Python-如何用pandas读取6gb csv文件

Question

我正在尝试在pandas中读取较大的csv文件（大约6 GB），并且遇到以下内存错误：

MemoryError                               Traceback (most recent call last)
<ipython-input-58-67a72687871b> in <module>()
----> 1 data=pd.read_csv('aphro.csv',sep=';')

C:\Python27\lib\site-packages\pandas\io\parsers.pyc in parser_f(filepath_or_buffer, sep, dialect, compression, doublequote, escapechar, quotechar, quoting, skipinitialspace, lineterminator, header, index_col, names, prefix, skiprows, skipfooter, skip_footer, na_values, na_fvalues, true_values, false_values, delimiter, converters, dtype, usecols, engine, delim_whitespace, as_recarray, na_filter, compact_ints, use_unsigned, low_memory, buffer_lines, warn_bad_lines, error_bad_lines, keep_default_na, thousands, comment, decimal, parse_dates, keep_date_col, dayfirst, date_parser, memory_map, nrows, iterator, chunksize, verbose, encoding, squeeze, mangle_dupe_cols, tupleize_cols, infer_datetime_format)
    450                     infer_datetime_format=infer_datetime_format)
    451 
--> 452         return _read(filepath_or_buffer, kwds)
    453 
    454     parser_f.__name__ = name

C:\Python27\lib\site-packages\pandas\io\parsers.pyc in _read(filepath_or_buffer, kwds)
    242         return parser
    243 
--> 244     return parser.read()
    245 
    246 _parser_defaults = {

C:\Python27\lib\site-packages\pandas\io\parsers.pyc in read(self, nrows)
    693                 raise ValueError('skip_footer not supported for iteration')
    694 
--> 695         ret = self._engine.read(nrows)
    696 
    697         if self.options.get('as_recarray'):

C:\Python27\lib\site-packages\pandas\io\parsers.pyc in read(self, nrows)
   1137 
   1138         try:
-> 1139             data = self._reader.read(nrows)
   1140         except StopIteration:
   1141             if nrows is None:

C:\Python27\lib\site-packages\pandas\parser.pyd in pandas.parser.TextReader.read (pandas\parser.c:7145)()

C:\Python27\lib\site-packages\pandas\parser.pyd in pandas.parser.TextReader._read_low_memory (pandas\parser.c:7369)()

C:\Python27\lib\site-packages\pandas\parser.pyd in pandas.parser.TextReader._read_rows (pandas\parser.c:8194)()

C:\Python27\lib\site-packages\pandas\parser.pyd in pandas.parser.TextReader._convert_column_data (pandas\parser.c:9402)()

C:\Python27\lib\site-packages\pandas\parser.pyd in pandas.parser.TextReader._convert_tokens (pandas\parser.c:10057)()

C:\Python27\lib\site-packages\pandas\parser.pyd in pandas.parser.TextReader._convert_with_dtype (pandas\parser.c:10361)()

C:\Python27\lib\site-packages\pandas\parser.pyd in pandas.parser._try_int64 (pandas\parser.c:17806)()

MemoryError: 

任何帮助吗？

Answer 1

该错误表明机器没有足够的内存来一次将整个CSV读入DataFrame。假设你一次也不需要整个数据集都在内存中，那么避免该问题的一种方法是分批处理CSV（通过指定chunksize参数）：

chunksize = 10 ** 6
for chunk in pd.read_csv(filename, chunksize=chunksize):
    process(chunk)

该chunksize参数指定每个块的行数。（当然，最后一块可能少于chunksize行。）