在前台运行的Windows Jenkins从属设备上chromedriver失败

Question

使用chromedriver让Win Jenkins奴隶还可以吗？

我的测试从Maven存储库中提取chromedriver和便携式chrome，然后执行它们。在本地以及当构建用户在构建系统上执行相同操作时，工作正常。

当jenkins做同样的事情时，即使在前台运行（不是svc），它也会失败，并显示以下错误。我尝试传递参数以提高详细程度无济于事。

org.openqa.selenium.WebDriverException：未知错误：Chrome无法启动：正常退出（驱动程序信息：chromedriver
= 2.23.409699（49b0fa931cda1caad0ae15b7d1b68004acd05129），platform = Windows
NT 6.1.7601 SP1
x86_64）（警告：服务器未提供任何信息堆栈跟踪信息）命令持续时间或超时：62.63秒构建信息：版本：‘2.41.0’，版本：‘3192d8a6c4449dc285928ba024779344f5423c58’，时间：‘2014-03-27
11:29:39’系统信息：主机：’winengbld15’， ip：‘10 .2.2.105’，os.name：’Windows Server
2008
R2’，os.arch：’amd64’，os.version：‘6.1’，java.version：‘1.8.0_40’驱动程序信息：org.openqa
sun.reflect.NativeConstructorAccessorImpl.newInstance0（Native方法）处的.selenium.chrome.ChromeDriver（位于sun.reflect.NativeConstructorAccessorImpl处）。org.openqa.selenium.remote.ErrorHandler上的java.lang.reflect.Constructor.newInstance（Constructor.java:422）上的sun.reflect.DelegatingConstructorAccessorImpl.newInstance（DelegatingConstructorAccessorImpl.java:45）上的newInstance（NativeConstructorAccessorImpl.java:62）
org.openqa.selenium.remote.ErrorHandler.throwIfResponseFailed（ErrorHandler.java:145）的org.openqa.selenium.remote.RemoteWebDriver.execute（RemoteWebDriver.java:595）的.createThrowable（ErrorHandler.java:193）
org.openqa.selenium.chrome.ChromeDriver.startSession（ChromeDriver.java:181）上的openqa.selenium.remote.RemoteWebDriver.startSession（RemoteWebDriver.java:240）org.openqa.selenium.remote.RemoteWebDriver。（RemoteWebDriver.java
：126），位于org.openqa。selenium.remote.RemoteWebDriver。（RemoteWebDriver.java：139）。selenium.chrome.ChromeDriver。（ChromeDriver.java:160）位于org.openqa.selenium.chrome.ChromeDriver。（ChromeDriver.java:128）

我这样设置Chrome驱动程序：

defaultPath = "target/drivers/chromedriver.exe";
System.setProperty("webdriver.chrome.driver", defaultPath);
ChromeLocator locator = new ChromeLocator();
driver = new ChromeDriver(locator.getCapabilities());

public class ChromeLocator {
  private static final Logger log = Logger.getLogger(ChromeLocator.class);

  /**
   * Obtain Chrome Configuration with location of binary
   * @return
   * @throws IOException 
   */
  public DesiredCapabilities getCapabilities() throws IOException {
    Map<String, Object> chromeOptions = new HashMap<String, Object>();
    chromeOptions.put("binary", getChromeExecutableLocation().getAbsolutePath());

    DesiredCapabilities capabilities = DesiredCapabilities.chrome();
    capabilities.setCapability(ChromeOptions.CAPABILITY, chromeOptions);

    return capabilities;
  }

  // Windows defaults to unpacked location
  private File getChromeExecutableLocation() throws IOException {

    File chromeExe;

    if (SystemUtils.IS_OS_WINDOWS) {
      chromeExe = new File(System.getProperty("win.google.chrome.bin"));  
      log.info("*** win.google.chrome.bin: " + System.getProperty("win.google.chrome.bin"));
    } else {
      // Use the standard locator option for all other operating systems
      GoogleChromeLocator locator = new GoogleChromeLocator();
      BrowserInstallation installation = locator.findBrowserLocationOrFail();
      chromeExe = new File(installation.launcherFilePath());
    }
    log.info("Chrome Exe: " + chromeExe.getAbsolutePath() + " Is File: " + chromeExe.isFile());
    if (! chromeExe.exists() || ! chromeExe.isFile()) {
      throw new IOException("Cannot locate Chrome Executable.  Expected Location: " + chromeExe.getAbsolutePath());
    }
    return chromeExe;
  }
}

Answer 1

我们遇到了几个问题，关键似乎是Chrome的无沙箱选项。以下是在桌面和在前台或通过服务运行的jenkins从属服务器上运行的解决方案。

第一部分：Chrome和驱动程序的Maven解压缩

• 下载PortableApps GoogleChrome
• 安装
• 将目录重命名为通用名称（GoogleChrome）
• 邮编目录
• 添加到存储库管理器
• 设置Maven依赖插件执行以解压

