android：需要为明确指定导出。Flitter中针对Android 12及更高版本的应用程序

Question

* What went wrong:
Execution failed for task ':app:processDebugMainManifest'.
> Manifest merger failed : android:exported needs to be explicitly specified for <receiver>. Apps targeting Android 12 and higher are required to specify an explicit value for `android:exported` when the corresponding component has an intent filter defined. See https://developer.android.com/guide/topics/manifest/activity-element#exported for details.

此错误正在抛出我的颤振应用程序。我在所有活动和服务中设置android:exported=“true”。

<manifest xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    package="com.example.myapp">
    
    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.INTERNET"/>
    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.ACCESS_FINE_LOCATION" />
    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.ACCESS_COARSE_LOCATION" />
    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.ACCESS_BACKGROUND_LOCATION" />
    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.READ_CONTACTS"/>
    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.READ_EXTERNAL_STORAGE"/>
    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE"/>
    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.READ_PHONE_STATE" />
    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.READ_CALL_LOG"></uses-permission>
    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.WRITE_CALL_LOG"></uses-permission>
    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.SYSTEM_ALERT_WINDOW" />
    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.ACCESS_NETWORK_STATE" />
    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.ACCESS_WIFI_STATE" />
    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.GET_TASKS" />

    <application
        android:label="My APP"
        android:usesCleartextTraffic="true"
        android:requestLegacyExternalStorage="true"
        android:hardwareAccelerated="false"
        android:largeHeap="true"
        android:icon="@mipmap/launcher_icon">

       <meta-data android:name="io.flutter.network-policy"
           android:resource="@xml/network_security_config"/>
        <meta-data android:name="com.google.firebase.messaging.default_notification_icon"
            android:resource="@drawable/rsoft_logo" />
        <activity
            android:usesCleartextTraffic="true"
            android:name=".MainActivity"
            android:exported="true"
            android:enabled="true"
            android:launchMode="singleTop"
            android:theme="@style/LaunchTheme"
            android:configChanges="orientation|keyboardHidden|keyboard|screenSize|smallestScreenSize|locale|layoutDirection|fontScale|screenLayout|density|uiMode"
            android:hardwareAccelerated="true"
            android:windowSoftInputMode="adjustResize">
            <!-- Specifies an Android theme to apply to this Activity as soon as
                 the Android process has started. This theme is visible to the user
                 while the Flutter UI initializes. After that, this theme continues
                 to determine the Window background behind the Flutter UI. -->
            <meta-data
              android:name="io.flutter.embedding.android.NormalTheme"
              android:resource="@style/NormalTheme"
              />
            <!-- Displays an Android View that continues showing the launch screen
                 Drawable until Flutter paints its first frame, then this splash
                 screen fades out. A splash screen is useful to avoid any visual
                 gap between the end of Android's launch screen and the painting of
                 Flutter's first frame. -->
            <meta-data
              android:name="io.flutter.embedding.android.SplashScreenDrawable"
              android:resource="@drawable/launch_background"
              />
            <meta-data
                android:name="flutterEmbedding"
                android:value="2" />
            <intent-filter>
                <action android:name="android.intent.action.MAIN"/>
                <category android:name="android.intent.category.LAUNCHER"/>
            </intent-filter>
        </activity>
        <activity
            android:exported="true"
            android:enabled="true"
            android:theme="@style/Theme.AppCompat.Dialog.MinWidth"
            android:name=".PopUpActivity"/>
        <receiver android:name=".CallReceiver"
            android:exported="true"
            android:enabled="true"
            android:permission="android.permission.BIND_JOB_SERVICE">
            <intent-filter>
                <action android:name="android.intent.action.PHONE_STATE" />
            </intent-filter>
        </receiver>
        <!-- Don't delete the meta-data below.
             This is used by the Flutter tool to generate GeneratedPluginRegistrant.java -->
        <meta-data
            android:name="flutterEmbedding"
            android:value="2" />
    </application>
</manifest>

参考图像

Answer 1

请制作

 android:exported="false"

在除主活动外的所有活动、服务、接收者中

Answer 2

请检查内部版本。gradle文件：

androidTestImplementation "androidx.test.ext:junit:1.1.3"
androidTestImplementation "androidx.fragment:fragment-testing:1.4.1"
androidTestImplementation "androidx.test:core:1.4.0"

并且可以简单地编辑接收器

1.首先将目标sdk设置为30

2、然后转到合并清单

3.查找是否有任何活动、服务、接收者或提供者没有android：导出设置。覆盖所有这些条目并将它们的android：导出设置为true或false。

4.set目标sdk回到31并运行项目