使用Selenium和Page对象模式测试NullPointerException

Question

在尝试通过扩展抽象类和测试类来创建测试时，我得到了NullPointerException。错误：

java.lang.NullPoInterException（位于pages.userRegistrationPage.java:61)（位于userRegistrationPage.java:61)（位于sun.reflect.nativeMethodAccessorImpl.Invoke0（原生方法）（位于sun.reflect.nativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:62)（位于sun.reflect.nativeMethodAccessorImpl.Invoke(nativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:43)（位于：505）在org.testng.suiterunner.runtest（suiterunner.java:455)在org.testng.suiterunner.runsequency（suiterunner.java:450)在org.testng.suiterunner.runsequency（suiterunner.java:415)在org.testng.suiterunner.privaterun（suiterunner.java:415)在org.testng.suiterunner.run（suiterunner.java:364)在

初始化驱动程序，打开测试页，并在尝试填充字段时抛出异常。我的类：

    public abstract class AbstractPage {
        private WebDriver driver;
        public AbstractPage(WebDriver driver){
            this.driver = driver;
        }
    }

    public class UserRegistrationPage extends AbstractPage{

        @FindBy(id = "input-firstname")
        private WebElement firstName;

        @FindBy(id = "input-lastname")
        private WebElement lastName;

        @FindBy(id = "input-email")
        private WebElement email;

        @FindBy(id = "input-telephone")
        private WebElement telephone;

        @FindBy(xpath = "//*[@id=\"input-fax\"]")
        private WebElement fax;

        @FindBy(id = "input-address-1")
        private WebElement address;

        @FindBy(id = "input-city")
        private WebElement city;

        @FindBy(id = "input-postcode")
        private WebElement postcode;

        @FindBy(id = "input-country")
        private WebElement country;

        @FindBy(id = "input-zone")
        private WebElement zone;

        @FindBy(id = "input-password")
        private WebElement password;

        @FindBy(id = "input-confirm")
        private WebElement passwordConfirm;

        @FindBy(css = "#content input[type=\"checkbox\"]:nth-child(2)")
        private WebElement agreeCheckbox;

        @FindBy (xpath = "//*[@id=\"content\"]/form/div/div/input[2]")
        private WebElement submitButton;

        public UserRegistrationPage(WebDriver driver) {
            super(driver);
        }


        public void fillName(String name){
            this.firstName.sendKeys(name);
        }
    }

public abstract class AbstractTest {

    protected WebDriver driver;
    @BeforeSuite
    public void setUpDriver(){
        driver = new FirefoxDriver();
    }
}

public class UserRegistrationpageTest extends AbstractTest{

    private UserRegistrationPage userRegistrationPage = new UserRegistrationPage(driver);


    @BeforeTest
    void openURL(){
        driver.get("http://88.119.151.54/opencartone/index.php?route=account/register");
    }

    @AfterTest
    void closeBrowser(){
        driver.quit();
    }

    @Test
    void fillName(){
        userRegistrationPage.fillName("John");
    }

}

我错过了什么？

Answer 1

原因是：当您到达“UserRegistrationPage.FillName（”John“）”行时，“UserRegistration”页面的“Driver”成员仍然为空。

看到这个了吗

这是因为在调用UserRegistrationPage的构造函数之后，会调用“AbstractTest”测试内部的@BeforeSuite（方法

2）UserRegistrationPage的构造函数。（此处驱动程序为空）

3)AbstractTest的@BeforeSuite。（在这里，驱动程序不会为空，但在此之前，您已经使用“UserRegistrationPageTest”类中的行初始化了“UserRegistrationPage”的对象

private UserRegistrationPage userRegistrationPage = new UserRegistrationPage(driver);

要解决这个问题，请更改“Open URL”中的“UserRegistrationPage”对象的初始化位置，如下所示