如何停止获取ImportError：将django与wsgi一起使用时无法导入设置'mofin.settings'？

Question

我无法让wsgi导入项目“ mofin”的设置文件。

apache错误日志中的错误列表如下

mod_wsgi (pid=4001): Exception occurred within WSGI script '/var/www/wsgi-scripts/django.wsgi'.
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "/usr/lib/python2.5/site-packages/django/core/handlers/wsgi.py", line 228, in __call__
    self.load_middleware()
  File "/usr/lib/python2.5/site-packages/django/core/handlers/base.py", line 31, in load_middleware
    for middleware_path in settings.MIDDLEWARE_CLASSES:
  File "/usr/lib/python2.5/site-packages/django/conf/__init__.py", line 28, in __getattr__
    self._import_settings()
  File "/usr/lib/python2.5/site-packages/django/conf/__init__.py", line 59, in _import_settings
    self._target = Settings(settings_module)
  File "/usr/lib/python2.5/site-packages/django/conf/__init__.py", line 94, in __init__
    raise ImportError, "Could not import settings '%s' (Is it on sys.path? Does it have syntax errors?): %s" % (self.SETTINGS_MODULE, e)
ImportError: Could not import settings 'mofin.settings' (Is it on sys.path? Does it have syntax errors?): No module named mofin.settings

我得到了“你好，世界！” 此处列出的wsgi应用程序（http://code.google.com/p/modwsgi/wiki/QuickConfigurationGuide）可以正常工作。

与应用程序一样，settings.py文件也可以通过python manage.py（runserver | shell | syncdb | test存储）很好地加载。

这是我的wsgi文件：

import os
import sys
sys.path.append('/home/django/mofin/trunk')
sys.path.append('/home/django/mofin/trunk/mofin')
print >> sys.stderr, sys.path
os.environ['DJANGO_SETTINGS_MODULE'] = 'mofin.settings'

import django.core.handlers.wsgi
application = django.core.handlers.wsgi.WSGIHandler()

错误日志中显示的sys.path是

['/usr/lib/python25.zip'、'/usr/lib/python2.5'、'/usr/lib/python2.5/plat-linux2'、'/usr/lib/python2.5/lib- tk'，'/ usr / lib / python2.5 / lib-dynload'，'/ usr / lib / python2.5 / site-packages'，'/ usr / lib / python2.5 / site-packages / gtk-2.0 '，'/ home / django / mofin / trunk'，'/ home / django / mofin / trunk / mofin']

如果我使用manage.py打开一个交互式外壳，则sys.path是

['/home/django/mofin/trunk/mofin'、'/usr/lib/python25.zip'、'/usr/lib/python2.5'、'/usr/lib/python2.5/plat-linux2' ，'/usr/lib/python2.5/lib-tk'、'/usr/lib/python2.5/lib-dynload'，'/usr/lib/python2.5/site-packages'，'/ usr / lib / python2.5 / site-packages / gtk-2.0']

我的django设置文件如下所示：＃mofin项目的Django设置。

DEBUG = True
TEMPLATE_DEBUG = DEBUG

ADMINS = (
    # ('Dan xxxx', '[e-mail]'),
)

MANAGERS = ADMINS

DATABASE_ENGINE = 'mysql'           # 'postgresql_psycopg2', 'postgresql', 'mysql', 'sqlite3' or 'oracle'.
DATABASE_NAME = 'mofin'             # Or path to database file if using sqlite3.
DATABASE_USER = 'aaaaaa'             # Not used with sqlite3.
DATABASE_PASSWORD = 'bbbbbb'         # Not used with sqlite3.
DATABASE_HOST = ''             # Set to empty string for localhost. Not used with sqlite3.
DATABASE_PORT = ''             # Set to empty string for default. Not used with sqlite3.

# Local time zone for this installation. Choices can be found here:
# http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_tz_zones_by_name
# although not all choices may be available on all operating systems.
# If running in a Windows environment this must be set to the same as your
# system time zone.
TIME_ZONE = 'Europe/London'

# Language code for this installation. All choices can be found here:
# http://www.i18nguy.com/unicode/language-identifiers.html
LANGUAGE_CODE = 'en-GB'

SITE_ID = 1

# If you set this to False, Django will make some optimizations so as not
# to load the internationalization machinery.
USE_I18N = True

# Absolute path to the directory that holds media.
# Example: "/home/media/media.lawrence.com/"
MEDIA_ROOT = '/home/django/media/'

Answer 1

如果你有一个与项目名称相同的应用程序（项目的子目录中有一个初始化文件），也会发生这种情况。你的settings.py文件可能位于项目文件夹中，但似乎django系统的一部分会首先在项目中查找与项目同名的模块，并且无法在其中找到settings.py。 ，失败并显示误导性消息。

-uniquename1

---settings.py

---manage.py

---application1

-----file.py

-----file2.py

---uniquename1  (problem, rename this to some other unique name)

-----file.py

-----file2.py

只是要检查其他人是否遇到此问题。适用于Django 1.3，可能还适用于其他版本。