JWT开启。NET Core 2.0

Question

我一直在冒险让JWT在DotNet core 2.0上工作（今天即将发布最终版本）。有大量的文档，但所有的示例代码似乎都使用了不推荐的API，而且都是全新的核心代码，弄清楚应该如何实现它确实令人头晕目眩。我试过用Jose，但没用。UseJwtBearerAuthentication已被弃用，并且没有关于下一步操作的文档。

是否有人有使用dotnet core 2.0的开源项目，它可以简单地从授权标头解析JWT并允许我授权对HS256编码的JWT令牌的请求？

下面的类没有抛出任何异常，但没有授权任何请求，我也没有得到任何指示，说明它们为什么未经授权。回答是空的401，所以对我来说，这表明没有例外，但秘密不匹配。

奇怪的是，我的令牌是用HS256算法加密的，但我看不到任何指示来告诉它强制它在任何地方使用该算法。

这是我到目前为止的课程：

using System;
using System.html" target="_blank">Collections.Generic;
using System.IO;
using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Authentication;
using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Authentication.JwtBearer;
using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Builder;
using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Hosting;
using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Http;
using Microsoft.Extensions.Configuration;
using Microsoft.Extensions.DependencyInjection;
using Microsoft.Net.Http.Headers;
using Newtonsoft.Json.Linq;
using Microsoft.IdentityModel.Tokens;
using System.Text;

namespace Site.Authorization
{
    public static class SiteAuthorizationExtensions
    {
        public static IServiceCollection AddSiteAuthorization(this IServiceCollection services)
        {
            var signingKey = new SymmetricSecurityKey(Encoding.ASCII.GetBytes("SECRET_KEY"));

            var tokenValidationParameters = new TokenValidationParameters
            {
                // The signing key must match!
                ValidateIssuerSigningKey = true,
                ValidateAudience = false,
                ValidateIssuer = false,
                IssuerSigningKeys = new List<SecurityKey>{ signingKey },


                // Validate the token expiry
                ValidateLifetime = true,
            };

            services.AddAuthentication(options =>
            {
                options.DefaultAuthenticateScheme = JwtBearerDefaults.AuthenticationScheme;
                options.DefaultChallengeScheme = JwtBearerDefaults.AuthenticationScheme;


            })

            .AddJwtBearer(o =>
            {
                o.IncludeErrorDetails = true;
                o.TokenValidationParameters  = tokenValidationParameters;
                o.Events = new JwtBearerEvents()
                {
                    OnAuthenticationFailed = c =>
                    {
                        c.NoResult();

                        c.Response.StatusCode = 401;
                        c.Response.ContentType = "text/plain";

                        return c.Response.WriteAsync(c.Exception.ToString());
                    }

                };
            });

            return services;
        }
    }
}

Answer 1

Asp。net Core 2.0 JWT承载令牌身份验证的Web Api演示实现

添加包“Microsoft.AspNetCore.Authentication.JwtBearer”

Startup.cs配置服务

services.AddAuthentication(JwtBearerDefaults.AuthenticationScheme)
            .AddJwtBearer(cfg =>
            {
                cfg.RequireHttpsMetadata = false;
                cfg.SaveToken = true;

                cfg.TokenValidationParameters = new TokenValidationParameters()
                {
                    ValidIssuer = "me",
                    ValidAudience = "you",
                    IssuerSigningKey = new SymmetricSecurityKey(Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes("rlyaKithdrYVl6Z80ODU350md")) //Secret
                };

            });

Startup.cs配置（）

// ===== Use Authentication ======
        app.UseAuthentication();

User.cs//它是一个模型类，可以是任何东西。

public class User
{
    public Int32 Id { get; set; }
    public string Username { get; set; }
    public string Country { get; set; }
    public string Password { get; set; }
}

用户上下文。cs//它只是上下文类。它可以是任何东西。

public class UserContext : DbContext
{
    public UserContext(DbContextOptions<UserContext> options) : base(options)
    {
        this.Database.EnsureCreated();
    }

    public DbSet<User> Users { get; set; }
}

AccountController。反恐精英

[Route("[controller]")]
public class AccountController : Controller
{

    private readonly UserContext _context;

    public AccountController(UserContext context)
    {
        _context = context;
    }

