Java JApplet到JFrame
佟寒
问题内容：
问题答案：
我想将JApplet转换为JFrame。我在互联网上找到了一个单词搜索游戏的代码。我想在一个类的演示中使用此代码。但我不想在applet中使用它。我要在此处粘贴的代码大约有7,000个字符。我尝试使用JApplet并扩展JFrame，然后将所有用于初始化的代码放入构造函数（零自变量构造函数）中。这导致大约十个我无法解决的错误。我想制作一个单词搜索游戏，并且找到了一个很好的例子，但是我无法在Eclipse中运行它。
class WordSearch extends JApplet
implements Runnable, KeyListener, MouseListener, MouseMotionListener {
// Copyright information.
String copyName = "Word Search";
String copyVers = "Version 1.1";
String copyInfo = "Copyright 1999-2001 by Mike Hall";
String copyLink = "http://www.brainjar.com";
String copyText = copyName + '\n' + copyVers + '\n'
+ copyInfo + '\n' + copyLink;
// Thread control variables.
Thread loopThread; // Main thread.
// Constants
static final int DELAY = 50; // Milliseconds between screen updates.
static final int INIT = 1; // Game states.
static final int PLAY = 2;
static final int OVER = 3;
// Parameters and defaults.
Color scrnFgColor = Color.black; // Background color.
Color scrnBgColor = Color.white; // Foreground color.
Color scrnBdColor = Color.black; // Border color.
String scrnFontStr = "Helvetica,bold,12"; // Font.
Color bttnFgColor = Color.black; // Button background color.
Color bttnBgColor = Color.lightGray; // Button foreground color.
String bttnFontStr = "Dialog,bold,10"; // Button font.
Color gridFgColor = Color.black; // Grid text color.
Color gridBgColor = Color.white; // Grid background color.
Color gridHiColor = Color.yellow; // Grid highlight color.
Color gridFdColor = Color.lightGray; // Grid found color.
String gridFontStr = "Courier,plain,14"; // Grid font.
Color listFgColor = Color.black; // List text color.
Color listBgColor = Color.white; // List background color.
Color listFdColor = Color.lightGray; // List found color.
String listFontStr = "Helvetica,plain,12"; // List font.
int gridRows = 15; // Grid rows.
int gridCols = 15; // Grid columns.
int gridSize = 20; // Grid cell size.
Vector files = new Vector(); // List if text file URLs.
// Global variables.
static Vector words; // Word list.
Font scrnFont; // Screen font.
Font bttnFont; // Screen font.
Font gridFont; // Grid font.
Font listFont; // List font.
// Display elements.
WSGrid grid;
WSList list;
WSButton newGame;
WSButton solveGame;
WSButton scrollUp;
WSButton scrollDn;
// File data.
int fileNum;
// Game data.
int gap = 4; // Gap between display elements.
int gameState; // Game state.
int scroll; // Scroll direction.
int count; // Number of words found.
long startTime; // Start time of current game.
String timeText; // Elapsed time text.
String statText; // Words found/total text.
String subjText; // Word list subject, from file.
// Off screen image.
Dimension offDimension;
Image offImage;
Graphics offGraphics;
// Applet information.
public String getAppletInfo() {
return(copyText);
}
public void init() {
Dimension d = getSize();
Font f;
FontMetrics fm;
String s;
StringTokenizer st;
int n;
Polygon p;
int x, y;
int w, h;
// Display copyright information.
