使用pip3安装mysqlclient时出现问题

Question

我正在尝试使用Django设置Python3.6环境。安装说明说我应该安装mysqlclient，以便能够连接到mySQL。我明白了：

dennis@django:~$ sudo -H pip3 install mysqlclient
Collecting mysqlclient
  Using cached mysqlclient-1.3.10.tar.gz
    Complete output from command python setup.py egg_info:
    /bin/sh: 1: mysql_config: not found
    Traceback (most recent call last):
      File "<string>", line 1, in <module>
      File "/tmp/pip-build-4jiw3hvk/mysqlclient/setup.py", line 17, in <module>
        metadata, options = get_config()
      File "/tmp/pip-build-4jiw3hvk/mysqlclient/setup_posix.py", line 44, in get_config
        libs = mysql_config("libs_r")
      File "/tmp/pip-build-4jiw3hvk/mysqlclient/setup_posix.py", line 26, in mysql_config
        raise EnvironmentError("%s not found" % (mysql_config.path,))
    OSError: mysql_config not found

    ----------------------------------------
Command "python setup.py egg_info" failed with error code 1 in /tmp/pip-build-4jiw3hvk/mysqlclient/
You are using pip version 8.1.1, however version 9.0.1 is available.
You should consider upgrading via the 'pip install --upgrade pip' command.

mySQL安装正确。mysql\u配置文件中应该包含什么？当我尝试升级pip3时，我得到以下结果：

dennis@django:~$ sudo -H pip3 install --upgrade pip3
Collecting pip3
  Could not find a version that satisfies the requirement pip3 (from versions: )
No matching distribution found for pip3
You are using pip version 8.1.1, however version 9.0.1 is available.
You should consider upgrading via the 'pip install --upgrade pip' command.

在使用pip3安装mysqlClient后，我注意到该模块安装在python3.5目录中，而不是python3.6目录中，所以当我试图导入运行python3.6的MySQLdb模块时，没有找到它

dennis@django:~/python_db$ python
Python 3.6.0+ (default, Feb  4 2017, 11:11:46) 
[GCC 5.4.1 20161202] on linux
Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information.
>>> import MySQLdb
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "<stdin>", line 1, in <module>
ModuleNotFoundError: No module named 'MySQLdb'
Error in sys.excepthook:
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "/usr/lib/python3/dist-packages/apport_python_hook.py", line 63, in apport_excepthook
    from apport.fileutils import likely_packaged, get_recent_crashes
  File "/usr/lib/python3/dist-packages/apport/__init__.py", line 5, in <module>
    from apport.report import Report
  File "/usr/lib/python3/dist-packages/apport/report.py", line 30, in <module>
    import apport.fileutils
  File "/usr/lib/python3/dist-packages/apport/fileutils.py", line 23, in <module>
    from apport.packaging_impl import impl as packaging
  File "/usr/lib/python3/dist-packages/apport/packaging_impl.py", line 23, in <module>
    import apt
  File "/usr/lib/python3/dist-packages/apt/__init__.py", line 23, in <module>
    import apt_pkg
ModuleNotFoundError: No module named 'apt_pkg'

Original exception was:
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "<stdin>", line 1, in <module>
ModuleNotFoundError: No module named 'MySQLdb'
>>> 

然后我重新运行使用python 3.5和它被发现。如何使用pip3将模块安装到3.6目录中？

Answer 1

就我而言，通过执行以下操作解决了问题：

sudo aptitude install libmysqlclient-dev

在我使用Python3.x时，以下内容也是必要的：

sudo aptitude install python3-dev

Answer 2

LDFLAGS=-L/usr/local/opt/openssl/lib pip install mysqlclient

Answer 3

如果您正在使用Mac OS，请尝试以下操作：

brew安装mysql

如果你正在使用Ubuntu14/16，试试这个：

sudo-apt安装libmysqlclient-dev

还有一点：

pip3可以用sudo pip3安装-U pip更新