如何修复tomcat9中“不支持的类文件主版本60”？

Question

我有一个maven项目。它是用Java 16编写的。我安装了Java 16 JDK。

当我用dockerfile构建它时，一切都正常，但当我运行docker并转到我的项目url时，我得到了一个“不受支持的类文件主版本60”。

可以在tomcat或其他东西上运行java 16项目吗？

这是我的一些文件：

DockerFile文件：

FROM maven:3.8.1-openjdk-17 as builder
RUN mkdir -p /root/.m2 && mkdir /root/.m2/repository
COPY . /app/
RUN cd /app && mvn clean package -Dmaven.test.skip=true

FROM tomcat:9.0-jdk16-openjdk
COPY --from=builder /app/target/demo.war /usr/local/tomcat/webapps
ENV CATALINA_OPTS=""
EXPOSE 8080
CMD ["catalina.sh", "run"]

还有我的pom。xml：

<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/maven-v4_0_0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
    <groupId>com.demo</groupId>
    <artifactId>demo</artifactId>
    <packaging>war</packaging>
    <version>0.0.1</version>
    <name>demo</name>
    <url>http://maven.apache.org</url>

    <properties>
        <!-- Dependencies properties -->
            <!-- ... -->
        <!-- Project build properties -->
        <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
        <maven.compiler.source>16</maven.compiler.source>
        <maven.compiler.target>16</maven.compiler.target>
        <maven-dependency-plugin.version>3.1.1</maven-dependency-plugin.version>
        <maven.resources.plugin>3.0.1</maven.resources.plugin>
        <maven-war-plugin.version>3.2.2</maven-war-plugin.version>
        <java.version>16</java.version>
    </properties>

    <dependencies>
        <!-- ... -->
    </dependencies>
    <build>
        <finalName>demo</finalName>
        <plugins>
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
                <artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
                <version>3.8.1</version>
                <configuration>
                    <release>${java.version}</release>
                    <source>${maven.compiler.source}</source>
                    <target>${maven.compiler.target}</target>
                </configuration>
            </plugin>
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
                <artifactId>maven-surefire-plugin</artifactId>
                <version>3.0.0-M5</version>
            </plugin>
            <!-- ... -->
        </plugins>
    </build>
</project>

Tomcat日志：

Type Rapport d'exception

message Servlet.init() for servlet [demo-serlvet] threw exception

description Le serveur a rencontré une erreur interne qui l'a empêché de satisfaire la requête.

exception

javax.servlet.ServletException: Servlet.init() for servlet [demo-serlvet] threw exception
    org.apache.catalina.authenticator.AuthenticatorBase.invoke(AuthenticatorBase.java:542)
    org.apache.catalina.valves.ErrorReportValve.invoke(ErrorReportValve.java:92)
    org.apache.catalina.valves.AbstractAccessLogValve.invoke(AbstractAccessLogValve.java:687)
    org.apache.catalina.connector.CoyoteAdapter.service(CoyoteAdapter.java:357)
    org.apache.coyote.http11.Http11Processor.service(Http11Processor.java:382)
    org.apache.coyote.AbstractProcessorLight.process(AbstractProcessorLight.java:65)
    org.apache.coyote.AbstractProtocol$ConnectionHandler.process(AbstractProtocol.java:893)
    org.apache.tomcat.util.net.NioEndpoint$SocketProcessor.doRun(NioEndpoint.java:1723)
    org.apache.tomcat.util.net.SocketProcessorBase.run(SocketProcessorBase.java:49)
    java.base/java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor.runWorker(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:1130)
    java.base/java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor$Worker.run(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:630)
    org.apache.tomcat.util.threads.TaskThread$WrappingRunnable.run(TaskThread.java:61)
    java.base/java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:831)
cause mère