System.out.println(copyText);
// Set up mouse and key event handling and set focus to the applet window.
addKeyListener(this);
addMouseListener(this);
addMouseMotionListener(this);
requestFocus();
// Get colors.
s = getParameter("screencolors");
if (s != null) {
st = new StringTokenizer(s, ",");
scrnFgColor = getColorParm(st.nextToken());
scrnBgColor = getColorParm(st.nextToken());
scrnBdColor = getColorParm(st.nextToken());
}
s = getParameter("buttoncolors");
if (s != null) {
st = new StringTokenizer(s, ",");
bttnFgColor = getColorParm(st.nextToken());
bttnBgColor = getColorParm(st.nextToken());
}
s = getParameter("gridcolors");
if (s != null) {
st = new StringTokenizer(s, ",");
gridFgColor = getColorParm(st.nextToken());
gridBgColor = getColorParm(st.nextToken());
gridFdColor = getColorParm(st.nextToken());
gridHiColor = getColorParm(st.nextToken());
}
s = getParameter("listcolors");
if (s != null) {
st = new StringTokenizer(s, ",");
listFgColor = getColorParm(st.nextToken());
listBgColor = getColorParm(st.nextToken());
listFdColor = getColorParm(st.nextToken());
}
// Get fonts.
scrnFont = getFontParm(scrnFontStr);
s = getParameter("screenfont");
if (s != null)
if ((f = getFontParm(s)) != null)
scrnFont = f;
bttnFont = getFontParm(bttnFontStr);
s = getParameter("buttonfont");
if (s != null)
if ((f = getFontParm(s)) != null)
bttnFont = f;
gridFont = getFontParm(gridFontStr);
s = getParameter("gridfont");
if (s != null)
if ((f = getFontParm(s)) != null)
gridFont = f;
listFont = getFontParm(listFontStr);
s = getParameter("listfont");
if (s != null)
if ((f = getFontParm(s)) != null)
listFont = f;
// Get grid size.
s = getParameter("gridsize");
if (s != null) {
st = new StringTokenizer(s, ",");
if ((n = Integer.parseInt(st.nextToken())) > 0)
gridRows = n;
if ((n = Integer.parseInt(st.nextToken())) > 0)
gridCols = n;
if ((n = Integer.parseInt(st.nextToken())) > 0)
gridSize = n;
}
// Get list of word file URLs.
s = getParameter("files");
if (s != null) {
st = new StringTokenizer(s, ",");
while (st.hasMoreTokens())
files.addElement(st.nextToken());
}
// Create and position letter grid.
grid = new WSGrid(gridRows, gridCols, gridSize, gridFont);
grid.setColors(gridFgColor, gridBgColor, scrnBdColor, gridFdColor,
gridHiColor);
grid.clear();
// Create and position word list.
fm = getFontMetrics(listFont);
x = grid.x + grid.width + gap;
w = d.width - x;
h = grid.height - 2 * (fm.getHeight() + gap);
list = new WSList(w, h, listFont);
list.x = x;
list.y = grid.y + fm.getHeight() + gap;
list.setColors(listFgColor, listBgColor, scrnBdColor, listFdColor);
// Create and position scroll buttons above and below work list.
fm = getFontMetrics(bttnFont);
w = list.width;
h = fm.getHeight();
p = new Polygon();
p.addPoint(0, -h / 2 + 2);
p.addPoint(-fm.getMaxAdvance() / 2, h / 2 - 2);
p.addPoint(fm.getMaxAdvance() / 2, h / 2 - 2);
scrollUp = new WSButton(p, w, h);
scrollUp.x = list.x;
scrollUp.y = grid.y;
scrollUp.setColors(bttnFgColor, bttnBgColor, scrnBdColor);
p = new Polygon();
p.addPoint(0, h / 2 - 2);
p.addPoint(-fm.getMaxAdvance() / 2, -h / 2 + 2);
p.addPoint(fm.getMaxAdvance() / 2, -h / 2 + 2);
scrollDn = new WSButton(p, w, h);
scrollDn.x = list.x;
scrollDn.y = list.y + list.height + gap;
scrollDn.setColors(bttnFgColor, bttnBgColor, scrnBdColor);
// Create and position text buttons under letter grid.
