jacoco：不能排除类

赖明煦

2023-03-14

问题内容：

我有一个Maven项目，我想jacoco用于代码覆盖。这是我pom的相关部分

          <plugin>
                <groupId>org.jacoco</groupId>
                <artifactId>jacoco-maven-plugin</artifactId>
                <version>0.7.5.201505241946</version>
                <executions>
                    <execution>
                        <id>pre-my-test</id>
                        <phase>pre-integration-test</phase>
                        <goals>
                            <goal>prepare-agent</goal>
                        </goals>
                        <configuration>
                            <append>true</append>
                            <destFile>${project.build.directory}/jacoco-it.exec</destFile>
                            <propertyName>failsafeArgLine</propertyName>
                        </configuration>
                    </execution>
                    <execution>
                        <id>post-my-test</id>
                        <phase>post-my-test</phase>
                        <goals>
                            <goal>report</goal>
                        </goals>
                        <configuration>
                            <dataFile>${project.build.directory}/jacoco-it.exec</dataFile>
                            <outputDirectory>${project.reporting.outputDirectory}/jacoco-it</outputDirectory>
                        </configuration>
                    </execution>
                </executions>
            </plugin>

因此，我可以很好地运行测试，也可以很好地构建项目。然后我跑

mvn clean verify org.jacoco:jacoco-maven-plugin:prepare-agent

我不断收到类似的错误

ERROR] Failed to execute goal org.jacoco:jacoco-maven-plugin:0.7.5.201505241946:
report (post-my-test) on project my-project: 
An error has occurred in JaCoCo Test report generation. 
Error while creating report: 
Error while analyzing class /path/tp/my/project/target/classes/META-INF/
bundled-dependencies/some-third-party-1-jar-with-dependencies.jar@org/slf4j/event/
EventConstants.class. Can't add different class with same name: 
org/slf4j/event/EventConstants -> [Help 1]

some-third-party-1-jar-with-dependencies.jar是我的外部依赖。这是一个超大/阴影罐。所以我认为也some- third-party-1-jar-with-dependencies.jar必须有org.slf4j，因此产生冲突。所以我将pom更改为

            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.jacoco</groupId>
                <artifactId>jacoco-maven-plugin</artifactId>
                <version>0.7.5.201505241946</version>
                <configuration>
                    <excludes>
                        <exclude>**/org/slf4j/event/EventConstants.*</exclude>
                    </excludes>
                </configuration>
                <executions>
                    <execution>
                        <id>pre-integration-test</id>
                        <phase>pre-integration-test</phase>
                        <goals>
                            <goal>prepare-agent</goal>
                        </goals>
                        <configuration>
                            <append>true</append>
                            <destFile>${project.build.directory}/jacoco-it.exec</destFile>
                            <propertyName>failsafeArgLine</propertyName>
                        </configuration>
                    </execution>
                    <execution>
                        <id>post-integration-test</id>
                        <phase>post-integration-test</phase>
                        <goals>
                            <goal>report</goal>
                        </goals>
                        <configuration>
                            <dataFile>${project.build.directory}/jacoco-it.exec</dataFile>
                            <outputDirectory>${project.reporting.outputDirectory}/jacoco-it</outputDirectory>
                        </configuration>
                    </execution>
                </executions>
            </plugin>

但我仍然遇到相同的错误。我如何确保jacoco忽略所有重复的依赖项？我也试过

<dependency>
            <groupId>some.third.party</groupId>
            <artifactId>some-third-party</artifactId>
            <version>1</version>
            <classifier>jar-with-dependencies</classifier>
            <exclusions>
                <exclusion>
                    <groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
                    <artifactId>slf4j-api</artifactId>
                </exclusion>
                <exclusion>
                    <groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
                    <artifactId>slf4j-log4j12</artifactId>
                </exclusion>
                <exclusion>
                    <groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
                    <artifactId>slf4j-simple</artifactId>
                </exclusion>
            </exclusions>
        </dependency>

但这没有用。阴影/超级罐子中可能有排除物吗？

而且，雅各布为什么要照顾？有什么办法可以解决或忽略这些错误？我该如何解决这个问题？

问题答案：

物业excludes的report目标指定哪些文件应该从分析产生报告时被排除在外。如果/path/tp/my/project/target/classes/META- INF/bundled-dependencies/some-third-party-1-jar-with- dependencies.jar@org/slf4j/event/EventConstants.class文件是/path/tp/my/project/target/classes/META- INF/bundled-dependencies/some-third-party-1-jar-with- dependencies.jar，其余的关于JAR文件中的类。

因此，作为正确配置的示例之一：

<configuration>
  <excludes>
    <exclude>META-INF/**</exclude>
  </excludes>
</configuration>

作为证明 pom.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/maven-v4_0_0.xsd">
  <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

  <groupId>org.example</groupId>
  <artifactId>example</artifactId>
  <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>

  <properties>
    <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
  </properties>

  <dependencies>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>junit</groupId>
      <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
      <version>4.12</version>
      <scope>test</scope>
    </dependency>
  </dependencies>

  <build>
    <plugins>
      <plugin>
        <groupId>org.jacoco</groupId>
        <artifactId>jacoco-maven-plugin</artifactId>
        <version>0.8.1</version>
      </plugin>
    </plugins>
  </build>

</project>

src/main/java/Example.java

public class Example {
}

和 src/test/java/ExampleTest.java

public class ExampleTest {
  @org.junit.Test
  public void test() {
  }
}

执行

mvn clean jacoco:prepare-agent package
mkdir target/classes/META-INF/
cp ~/.m2/repository/org/slf4j/slf4j-api/1.4.2/slf4j-api-1.4.2.jar target/classes
cp ~/.m2/repository/org/slf4j/slf4j-api/1.7.7/slf4j-api-1.7.7.jar target/classes/META-INF
mvn jacoco:report

将失败并显示消息

Error while analyzing /private/tmp/j/target/classes/slf4j-api-1.4.2.jar@org/slf4j/helpers/BasicMarker.class. Can't add different class with same name: org/slf4j/helpers/BasicMarker

同时执行pom.xml包含排除META-INF/**

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/maven-v4_0_0.xsd">
  <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

  <groupId>org.example</groupId>
  <artifactId>example</artifactId>
  <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>

  <properties>
    <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
  </properties>

  <dependencies>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>junit</groupId>
      <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
      <version>4.12</version>
      <scope>test</scope>
    </dependency>
  </dependencies>

  <build>
    <plugins>
      <plugin>
        <groupId>org.jacoco</groupId>
        <artifactId>jacoco-maven-plugin</artifactId>
        <version>0.8.1</version>
        <configuration>
          <excludes>
            <exclude>META-INF/**</exclude>
          </excludes>
        </configuration>
      </plugin>
    </plugins>
  </build>

</project>

将会成功。

附带说明：目标属性excludes的语义prepare- agent是不同的
-它指定了类名（无论其在磁盘上的位置如何），在执行测试期间应从工具中排除该类名。

jacoco：不能排除类

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