在Swift 3中以编程方式使用ScrollView

Question

我已经搜索了其他问题，但是似乎仍然无法在swift
3中使用自动布局以编程方式创建我的scrollView。我可以使我的scrollview出现，如下图所示，但是当我滚动到底部时，其他标签可以显示不会显示，并且“滚动顶部”标签不会消失。

希望有人可以帮助您在下面查看我的代码！

import UIKit

class ViewController: UIViewController {

let labelOne: UILabel = {
    let label = UILabel()
    label.text = "Scroll Top"
    label.backgroundColor = .red
    label.translatesAutoresizingMaskIntoConstraints = false
    return label
}()

let labelTwo: UILabel = {
    let label = UILabel()
    label.text = "Scroll Bottom"
    label.backgroundColor = .green
    label.translatesAutoresizingMaskIntoConstraints = false
    return label
}()


override func viewDidLoad() {
    super.viewDidLoad()

    let screensize: CGRect = UIScreen.main.bounds
    let screenWidth = screensize.width
    let screenHeight = screensize.height
    var scrollView: UIScrollView!
    scrollView = UIScrollView(frame: CGRect(x: 0, y: 120, width: screenWidth, height: screenHeight))
    scrollView.contentSize = CGSize(width: screenWidth, height: 2000)
    scrollView.addSubview(labelOne)
    scrollView.addSubview(labelTwo)


    view.addSubview(labelOne)
    view.addSubview(labelTwo)
    view.addSubview(scrollView)

    // Visual Format Constraints
    view.addConstraints(NSLayoutConstraint.constraints(withVisualFormat: "H:|[v0]|", options: NSLayoutFormatOptions(), metrics: nil, views: ["v0": labelOne]))
    view.addConstraints(NSLayoutConstraint.constraints(withVisualFormat: "V:|-100-[v0]", options: NSLayoutFormatOptions(), metrics: nil, views: ["v0": labelOne]))

    // Using iOS 9 Constraints in order to place the label past the iPhone 7 view
    view.addConstraint(NSLayoutConstraint(item: labelTwo, attribute: .top, relatedBy: .equal, toItem: labelOne, attribute: .bottom, multiplier: 1, constant: screenHeight + 200))
    view.addConstraint(NSLayoutConstraint(item: labelTwo, attribute: .right, relatedBy: .equal, toItem: labelOne, attribute: .right, multiplier: 1, constant: 0))
    view.addConstraint(NSLayoutConstraint(item: labelTwo, attribute: .left, relatedBy: .equal, toItem: labelOne, attribute: .left, multiplier: 1, constant: 0)

    }

}

Answer 1

使用约束定义滚动内容大小很容易-因此您不必进行任何手动计算。

只记得：

1. 滚动视图的 内容元素 必须具有left / top / width / height值。对于标签这样的对象，它们具有固有的大小，因此您只需定义左和上。
2. 滚动视图的 content元素 还 定义了可滚动区域的边界-，contentSize但是它们使用上下约束。
3. 结合这两个概念，您将看到需要一个“连续链”，其中至少有一个元素定义了上/左/下/右范围。

这是一个简单的示例，将直接在Playground页面中运行：

import UIKit
import PlaygroundSupport

class TestViewController : UIViewController {

    let labelOne: UILabel = {
        let label = UILabel()
        label.text = "Scroll Top"
        label.backgroundColor = .red
        label.translatesAutoresizingMaskIntoConstraints = false
        return label
    }()

    let labelTwo: UILabel = {
        let label = UILabel()
        label.text = "Scroll Bottom"
        label.backgroundColor = .green
        label.translatesAutoresizingMaskIntoConstraints = false
        return label
    }()

    let scrollView: UIScrollView = {
        let v = UIScrollView()
        v.translatesAutoresizingMaskIntoConstraints = false
        v.backgroundColor = .cyan
        return v
    }()


    override func viewDidLoad() {
        super.viewDidLoad()

        // add the scroll view to self.view
        self.view.addSubview(scrollView)

        // constrain the scroll view to 8-pts on each side
        scrollView.leftAnchor.constraint(equalTo: view.leftAnchor, constant: 8.0).isActive = true
        scrollView.topAnchor.constraint(equalTo: view.topAnchor, constant: 8.0).isActive = true
        scrollView.rightAnchor.constraint(equalTo: view.rightAnchor, constant: -8.0).isActive = true
        scrollView.bottomAnchor.constraint(equalTo: view.bottomAnchor, constant: -8.0).isActive = true

        // add labelOne to the scroll view
        scrollView.addSubview(labelOne)

        // constrain labelOne to left & top with 16-pts padding
        // this also defines the left & top of the scroll content
        labelOne.leadingAnchor.constraint(equalTo: scrollView.leadingAnchor, constant: 16.0).isActive = true
        labelOne.topAnchor.constraint(equalTo: scrollView.topAnchor, constant: 16.0).isActive = true

        // add labelTwo to the scroll view
        scrollView.addSubview(labelTwo)

        // constrain labelTwo at 400-pts from the left
        labelTwo.leadingAnchor.constraint(equalTo: scrollView.leadingAnchor, constant: 400.0).isActive = true

        // constrain labelTwo at 1000-pts from the top
        labelTwo.topAnchor.constraint(equalTo: scrollView.topAnchor, constant: 1000).isActive = true

        // constrain labelTwo to right & bottom with 16-pts padding
        labelTwo.rightAnchor.constraint(equalTo: scrollView.rightAnchor, constant: -16.0).isActive = true
        labelTwo.bottomAnchor.constraint(equalTo: scrollView.bottomAnchor, constant: -16.0).isActive = true

    }

}


let vc = TestViewController()
vc.view.backgroundColor = .yellow
PlaygroundPage.current.liveView = vc