Python3.7-下载Image-Urllib。要求URL检索错误

Question

我对编程非常陌生，目前正在Youtube上学习python（“新的Boston-Python3”）试图根据视频中的代码从互联网上下载图像，但出现了一个错误。代码如下：

import random
import urllib.request

def download_web_image(url):
    name = random.randrange(1,1000)
    full_name = str(name) + '.gif'  #str convert number to word
    urllib.request.urlretrieve(url, full_name)

download_web_image ('https://images.freeimages.com/images/large-previews/ed3/a-stormy-paradise-1-1563744.jpg')

错误是：

 Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.7/lib/python3.7/urllib/request.py", line 1317, in do_open
    encode_chunked=req.has_header('Transfer-encoding'))
  File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.7/lib/python3.7/http/client.py", line 1229, in request
    self._send_request(method, url, body, headers, encode_chunked)
  File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.7/lib/python3.7/http/client.py", line 1275, in _send_request
    self.endheaders(body, encode_chunked=encode_chunked)
  File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.7/lib/python3.7/http/client.py", line 1224, in endheaders
    self._send_output(message_body, encode_chunked=encode_chunked)
  File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.7/lib/python3.7/http/client.py", line 1016, in _send_output
    self.send(msg)
  File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.7/lib/python3.7/http/client.py", line 956, in send
    self.connect()
  File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.7/lib/python3.7/http/client.py", line 1392, in connect
    server_hostname=server_hostname)
  File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.7/lib/python3.7/ssl.py", line 412, in wrap_socket
    session=session
  File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.7/lib/python3.7/ssl.py", line 853, in _create
    self.do_handshake()
  File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.7/lib/python3.7/ssl.py", line 1117, in do_handshake
    self._sslobj.do_handshake()
ssl.SSLCertVerificationError: [SSL: CERTIFICATE_VERIFY_FAILED] certificate verify failed: self signed certificate in certificate chain (_ssl.c:1056)

During handling of the above exception, another exception occurred:

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "/Users/isaactai/PycharmProjects/isaacfirst/IMAGEDOWNLOAD.py", line 10, in 
    download_web_image ('https://images.freeimages.com/images/large-previews/ed3/a-stormy-paradise-1-1563744.jpg')
  File "/Users/isaactai/PycharmProjects/isaacfirst/IMAGEDOWNLOAD.py", line 8, in download_web_image
    urllib.request.urlretrieve(url, full_name)
  File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.7/lib/python3.7/urllib/request.py", line 247, in urlretrieve
    with contextlib.closing(urlopen(url, data)) as fp:
  File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.7/lib/python3.7/urllib/request.py", line 222, in urlopen
    return opener.open(url, data, timeout)
  File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.7/lib/python3.7/urllib/request.py", line 525, in open
    response = self._open(req, data)
  File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.7/lib/python3.7/urllib/request.py", line 543, in _open
    '_open', req)
  File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.7/lib/python3.7/urllib/request.py", line 503, in _call_chain
    result = func(*args)
  File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.7/lib/python3.7/urllib/request.py", line 1360, in https_open
    context=self._context, check_hostname=self._check_hostname)
  File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.7/lib/python3.7/urllib/request.py", line 1319, in do_open
    raise URLError(err)
urllib.error.URLError: 

Process finished with exit code 1

我正在使用PyCharm 2018.3版本

请帮帮我，谢谢

Answer 1

转到安装Python的文件夹。它应该有一个类似Python 3的名称。x，x是您安装的python的任何版本。现在双击“安装证书”。命令'。以前有过这个错误，堆栈上的某个人也帮我修复了它。

我的路径如下：C:\Python33\Tools\Scripts

如果这不起作用，这里有另一个使用ssl包的解决方法：

pip安装ssl

在运行代码之前执行此操作。然后将其添加到代码中。

import ssl

ssl._create_default_https_context = ssl._create_unverified_context

本质上，这样做是为了让你的请求“安全”，所以HTTPS网站实际上会接受来自python的请求。在尝试访问带有https前缀的网站之前，您应该始终这样做。