使用beautifulSoup，Python在h3和div标签中刮取文本

Question

我没有使用python，BeautifulSoup，Selenium等的经验，但是我很想从网站上抓取数据并将其存储为csv文件。我需要的单个数据样本编码如下（一行数据）。

<div class="box effect">
<div class="row">
<div class="col-lg-10">
    <h3>HEADING</h3>
        <div><i class="fa user"></i>&nbsp;&nbsp;NAME</div>
        <div><i class="fa phone"></i>&nbsp;&nbsp;MOBILE</div>
        <div><i class="fa mobile-phone fa-2"></i>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;NUMBER</div>
        <div><i class="fa address"></i>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;XYZ_ADDRESS</div>
    <div class="space">&nbsp;</div>

<div style="padding:10px;padding-left:0px;"><a class="btn btn-primary btn-sm" href="www.link_to_another_page.com"><i class="fa search-plus"></i> &nbsp;more info</a></div>

</div>
<div class="col-lg-2">

</div>
</div>
</div>

我需要的输出是 Heading,NAME,MOBILE,NUMBER,XYZ_ADDRESS

我发现这些数据没有ID或类，但仍以通用文本形式出现在网站中。为此，我分别尝试使用BeautifulSoup和Python
Selenium，在这两种方法中，我都陷入了无法提取的麻烦，因为我没有看到任何教程，却指导我从这些和标签中提取文本。

我的代码使用BeautifulSoup

import urllib2
from bs4 import BeautifulSoup
import requests
import csv

MAX = 2

'''with open("lg.csv", "a") as f:
  w=csv.writer(f)'''
##for i in range(1,MAX+1)
url="http://www.example_site.com"

page=requests.get(url)
soup = BeautifulSoup(page.content,"html.parser")

for h in soup.find_all('h3'):
    print(h.get('h3'))

我的selenium代码

import csv
from selenium import webdriver
MAX_PAGE_NUM = 2
driver = webdriver.Firefox()
for i in range(1, MAX_PAGE_NUM+1):
  url = "http://www.example_site.com"
  driver.get(url)
  name = driver.find_elements_by_xpath('//div[@class = "col-lg-10"]/h3')
  #contact = driver.find_elements_by_xpath('//span[@class="item-price"]')
#  phone = 
#  mobile = 
#  address =
#  print(len(buyers))
#  num_page_items = len(buyers)
#  with open('res.csv','a') as f:
#    for i in range(num_page_items):
#      f.write(buyers[i].text + "," + prices[i].text + "\n")
  print (name)          
driver.close()

Answer 1

您可以使用CSS选择器来查找所需的数据。在您的情况下，div > h3 ~ div将找到div直接在div元素内部并由h3元素开头的所有元素。

import bs4

page= """
<div class="box effect">
<div class="row">
<div class="col-lg-10">
    <h3>HEADING</h3>
    <div><i class="fa user"></i>&nbsp;&nbsp;NAME</div>
    <div><i class="fa phone"></i>&nbsp;&nbsp;MOBILE</div>
    <div><i class="fa mobile-phone fa-2"></i>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;NUMBER</div>
    <div><i class="fa address"></i>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;XYZ_ADDRESS</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
"""

soup = bs4.BeautifulSoup(page, 'lxml')

# find all div elements that are inside a div element
# and are proceeded by an h3 element
selector = 'div > h3 ~ div'

# find elements that contain the data we want
found = soup.select(selector)

# Extract data from the found elements
data = [x.text.split(';')[-1].strip() for x in found]

for x in data:
    print(x)

编辑：刮标题中的文本。

heading = soup.find('h3') 
heading_data = heading.text
print(heading_data)

编辑：或者，您可以通过使用如下选择器来一次获取标题和其他div元素：div.col-lg-10 > *。这将查找div属于col- lg-10类的元素内的所有元素。

soup = bs4.BeautifulSoup(page, 'lxml')

# find all elements inside a div element of class col-lg-10
selector = 'div.col-lg-10 > *'

# find elements that contain the data we want
found = soup.select(selector)

# Extract data from the found elements
data = [x.text.split(';')[-1].strip() for x in found]

for x in data:
    print(x)