如何使toString（）方法还返回超类私有字段及其实例字段？

Question

有没有一种方法可以toString()包含超级的私有字段class？我尝试添加super.toString()，但是没有用。

请看下面的代码

Employee.java

package test;

public class Employee {

private  String name;
private int id;
private double salary;

public Employee(String name, int id, double salary) {
    super();
    this.name = name;
    this.id = id;
    this.salary = salary;
}

public double getSalary() {
    return salary;
}

@Override
public String toString() {
    return "Employee [name=" + name + ", id=" + id + ", salary=" + salary
            + "]";
}

public static void main(String[] args) {

    Employee e=new Employee("Joe", 14, 5000);
    System.out.println(e);
    Manager m=new Manager("Bill", 23, 5000, 10);
    System.out.println(m);
    System.out.println("Employee Salary is "+e.getSalary()+"\nManager salary is "+m.getSalary());
}
}

管理器

package test;

public class Manager extends Employee{

private double bonus;
public Manager(String name, int id, double salary,int bonus) {
    super(name, id, salary);
    this.bonus=bonus;
}

public double getSalary()
{
    double baseSalary=super.getSalary();

    return (baseSalary+baseSalary*(bonus/100));

}

@Override
public String toString() {
    return(this.getClass().getName()+" ["+super.toString().substring((this.getClass().getSuperclass().getName().length()-3
            ), (super.toString().length())-1)+", bonus="+bonus+"]");
    //didn't work
    //super.toString();
    //return "Manager [bonus=" + bonus + "]";
}



}

输出量

Employee [name=Joe, id=14, salary=5000.0]
test.Manager [name=Bill, id=23, salary=5000.0, bonus=10.0]
Employee Salary is 5000.0
Manager salary is 5500.0

那是我能做的最好的，连接super.toString()+一组字符串，这肯定是一团糟，还有其他方法，即使语言规范不允许它确实有蚀的能力， 注意
：使用 eclipse 生成 toString 方法，通过任何方式，我可以告诉eclipse也包括超类字段，

换句话说，我可以取代这个凌乱的代码

return(this.getClass().getName()+" ["+super.toString().substring((this.getClass().getSuperclass().getName().length()-3
            ), (super.toString().length())-1)+", bonus="+bonus+"]");

通过让 Eclipse 自动执行该过程并生成合适的方法来做到这一点？

Answer 1

如果您在超类中创建getter和setter，则可以通过这些方法访问变量。另一种可能性是将可见性从私有更改为受保护

第一个解决方案看起来像这样

雇员

public class Employee {

    private String name;
    private int id;
    private double salary;

    public Employee(String name, int id, double salary) {
        super();
        this.name = name;
        this.id = id;
        this.salary = salary;
    }

    public double getSalary() {
        return salary;
    }

    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }

    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }

    public int getId() {
        return id;
    }

    public void setId(int id) {
        this.id = id;
    }

    public void setSalary(double salary) {
        this.salary = salary;
    }

    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "Employee [name=" + name + ", id=" + id + ", salary=" + salary + "]";
    }
}

经理

public class Manager extends Employee {

    private double bonus;

    public Manager(String name, int id, double salary, int bonus) {
        super(name, id, salary);
        this.bonus = bonus;
    }

    public double getSalary() {
        double baseSalary = super.getSalary();

        return (baseSalary + baseSalary * (bonus / 100));

    }

    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "Manager [name=" + getName() + ", id=" + getId() + ", salary=" + getSalary() + ", bonus=" + bonus + "]";
    }

}

第二个（使用保护）

雇员

public class Employee {

    protected String name;
    protected int id;
    protected double salary;

    public Employee(String name, int id, double salary) {
        super();
        this.name = name;
        this.id = id;
        this.salary = salary;
    }

    public double getSalary() {
        return salary;
    }



    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "Employee [name=" + name + ", id=" + id + ", salary=" + salary + "]";
    }
}

经理

public class Manager extends Employee {

    protected double bonus;

    public Manager(String name, int id, double salary, int bonus) {
        super(name, id, salary);
        this.bonus = bonus;
    }

    public double getSalary() {
        double baseSalary = super.getSalary();

        return (baseSalary + baseSalary * (bonus / 100));

    }

    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "Manager [name=" + name + ", id=" + id + ", salary=" + salary + ", bonus=" + bonus + "]";
    }

}

我个人会使用getter / setter方法，但这取决于您。

编辑：toString()在日食的日蚀的补充。您似乎无法使用getters和setter生成它（只是快速浏览，您可以在此处看到一些文档。我所做的工作是弄清楚如何编辑生成代码模板时使用的代码模板，toString()因此它包括toString()超类中的。

当您进入generate toString（）对话框时，<Default Template>旁边有一个字段“ String Format”
。当您单击编辑按钮时，您可以创建一个新的代码模板。该模板会自动保存<Default Template>和，看起来应该像这样：

${object.className} [${member.name()}=${member.value}, ${otherMembers}]

最后，您只需要添加以下内容

[super: ${object.superToString}]

这样，它将显示toString()超类的形式