    [AllowAnonymous]
    [Route("api/token")]
    [HttpPost]
    public async Task<IActionResult> Token([FromBody]User user)
    {
        if (!ModelState.IsValid) return BadRequest("Token failed to generate");
        var userIdentified = _context.Users.FirstOrDefault(u => u.Username == user.Username);
            if (userIdentified == null)
            {
                return Unauthorized();
            }
            user = userIdentified;

        //Add Claims
        var claims = new[]
        {
            new Claim(JwtRegisteredClaimNames.UniqueName, "data"),
            new Claim(JwtRegisteredClaimNames.Sub, "data"),
            new Claim(JwtRegisteredClaimNames.Jti, Guid.NewGuid().ToString()),
        };

        var key = new SymmetricSecurityKey(Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes("rlyaKithdrYVl6Z80ODU350md")); //Secret
        var creds = new SigningCredentials(key, SecurityAlgorithms.HmacSha256);

        var token = new JwtSecurityToken("me",
            "you",
            claims,
            expires: DateTime.Now.AddMinutes(30),
            signingCredentials: creds);

        return Ok(new
        {
            access_token = new JwtSecurityTokenHandler().WriteToken(token),
            expires_in = DateTime.Now.AddMinutes(30),
            token_type = "bearer"
        });
    }
}

用户控制器。反恐精英

[Authorize]
[Route("api/[controller]")]
public class UserController : ControllerBase
{
    private readonly UserContext _context;

    public UserController(UserContext context)
    {
        _context = context;
        if(_context.Users.Count() == 0 )
        {
            _context.Users.Add(new User { Id = 0, Username = "Abdul Hameed Abdul Sattar", Country = "Indian", Password = "123456" });
            _context.SaveChanges();
        }
    }

    [HttpGet("[action]")]
    public IEnumerable<User> GetList()
    {
        return _context.Users.ToList();
    }

    [HttpGet("[action]/{id}", Name = "GetUser")]
    public IActionResult GetById(long id)
    {
        var user = _context.Users.FirstOrDefault(u => u.Id == id);
        if(user == null)
        {
            return NotFound();
        }
        return new ObjectResult(user);
    }


    [HttpPost("[action]")]
    public IActionResult Create([FromBody] User user)
    {
        if(user == null)
        {
            return BadRequest();
        }

        _context.Users.Add(user);
        _context.SaveChanges();

        return CreatedAtRoute("GetUser", new { id = user.Id }, user);

    }

    [HttpPut("[action]/{id}")]
    public IActionResult Update(long id, [FromBody] User user)
    {
        if (user == null)
        {
            return BadRequest();
        }

        var userIdentified = _context.Users.FirstOrDefault(u => u.Id == id);
        if (userIdentified == null)
        {
            return NotFound();
        }

        userIdentified.Country = user.Country;
        userIdentified.Username = user.Username;

        _context.Users.Update(userIdentified);
        _context.SaveChanges();
        return new NoContentResult();
    }


    [HttpDelete("[action]/{id}")]
    public IActionResult Delete(long id)
    {
        var user = _context.Users.FirstOrDefault(u => u.Id == id);
        if (user == null)
        {
            return NotFound();
        }

        _context.Users.Remove(user);
        _context.SaveChanges();

        return new NoContentResult();
    }
}

祝你好运！我只是个初学者。我只花了一周的时间开始学习asp。净核心。

Answer 2

我的令牌验证参数（tokenValidationParameters）如下所示时起作用：

 var tokenValidationParameters = new TokenValidationParameters
  {
      ValidateIssuerSigningKey = true,
      IssuerSigningKey = GetSignInKey(),
      ValidateIssuer = true,
      ValidIssuer = GetIssuer(),
      ValidateAudience = true,
      ValidAudience = GetAudience(),
      ValidateLifetime = true,
      ClockSkew = TimeSpan.Zero
   };

