this)。get(WeatherDataViewModel.class)-它创建了一个绑定到这个片段本身的WeatherDataViewModel。如果ViewModel加载的数据仅用于该片段中,则这是最好的。

如果您还想在活动中使用相同的数据,您的活动可以使用新的ViewModelProvider(this)。get(WeatherDataViewModel.class)创建一个作用域为整个活动的WeatherDataViewModel。然后,任何片段都可以使用新的ViewModelProvider(requireActivity())。获取(WeatherDataViewModel.class)以获取活动拥有的视图模型。这可能意味着您根本不需要片段上的方法,相反,您的活动将直接调用viewModel。setCityName(name)本身和所有片段都会立即更新(当它们从同一个ViewModel读取时)。

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  • 下面是代码:home.xml Home.java 我是不是也应该贴上HomFrag代码? 这三张照片给出了关于问题的所有信息,正如你可以看到的第一张图片显示了应用程序的启动。然后我点击其他页面,点击返回,我得到的结果在第二个图像,和第三个空白屏幕时,我再次点击返回。我不明白问题的原因,如果有谁以前遇到过这个问题,请帮助。

  • 我遇到了一个问题,当深度链接到第二级片段时,导航UI没有选择正确的底部导航视图项。 我的意思是: 选择fragment_reading_lists:选择正确的底部导航项 从fragment_reading_lists导航- 当我深入链接到fragment\u discover\u landing时会发生什么?选择默认的底部导航项目。 是否有方法通知底部导航适配器在此实例中应选择哪个项目? 这是我的

  • 我想在切换项目时切换到底部导航视图的图标。 我有浅蓝色图标和深蓝色图标的选定项目。我正在为每个导航项目使用选择器drawable,但我看到下面这样的图像,灰色为非活动图像,蓝色为活动图像 这是我的代码 bottom_nav_menu 家 和选择器 计划程序选择器 设置选择器 收藏夹选择器 首页选择器 活动代码 我做错了什么?请帮助。。。 编辑:我正在使用以下绘图工具 在此处输入链接描述 在此处输入