java.lang.IllegalArgumentException: Unsupported class file major version 60
    jersey.repackaged.org.objectweb.asm.ClassReader.<init>(ClassReader.java:201)
    jersey.repackaged.org.objectweb.asm.ClassReader.<init>(ClassReader.java:179)
    jersey.repackaged.org.objectweb.asm.ClassReader.<init>(ClassReader.java:165)
    jersey.repackaged.org.objectweb.asm.ClassReader.<init>(ClassReader.java:289)
    org.glassfish.jersey.server.internal.scanning.AnnotationAcceptingListener.process(AnnotationAcceptingListener.java:148)
    org.glassfish.jersey.server.ResourceConfig.scanClasses(ResourceConfig.java:888)
    org.glassfish.jersey.server.ResourceConfig._getClasses(ResourceConfig.java:842)
    org.glassfish.jersey.server.ResourceConfig.getClasses(ResourceConfig.java:751)
    org.glassfish.jersey.server.ResourceConfig$RuntimeConfig.<init>(ResourceConfig.java:1178)
    org.glassfish.jersey.server.ResourceConfig$RuntimeConfig.<init>(ResourceConfig.java:1151)
    org.glassfish.jersey.server.ResourceConfig.createRuntimeConfig(ResourceConfig.java:1147)
    org.glassfish.jersey.server.ApplicationHandler$RuntimeConfigConfigurator.init(ApplicationHandler.java:182)
    org.glassfish.jersey.server.ApplicationHandler.lambda$initialize$0(ApplicationHandler.java:290)
    java.base/java.util.Arrays$ArrayList.forEach(Arrays.java:4203)
    org.glassfish.jersey.server.ApplicationHandler.initialize(ApplicationHandler.java:290)
    org.glassfish.jersey.server.ApplicationHandler.<init>(ApplicationHandler.java:259)
    org.glassfish.jersey.servlet.WebComponent.<init>(WebComponent.java:311)
    org.glassfish.jersey.servlet.ServletContainer.init(ServletContainer.java:154)
    org.glassfish.jersey.servlet.ServletContainer.init(ServletContainer.java:346)
    javax.servlet.GenericServlet.init(GenericServlet.java:158)
    org.apache.catalina.authenticator.AuthenticatorBase.invoke(AuthenticatorBase.java:542)
    org.apache.catalina.valves.ErrorReportValve.invoke(ErrorReportValve.java:92)
    org.apache.catalina.valves.AbstractAccessLogValve.invoke(AbstractAccessLogValve.java:687)
    org.apache.catalina.connector.CoyoteAdapter.service(CoyoteAdapter.java:357)
    org.apache.coyote.http11.Http11Processor.service(Http11Processor.java:382)
    org.apache.coyote.AbstractProcessorLight.process(AbstractProcessorLight.java:65)
    org.apache.coyote.AbstractProtocol$ConnectionHandler.process(AbstractProtocol.java:893)
    org.apache.tomcat.util.net.NioEndpoint$SocketProcessor.doRun(NioEndpoint.java:1723)
    org.apache.tomcat.util.net.SocketProcessorBase.run(SocketProcessorBase.java:49)
    java.base/java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor.runWorker(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:1130)
    java.base/java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor$Worker.run(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:630)
    org.apache.tomcat.util.threads.TaskThread$WrappingRunnable.run(TaskThread.java:61)
    java.base/java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:831)
note La trace complète de la cause mère de cette erreur est disponible dans les fichiers journaux de ce serveur.

docker执行后从api容器登录：

root@df012b95a989:/usr/local/tomcat# java -version
openjdk version "16.0.2" 2021-07-20
OpenJDK Runtime Environment (build 16.0.2+7-67)
OpenJDK 64-Bit Server VM (build 16.0.2+7-67, mixed mode, sharing)

Answer 1

正如Joachim在评论中所指出的，您的问题是由Jersey打包的ASM版本造成的。这类似于关于Spring的这个问题。

查找ASM支持的Java最高版本的最简单方法是查看源代码：

• Jersey 2.35最多支持Java 18
• Jersey 2.34最多支持Java 17（参见源代码），
• Jersey 2.33最多支持Java 16
• Jersey 2.30最多支持Java 15（对Java 15有警告），
• Jersey 2.29最多支持Java 14（对Java 14有警告），
• Jersey 2.28（第一个EE4j版本）最多支持Java 12

至于3。x分支，所有版本都支持Java 16，而最新版本（3.0.2）也支持即将推出的Java 17。