如何在Django中正确地将参数传递给基于类的视图实例？

Question

我试图在一个基于类的视图实例中传递参数，但我无法找到正确的方法。

我的api服务在REST框架视图中工作良好，并接收两个强制参数（用户和语言）：

我找到了类似的答案，但发送参数作为回报，那不是我的情况。这是我的决定,

_customdictionary = CustomDictionaryViewSet()
_customdictionary.custom_dictionary_kpi(request) 

_customdictionary.custom_dictionary_kpi(request)
_customdictionary.custom_dictionary_kpi({'language': 1, 'user': 1})
_customdictionary.custom_dictionary_kpi(1,1)
# In all cases i receive status = 500

class CustomDictionaryViewSet(viewsets.ModelViewSet):
...
    def custom_dictionary_kpi(self, request, *args, **kwargs):
        try:
            import pdb;pdb.set_trace()

AttributeError: 'WSGIRequest' object has no attribute 'data'

AttributeError: 'dict' object has no attribute 'data'

只发送值：

AttributeError: 'int' object has no attribute 'data'

api/urls.py

urlpatterns = [
url(r'^api/customdictionary/custom_dictionary_kpi/user/<int:user_id>/language/<int:language_id>', CustomDictionaryViewSet.as_view({'post': 'custom_dictionary_kpi'}), name='custom_dictionary_kpi')
]

API/API.PY

class CustomDictionaryViewSet(viewsets.ModelViewSet):
    queryset = CustomDictionary.objects.filter(
        is_active=True,
        is_deleted=False
    ).order_by('id')
    permission_classes = [
        permissions.AllowAny
    ]
    pagination_class = StandardResultsSetPagination

    def __init__(self,*args, **kwargs):
        self.response_data = {'error': [], 'data': {}}
        self.code = 0

    def get_serializer_class(self):
        if self.action == 'custom_dictionary_kpi':
            return CustomDictionaryKpiSerializer
        return CustomDictionarySerializer

    @action(methods=['post'], detail=False)
    def custom_dictionary_kpi(self, request, *args, **kwargs):
        try:
            '''some logic'''
        except Exception as e:
            '''some exception'''
        return Response(self.response_data,status=self.code)

class CustomDictionarySerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):
    class Meta:
        model = CustomDictionary
        fields = ('__all__')

class CustomDictionaryKpiSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):
    class Meta:
        model = CustomDictionary
        fields = ('user','language')

class CustomDictionaryView(View):
    """docstring for CustomDictionaryView"""
    def __init__(self,*args, **kwargs):
        self.response_data = {'error': [], 'data': {}}
        self.code = 0

    def get(self, request, *args, **kwargs):
        try:
            _customdictionary = CustomDictionaryViewSet()
            import pdb;pdb.set_trace()
            _customdictionary.custom_dictionary_kpi()   # Here is the call, 
            self.response_data['data'] = _customdictionary.response_data['data']
            self.code = _customdictionary.code

        except Exception as e:
            '''some exception'''

额外的：我如何发送一个额外的可选参数？

非常感谢，如有任何帮助，我们将不胜感激：）

Answer 1

是的，这是正确的数据，您必须在custom_dictionary_kpi中调用request.data，并且您没有给出作为webrequest的参数。

您可以随时从浏览器、邮递员或客户端发送请求中的可选数据，如{“language”：1,“user”：1,“foo”：“bar”}

并在服务器端执行request.post.get('foo')。

如果希望在类中传递数据，可以使用关键字参数这样做

_customdictionary = CustomDictionaryViewSet()
_customdictionary.custom_dictionary_kpi(request,language=1,user=1) 

在方法实现中，您可以在args中访问，例如（request）在这里作为元组访问，如果您将kwargs作为字典访问，例如{“language”：1,“user”：1}在这里作为字典访问

尝试打印或调试args和kwargs,请参阅。