fm = getFontMetrics(bttnFont);
s = "New Game";
w = fm.stringWidth(s) + fm.getMaxAdvance();
h = 3 * fm.getHeight() / 2;
newGame = new WSButton(s, bttnFont, w, h);
newGame.setColors(bttnFgColor, bttnBgColor, scrnBdColor);
s = "Solve Game";
w = fm.stringWidth(s) + fm.getMaxAdvance();
solveGame = new WSButton(s, bttnFont, w, h);
solveGame.setColors(bttnFgColor, bttnBgColor, scrnBdColor);
fm = getFontMetrics(scrnFont);
x = (grid.width - (newGame.width + solveGame.width + gap)) / 2;
y = grid.x + grid.height + fm.getHeight() + fm.getMaxDescent() + 2 * gap;
newGame.x = x;
newGame.y = y;
solveGame.x = x + newGame.width + gap;
solveGame.y = y;
// Initialize game data.
fileNum = 0;
scroll = 0;
timeText = "";
statText = "";
subjText = "";
words = new Vector();
grid.fill();
endGame();
gameState = INIT;
}
public Color getColorParm(String s) {
int r, g, b;
// Check if a pre-defined color is specified.
if (s.equalsIgnoreCase("black"))
return(Color.black);
if (s.equalsIgnoreCase("blue"))
return(Color.blue);
if (s.equalsIgnoreCase("cyan"))
return(Color.cyan);
if (s.equalsIgnoreCase("darkGray"))
return(Color.darkGray);
if (s.equalsIgnoreCase("gray"))
return(Color.gray);
if (s.equalsIgnoreCase("green"))
return(Color.green);
if (s.equalsIgnoreCase("lightGray"))
return(Color.lightGray);
if (s.equalsIgnoreCase("magenta"))
return(Color.magenta);
if (s.equalsIgnoreCase("orange"))
return(Color.orange);
if (s.equalsIgnoreCase("pink"))
return(Color.pink);
if (s.equalsIgnoreCase("red"))
return(Color.red);
if (s.equalsIgnoreCase("white"))
return(Color.white);
if (s.equalsIgnoreCase("yellow"))
return(Color.yellow);
// If the color is specified in HTML format, build it from the red, green
// and blue values.
if (s.length() == 7 && s.charAt(0) == '#') {
r = Integer.parseInt(s.substring(1,3),16);
g = Integer.parseInt(s.substring(3,5),16);
b = Integer.parseInt(s.substring(5,7),16);
return(new Color(r, g, b));
}
// If we can't figure it out, default to black.
return(Color.black);
}
public Font getFontParm(String s) {
String t, fontName;
StringTokenizer st;
int n, fontStyle, fontSize;
fontName = "";
fontStyle = -1;
fontSize = -1;
// Parse font name.
st = new StringTokenizer(s, ",");
t = st.nextToken();
if (t.equalsIgnoreCase("Courier"))
fontName = "Courier";
else if (t.equalsIgnoreCase("Dialog"))
fontName = "Dialog";
else if (t.equalsIgnoreCase("Helvetica"))
fontName = "Helvetica";
else if (t.equalsIgnoreCase("Symbol"))
fontName = "Symbol";
else if (t.equalsIgnoreCase("TimesRoman"))
fontName = "TimesRoman";
// Parse font style.
t = st.nextToken();
if (t.equalsIgnoreCase("plain"))
fontStyle = Font.PLAIN;
else if (t.equalsIgnoreCase("bold"))
fontStyle = Font.BOLD;
else if (t.equalsIgnoreCase("italic"))
fontStyle = Font.ITALIC;
else if (t.equalsIgnoreCase("boldItalic"))
fontStyle = Font.BOLD + Font.ITALIC;
// Parse font size.
t = st.nextToken();
if ((n = Integer.parseInt(t)) > 0)
fontSize = n;
// Return the specified font.
if (fontName != "" && fontStyle >= 0 && fontSize >= 0)
return(new Font(fontName, fontStyle, fontSize));
// If we can't figure it out, return a null value.
return (Font) null;
}
public void start() {
if (loopThread == null) {
loopThread = new Thread(this);
loopThread.start();
}
}
public void stop() {
if (loopThread != null) {
loopThread.stop();
loopThread = null;
}
}
public void run() {
long threadTime, elapsedTime;
Date date;
int m, s;
String mm, ss;
// Lower this thread's priority and get the current time.
