如何在Java中创建5类UUID？

Question

在python中，要生成5类UUID，我们只需执行以下操作：

import uuid
print uuid.uuid5(uuid.NAMESPACE_URL, 'my string')

查看java留档java.util.UUID，我不知道该怎么做。首先，没有提到类型5。他们确实有一个类型3，但签名是：

 nameUUIDFromBytes(byte[] name)
 Static factory to retrieve a type 3 (name based) UUID based on the specified byte array.

如何在Java中创建5类UUID？

Answer 1

在这种情况下，其他人需要一个生成版本5 UUID的库。

UUID uuid = UuidCreator.getNameBasedSha1("google.com");

UUID uuid = UuidCreator.getNameBasedSha1(UuidCreator.NAMESPACE_URL, "google.com");

https://github.com/f4b6a3/uuid-creator

Answer 2

您可以按照https://stackoverflow.com/a/28776880/1452094.提出的代码自己实现它，但是这确实需要一些改动，因为j.u.UUID构造函数需要很长时间。

从Java 8开始，标准库似乎不支持类型5。但是像“Apache Commons Id”这样的第三方库确实有支持它的UUID实现。

编辑：这是一个功能齐全的实现：

import java.nio.charset.Charset;
import java.security.MessageDigest;
import java.security.NoSuchAlgorithmException;
import java.util.Objects;
import java.util.UUID;

public class UUIDType5 {
    private static final Charset UTF8 = Charset.forName("UTF-8");
    public static final UUID NAMESPACE_DNS = UUID.fromString("6ba7b810-9dad-11d1-80b4-00c04fd430c8");
    public static final UUID NAMESPACE_URL = UUID.fromString("6ba7b811-9dad-11d1-80b4-00c04fd430c8");
    public static final UUID NAMESPACE_OID = UUID.fromString("6ba7b812-9dad-11d1-80b4-00c04fd430c8");
    public static final UUID NAMESPACE_X500 = UUID.fromString("6ba7b814-9dad-11d1-80b4-00c04fd430c8");

    public static UUID nameUUIDFromNamespaceAndString(UUID namespace, String name) {
        return nameUUIDFromNamespaceAndBytes(namespace, Objects.requireNonNull(name, "name == null").getBytes(UTF8));
    }

    public static UUID nameUUIDFromNamespaceAndBytes(UUID namespace, byte[] name) {
        MessageDigest md;
        try {
            md = MessageDigest.getInstance("SHA-1");
        } catch (NoSuchAlgorithmException nsae) {
            throw new InternalError("SHA-1 not supported");
        }
        md.update(toBytes(Objects.requireNonNull(namespace, "namespace is null")));
        md.update(Objects.requireNonNull(name, "name is null"));
        byte[] sha1Bytes = md.digest();
        sha1Bytes[6] &= 0x0f;  /* clear version        */
        sha1Bytes[6] |= 0x50;  /* set to version 5     */
        sha1Bytes[8] &= 0x3f;  /* clear variant        */
        sha1Bytes[8] |= 0x80;  /* set to IETF variant  */
        return fromBytes(sha1Bytes);
    }

    private static UUID fromBytes(byte[] data) {
        // Based on the private UUID(bytes[]) constructor
        long msb = 0;
        long lsb = 0;
        assert data.length >= 16;
        for (int i = 0; i < 8; i++)
            msb = (msb << 8) | (data[i] & 0xff);
        for (int i = 8; i < 16; i++)
            lsb = (lsb << 8) | (data[i] & 0xff);
        return new UUID(msb, lsb);
    }

    private static byte[] toBytes(UUID uuid) {
        // inverted logic of fromBytes()
        byte[] out = new byte[16];
        long msb = uuid.getMostSignificantBits();
        long lsb = uuid.getLeastSignificantBits();
        for (int i = 0; i < 8; i++)
            out[i] = (byte) ((msb >> ((7 - i) * 8)) & 0xff);
        for (int i = 8; i < 16; i++)
            out[i] = (byte) ((lsb >> ((15 - i) * 8)) & 0xff);
        return out;
    }
}

为了验证它是否有效，我运行了以下代码：

public static void main(String[] args) {
    UUID test = UUIDType5.nameUUIDFromNamespaceAndString(NAMESPACE_URL, "google.com");
    System.out.println(test);
    System.out.println(test.version());
}

这产生了输出:

联邦传真3-8f5c-5189-80e6-f563dd1cb8f9

5

根据官方的python实现进行了验证：

联邦传真3-8f5c-5189-80e6-f563dd1cb8f9