和

    static private SymmetricSecurityKey GetSignInKey()
    {
        const string secretKey = "very_long_very_secret_secret";
        var signingKey = new SymmetricSecurityKey(Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(secretKey));

        return signingKey;
    }

    static private string GetIssuer()
    {
        return "issuer";
    }

    static private string GetAudience()
    {
        return "audience";
    }

此外，添加选项。RequireHttpsMetadata=false，如下所示：

         .AddJwtBearer(options =>
       {         
           options.TokenValidationParameters =tokenValidationParameters         
           options.RequireHttpsMetadata = false;
       });

编辑：

别忘了打电话

 app.UseAuthentication();

正在启动中。cs公司-

Answer 3

这是一个带有控制器的完整工作最小样本。我希望您可以使用Postman或JavaScript调用来检查它。

>

appsettings.json， appset. Development.json.添加一个部分。注意，Key应该相当长，Issuer是服务的地址：

...
,"Tokens": {
    "Key": "Rather_very_long_key",
    "Issuer": "http://localhost:56268/"
}
...

!!! 在实际项目中，不要在appsettings中保留密钥。json文件。应将其保存在环境变量中，如下所示：

Environment.GetEnvironmentVariable("JWT_KEY");

更新：看到. net核心设置是如何工作的，您不需要完全从环境中获取它。您可以使用设置。但是，我们可能会在生产中将此变量写入环境变量，那么我们的代码将更喜欢环境变量而不是配置。

AuthRequest。cs:Dto保存用于传递登录名和密码的值：

public class AuthRequest
{
    public string UserName { get; set; }
    public string Password { get; set; }
}

启动。应用程序之前的Configure（）方法中的cs。UseMvc（）：

app.UseAuthentication();

启动。ConfigureServices（）中的cs:

services.AddAuthentication()
    .AddJwtBearer(cfg =>
    {
        cfg.RequireHttpsMetadata = false;
        cfg.SaveToken = true;

        cfg.TokenValidationParameters = new TokenValidationParameters()
        {
            ValidIssuer = Configuration["Tokens:Issuer"],
            ValidAudience = Configuration["Tokens:Issuer"],
            IssuerSigningKey = new SymmetricSecurityKey(Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(Configuration["Tokens:Key"]))
        };

    });

添加控制器：

    [Route("api/[controller]")]
    public class TokenController : Controller
    {
        private readonly IConfiguration _config;
        private readonly IUserManager _userManager;

        public TokenController(IConfiguration configuration, IUserManager userManager)
        {
            _config = configuration;
            _userManager = userManager;
        }

        [HttpPost("")]
        [AllowAnonymous]
        public IActionResult Login([FromBody] AuthRequest authUserRequest)
        {
            var user = _userManager.FindByEmail(model.UserName);

            if (user != null)
            {
                var checkPwd = _signInManager.CheckPasswordSignIn(user, model.authUserRequest);
                if (checkPwd)
                {
                    var claims = new[]
                    {
                        new Claim(JwtRegisteredClaimNames.Sub, user.UserName),
                        new Claim(JwtRegisteredClaimNames.Jti, user.Id.ToString()),
                    };

                    var key = new SymmetricSecurityKey(Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(_config["Tokens:Key"]));
                    var creds = new SigningCredentials(key, SecurityAlgorithms.HmacSha256);

                    var token = new JwtSecurityToken(_config["Tokens:Issuer"],
                    _config["Tokens:Issuer"],
                    claims,
                    expires: DateTime.Now.AddMinutes(30),
                    signingCredentials: creds);

                    return Ok(new { token = new JwtSecurityTokenHandler().WriteToken(token) });
                }
            }

            return BadRequest("Could not create token");
        }}

就是这些人！干杯

更新：人们询问如何获取当前用户。待办事项：

>

services.AddSingleton<IHttpContextAccessor, HttpContextAccessor>();

在控制器中添加到构造函数：

private readonly int _currentUser;
public MyController(IHttpContextAccessor httpContextAccessor)
{
   _currentUser = httpContextAccessor.CurrentUser();
}

在某处添加扩展并在控制器中使用它（使用......）

public static class IHttpContextAccessorExtension
{
    public static int CurrentUser(this IHttpContextAccessor httpContextAccessor)
    {
        var stringId = httpContextAccessor?.HttpContext?.User?.FindFirst(JwtRegisteredClaimNames.Jti)?.Value;
        int.TryParse(stringId ?? "0", out int userId);

        return userId;
    }
}