Thread.currentThread().setPriority(Thread.MIN_PRIORITY);
threadTime = System.currentTimeMillis();
// This is the main loop.
while (Thread.currentThread() == loopThread) {
// Scroll word list.
list.scroll += scroll;
// Update game time.
if (gameState == PLAY) {
elapsedTime = threadTime - startTime;
m = (int) (elapsedTime / 60000);
s = (int) ((elapsedTime - 60000 * m) / 1000);
mm = Integer.toString(m);
ss = Integer.toString(s);
if (mm.length() < 2)
mm = "0" + mm;
if (ss.length() < 2)
ss = "0" + ss;
timeText = "Time: " + mm + ":" + ss;
statText = "Found: " + count + "/" + words.size();
}
// Update the screen and set the timer for the next loop.
repaint();
try {
threadTime += DELAY;
Thread.sleep(Math.max(0, threadTime - System.currentTimeMillis()));
}
catch (InterruptedException e) {
break;
}
}
}
public void keyPressed(KeyEvent e) {
// 'HOME' key: jump to web site (undocumented).
if (e.getKeyCode() == KeyEvent.VK_HOME)
try {
getAppletContext().showDocument(new URL(copyLink));
}
catch (Exception excp) {}
}
public void keyReleased(KeyEvent e) {}
public void keyTyped(KeyEvent e) {}
public void mousePressed(MouseEvent e) {
int x, y;
x = e.getX();
y = e.getY();
// Check buttons.
if (newGame.inside(x, y))
initGame();
if (gameState == PLAY && solveGame.inside(x, y))
solveGame();
if (gameState != INIT && scrollUp.inside(x, y))
scroll = -1;
if (gameState != INIT && scrollDn.inside(x, y))
scroll = 1;
// Check grid.
if (gameState == PLAY && grid.inside(x, y)) {
grid.select = true;
grid.startX = x;
grid.startY = y;
grid.endX = x;
grid.endY = y;
}
}
public void mouseReleased(MouseEvent e) {
// Stop any scrolling.
scroll = 0;
// If a selection was being made, check it.
if (gameState == PLAY && grid.select) {
grid.select = false;
if (grid.checkSelection())
if (++count >= words.size()) {
timeText += " Done!";
statText = "Found: " + count + "/" + words.size();
endGame();
}
}
}
public void mouseClicked(MouseEvent e) {}
public void mouseEntered(MouseEvent e) {}
public void mouseExited(MouseEvent e) {}
public void mouseDragged(MouseEvent e) {
if (gameState == PLAY && grid.select) {
grid.endX = e.getX();
grid.endY = e.getY();
}
}
public void mouseMoved(MouseEvent e) {}
public void initGame() {
setWords();
grid.select = false;
grid.fill();
list.scroll = 0;
count = 0;
startTime = System.currentTimeMillis();
timeText = "";
statText = "";
gameState = PLAY;
}
public void solveGame() {
WSWord ws;
int i;
// Mark all words as found.
for (i = 0; i < words.size(); i++) {
ws = (WSWord) words.elementAt(i);
ws.found = true;
}
count = words.size();
timeText = "Cheated!";
endGame();
}
public void endGame() {
gameState = OVER;
}
public void setWords() {
String s;
URL url;
InputStream in;
BufferedReader buf;
// Clear word list.
words.removeAllElements();
// Get next file URL.
if (fileNum >= files.size())
fileNum = 0;
s = (String) files.elementAt(fileNum);
url = (URL) null;
try {
url = new URL(getDocumentBase(), s);
}
catch (Exception e) {}
fileNum++;
// Open it up and read list of words.
subjText = "";
try {
in = url.openStream();
buf = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(in));
while((s = buf.readLine()) != null)
if (s.startsWith("#"))
subjText = "'" + s.substring(1) + "'";
else if (s.length() > 0)
words.addElement(new WSWord(s));
}
catch (IOException e) {}
}
public void update(Graphics g) {
paint(g);
}
public void paint(Graphics g) {
Dimension d = getSize();
FontMetrics fm;
String s;
int x, y;
int w, h;
// Create the off screen graphics context, if no good one exists.
