SpringBoot和JUnit--测试服务类--无法加载应用程序上下文

Question

@RunWith(SpringRunner.class)
@SpringBootTest(classes=Application.class) //my @SpringBootApplication class
public class UserServiceTest { //i'm testing my UserService implementation

    @TestConfiguration
    static class UserServiceContextConfiguration {


        @Bean
        public IUserService service() {
            return new UserService();
        }

    }

    @Autowired
    private IUserService service;

    @MockBean
    private UserRepository repository;

    @Before
    public void setUp() {
        User me = new User();

        me.setEmail("[e-mail]");

        Mockito.when(repository.findByEmail(me.getEmail())).thenReturn(me);
    }

    @Test
    public void whenValidEmail_thenFindUser() {
        String email = "[e-mail]";
        User found = service.findByEmail(email);

        assertThat(found.getEmail()).isEqualTo(email);
    }

}

org.springframework.beans.factory.UnsatisfiedDependencyException: Error creating bean with name 'com.myapp.service.UserServiceTest': Unsatisfied dependency expressed through field 'service'; nested exception is org.springframework.beans.factory.NoSuchBeanDefinitionException: No qualifying bean of type 'com.myapp.service.interfaces.IUserService' available: expected at least 1 bean which qualifies as autowire candidate. Dependency annotations: {@org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired(required=true)}

Answer 1

通过提供classes=application.class，您关闭了内部配置类的自动扫描。

要么删除显式classes参数--SpringRunner将在当前包和父包中搜索SpringBootApplication注释类，并搜索内部配置类，

或者将其添加到@SpringBootTest

@SpringBootTest(classes= {Application.class, UserServiceContextConfiguration.class })