          <plugin>
    <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
    <artifactId>maven-dependency-plugin</artifactId>
    <version>2.8</version>
    <executions>
     <execution>
       <id>extract portable google chrome</id>
       <phase>process-test-resources</phase>
       <goals>
         <goal>unpack</goal>
       </goals>
       <configuration>
         <skip>${skipWinChromeUnpack}</skip>
         <markersDirectory>${project.build.directory}/dependency-maven-plugin-markers/googlechrome</markersDirectory>
         <overWriteIfNewer>false</overWriteIfNewer>
         <artifactItems>
           <artifactItem>
              <groupId>com.google.chromium</groupId>
              <artifactId>chromedriver</artifactId>
              <version>${win.chromedriver.version}</version>                
              <classifier>win32</classifier>
              <type>zip</type>
            <outputDirectory>${project.build.directory}</outputDirectory>
           </artifactItem>
           <artifactItem>
              <groupId>com.portableapps</groupId>
              <artifactId>googlechrome</artifactId>
              <version>${win.chrome.version}</version>
              <classifier>win64</classifier>
              <type>zip</type>
            <outputDirectory>${project.build.directory}</outputDirectory>
           </artifactItem>
         </artifactItems>
       </configuration>
     </execution>         

结果 在测试执行时，我们有target / chromedriver.exe和target / GooglePortable / Google
… exe文件要使用

第二部分：Maven Surefire配置

我们为驱动程序和chrome exe的位置设置了系统属性，以传递给所有单元测试

        <systemPropertyVariables>
          <webdriver.chrome.driver>${project.build.directory}/chromedriver.exe</webdriver.chrome.driver>
          <win.google.chrome.bin>${win.chrome.exe}</win.google.chrome.bin>  
        </systemPropertyVariables>

第三部分：测试代码

我们使用chrome驱动程序服务构建器将详细程度设置为11，然后使用我们最喜欢的功能启动驱动程序

    public class ChromeLocator {
        private static final Logger log = Logger.getLogger(ChromeLocator.class);

    /**
     * Obtain Chrome Configuration with location of binary
     * @return
     * @throws IOException
     */
    public DesiredCapabilities getCapabilities() throws IOException {
        ChromeOptions chromeOptions = new ChromeOptions();
        chromeOptions.setBinary(getChromeExecutableLocation().getAbsolutePath());
        chromeOptions.addArguments("no-sandbox");
        DesiredCapabilities capabilities = DesiredCapabilities.chrome();
        capabilities.setCapability(ChromeOptions.CAPABILITY, chromeOptions);


        return capabilities;
    }

    // Windows defaults to unpacked location
    private File getChromeExecutableLocation() throws IOException {

        File chromeExe;

        if (SystemUtils.IS_OS_WINDOWS) {
            chromeExe = new File(System.getProperty("win.google.chrome.bin"));
        } else {
            // Use the standard locator option for all other operating systems
            GoogleChromeLocator locator = new GoogleChromeLocator();
            BrowserInstallation installation = locator.findBrowserLocationOrFail();
            chromeExe = new File(installation.launcherFilePath());
        }
        System.out.println("Chrome Exe: " + chromeExe.getAbsolutePath() + " Is File: " + chromeExe.isFile());
        if (! chromeExe.exists() || ! chromeExe.isFile()) {
            throw new IOException("Cannot locate Chrome Executable.  Expected Location: " + chromeExe.getAbsolutePath());
        }
        return chromeExe;
    }


}



    public class WebTest

    {
    static ChromeDriverService service = null;
    static WebDriver driver = null;

    @BeforeClass
    static public void setupOnce() throws IOException {

        // Setup ChromeDriver with Verbosity on - perhaps control via system property - off by default?
        service = new ChromeDriverService.Builder()
                .withVerbose(true)
                .usingAnyFreePort()
                .build();

        service.start();

        // Setup locator to find unpacked Portable chrome exe
        ChromeLocator locator = new ChromeLocator();

        // Use service + capabilities from locator to open driver with settings and chrome bin
        driver = new RemoteWebDriver(service.getUrl(), locator.getCapabilities());
    }

    @AfterClass
    static public void teardownOnce() {
        if (null != service) {
            service.stop();
            service = null;
        }
    }
    @Test
    public void testGoogleSearch() throws InterruptedException, IOException {
        driver.get("http://www.google.com/xhtml");
        assertEquals("Google", driver.getTitle());

        WebElement searchBox = driver.findElement(By.name("q"));
        String searchString = "ChromeDriver";
        searchBox.sendKeys(searchString);
        searchBox.submit();

        String source = driver.getPageSource().toString();
        assertTrue("Expected DOCTYPE in\n" + source,
                source.contains("DOCTYPE"));
        driver.quit();
        service.stop();

    }


}