if (offGraphics == null || d.width != offDimension.width || d.height != offDimension.height) {
offDimension = new Dimension(d.width, d.height);
offImage = createImage(d.width, d.height);
offGraphics = offImage.getGraphics();
}
// Color the applet background.
offGraphics.setColor(scrnBgColor);
offGraphics.fillRect(0, 0, d.width, d.height);
// Draw each game element.
grid.draw(offGraphics);
list.draw(offGraphics);
scrollUp.draw(offGraphics);
scrollDn.draw(offGraphics);
newGame.draw(offGraphics);
solveGame.draw(offGraphics);
// Display title, messages, etc. as appropriate.
offGraphics.setColor(scrnFgColor);
offGraphics.setFont(scrnFont);
fm = offGraphics.getFontMetrics();
if (gameState == INIT) {
x = (grid.x + grid.width) / 2;
y = (grid.y + grid.height) / 2;
w = Math.max(fm.stringWidth(copyName), fm.stringWidth(copyVers));
w = Math.max(w, fm.stringWidth(copyInfo));
w = Math.max(w, fm.stringWidth(copyLink));
w += fm.getMaxAdvance();
h = 6 * fm.getHeight();
offGraphics.setColor(gridFgColor);
offGraphics.fillRect(x - w / 2, y - h / 2, w, h);
offGraphics.setColor(gridBgColor);
offGraphics.drawRect(x - w / 2 + 1, y - h / 2 + 1, w - 3, h - 3);
offGraphics.drawString(copyName, x - fm.stringWidth(copyName) / 2, y - 2 * fm.getHeight());
offGraphics.drawString(copyVers, x - fm.stringWidth(copyVers) / 2, y - fm.getHeight());
offGraphics.drawString(copyInfo, x - fm.stringWidth(copyInfo) / 2, y + fm.getHeight());
offGraphics.drawString(copyLink, x - fm.stringWidth(copyLink) / 2, y + 2 * fm.getHeight());
}
x = (grid.x + grid.width - fm.stringWidth(subjText)) / 2;
y = grid.y + grid.height + fm.getHeight();
offGraphics.drawString(subjText, x, y);
s = timeText;
x = Math.min(d.width - fm.stringWidth(s), list.x);
offGraphics.drawString(s, x, y);
s = statText;
x = Math.min(d.width - fm.stringWidth(s), list.x);
y += fm.getHeight();
offGraphics.drawString(s, x, y);
// Copy the off screen buffer to the screen.
g.drawImage(offImage, 0, 0, this);
}
}
These are the parameters that have to interact with the JApplet
<applet code="WordSearch.class" width=w height=h>
<param name="screencolors" value="foreground,background,border">
<param name="buttoncolors" value="foreground,background">
<param name="gridcolors" value="foreground,background,found,highlight">
<param name="listcolors" value="foreground,background,found">
<param name="screenfont" value="name,style,size">
<param name="buttonfont" value="name,style,size">
<param name="gridfont" value="name,style,size">
<param name="listfont" value="name,style,size">
<param name="gridsize" value="rows,cols,size">
<param name="files" value="url,url,url...">
</applet>
问题答案：
遵循一个非常基本的示例…
import javax.swing.JApplet;
import javax.swing.JButton;
import javax.swing.JFrame;
public class MyWordGame extends JApplet {
public void init(){
add(new JButton("Test"));
}
/**
* @param args
*/
public static void main(String[] args) {
MyWordGame game=new MyWordGame();
JFrame myFrame=new JFrame("Test");
myFrame.add(game);
myFrame.pack();
myFrame.setVisible(true);
game.init();
}
}
You can run it both as applet or application. But remember that, if your
applet interacts with browser, you must provide a custom AppletContext and you
may also want to eventually provide a kind of management of applet’s lifecycle
(like calling start() / stop() / destroy() when appropriate).
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