未找到任何活动。您是否忘记通过调用getActivity（）或startActivitySync或类似方法启动活动

Question

当启动我的android应用程序时，首先启动FirstActivity。当我单击＜code＞FirstActivity。如果我按下＜code＞AddTraderActivity

setResult(RESULT_OK);
finish();

结果< code>AddTraderActivity被销毁，并显示< code>FirstActivity。很好。

现在，我想为＜code＞AddTraderActivityTest＜code＞编写Espresso的测试

@RunWith(AndroidJUnit4::class)
@SmallTest
class AddTraderActivityTest {

    @get:Rule
    var addTraderActivity: IntentsTestRule<AddTraderActivity> =
        IntentsTestRule(AddTraderActivity::class.java)

    @Test
    fun toolBarHeight() {
        onView(withId(R.id.toolBar))
            .check(matches(withHeightResId(R.dimen.tool_bar_height)))
    }

    @Test
    fun buttonStartTextUppercase() {
        onView(withId(R.id.startButton))
            .check(matches(withTextUppercaseResId(R.string.start)))
    }
}

结果，当我开始这个测试时，然后只开始添加交易者活动，测试成功通过。

现在我想为点击按钮“开始请求”编写测试

这里测试：

@Test
fun pressButtonStartProgressBarDisplayed() {
    onView(withId(R.id.baseTextInputEditText)).perform(typeText("BASE_TEST"))
    onView(withId(R.id.quoteTextInputEditText)).perform(typeText("QUOTE_TEST"))
    onView(withId(R.id.startButton)).perform(click())

    onView(withId(R.id.containerProgressBarLayout)).check(matches(isDisplayed()))
}

结果，当测试运行并按“开始html" target="_blank">请求”按钮时，我得到下一个错误：

测试于16：05开始...

$ adb shell am instrument -w -r   -e debug false -e class 'com.myproject.AddTraderActivityTest#pressButtonStartProgressBarDisplayed' com.myproject.debug.test/androidx.test.runner.AndroidJUnitRunner
Client not ready yet..
Started running tests

java.lang.RuntimeException: No activities found. Did you forget to launch the activity by calling getActivity() or startActivitySync or similar?
at androidx.test.espresso.base.RootViewPicker.waitForAtLeastOneActivityToBeResumed(RootViewPicker.java:169)
at androidx.test.espresso.base.RootViewPicker.get(RootViewPicker.java:83)
at androidx.test.espresso.ViewInteractionModule.provideRootView(ViewInteractionModule.java:77)
at androidx.test.espresso.ViewInteractionModule_ProvideRootViewFactory.provideRootView(ViewInteractionModule_ProvideRootViewFactory.java:35)
at androidx.test.espresso.ViewInteractionModule_ProvideRootViewFactory.get(ViewInteractionModule_ProvideRootViewFactory.java:24)
at androidx.test.espresso.ViewInteractionModule_ProvideRootViewFactory.get(ViewInteractionModule_ProvideRootViewFactory.java:10)
at androidx.test.espresso.base.ViewFinderImpl.getView(ViewFinderImpl.java:62)
at androidx.test.espresso.ViewInteraction$2.call(ViewInteraction.java:276)
at androidx.test.espresso.ViewInteraction$2.call(ViewInteraction.java:268)
at java.util.concurrent.FutureTask.run(FutureTask.java:237)
at android.os.Handler.handleCallback(Handler.java:739)
at android.os.Handler.dispatchMessage(Handler.java:95)
at android.os.Looper.loop(Looper.java:148)
at android.app.ActivityThread.main(ActivityThread.java:5417)
at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Native Method)
at com.android.internal.os.ZygoteInit$MethodAndArgsCaller.run(ZygoteInit.java:726)
at com.android.internal.os.ZygoteInit.main(ZygoteInit.java:616)

我得到这个错误是因为堆栈中没有活动< code>FirstActivity，因为我的测试没有启动它。所以问题是。如何隔离test only < code > AddTraderActivity ？

Answer 1

如果您从< code>ActivityTestRule迁移到< code > ActivityScenario rule (或< code>ActivityScenario)，并且尝试测试其< code>onCreate()方法中包含以下代码的活动，则可能会发生此问题:

@Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
  super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);

  // Workaround the Android bug of multiple Activity task stacks when
  // the app is launched from the Google Play Store. See:
  // https://issuetracker.google.com/issues/36941942
  // https://stackoverflow.com/questions/4341600/multiple-instances-of-activity-from-google-play-launch
  // https://stackoverflow.com/questions/19545889/app-restarts-rather-than-resumes
  if (!isTaskRoot() &&
      getIntent().hasCategory(Intent.CATEGORY_LAUNCHER) &&
      Intent.ACTION_MAIN.equals(getIntent().getAction())) {
    finish();
    return;
  }

  ...
}

此代码适用于ActivityTestRur。但它不适用于ActivityScenarioRur或ActivityScenario，因为它会在测试尝试启动活动时导致错误：

• 或者：“java.lang.RuntimeException：未找到任何活动。您是否忘记通过调用 getActivity（） 或 startActivitySync 或类似方式来启动活动？
• 或者：“@Rule活动场景必须实现 MethodRule 或 TestRule”

出现此问题是因为测试将启动活动，然后立即在＜code＞onCreate（）ActivityScenarioRule或ActivityScenario时，必须删除整个if，或者在if子句中添加额外的布尔参数，以检查是否正在运行UI测试。

Answer 2

理想情况下，您可能应该使用单独的类来测试单独的活动。

但是，如果需要，可以使用以下方法隔离每个方法的规则

[编辑]（注意：您不能再使用@get:Rule注释）：

@Test
public void myTest() {
      // launch desired activity
      var firstActivity: IntentsTestRule<FirstActivity> = IntentsTestRule(FirstActivity::class.java)
      firstActivity.launchActivity(Intent())

      // add tests
      onView(withId(R.id.baseTextInputEditText)).perform(typeText("BASE_TEST"))
      onView(withId(R.id.quoteTextInputEditText)).perform(typeText("QUOTE_TEST"))
}