Interfaces
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2023-12-01
接口类似于Apex类,其中没有实现任何方法。 它只包含方法签名,但每个方法的主体都是空的。 要使用接口,另一个类必须通过为接口中包含的所有方法提供主体来实现它。
接口主要用于为代码提供抽象层。 他们将实现与方法的声明分开。
让我们举一个我们的化学公司的例子。 假设我们需要向Premium和普通客户提供折扣,两者的折扣将有所不同。
我们将创建一个名为DiscountProcessor的接口。
// Interface
public interface DiscountProcessor {
Double percentageDiscountTobeApplied(); // method signature only
}
// Premium Customer Class
public class PremiumCustomer implements DiscountProcessor {
//Method Call
public Double percentageDiscountTobeApplied () {
// For Premium customer, discount should be 30%
return 0.30;
}
}
// Normal Customer Class
public class NormalCustomer implements DiscountProcessor {
// Method Call
public Double percentageDiscountTobeApplied () {
// For Premium customer, discount should be 10%
return 0.10;
}
}
实现接口时,必须实现该接口的方法。 如果未实现Interface方法,则会引发错误。 如果要为开发人员强制执行方法,则应使用接口。
批处理Apex的标准Salesforce接口
SFDC确实有标准接口,如Database.Batchable,Schedulable等。例如,如果实现Database.Batchable接口,则必须实现接口中定义的三种方法 - 启动,执行和完成。
下面是标准Salesforce提供的Database.Batchable接口的示例,该接口向具有批处理状态的用户发送电子邮件。 该接口有3个方法,Start,Execute和Finish。 使用此接口,我们可以实现Batchable功能,它还提供BatchableContext变量,我们可以使用它来获取有关正在执行的Batch和执行其他功能的更多信息。
global class CustomerProessingBatch implements Database.Batchable<sobject7>,
Schedulable {
// Add here your email address
global String [] email = new String[] {'test@test.com'};
// Start Method
global Database.Querylocator start (Database.BatchableContext BC) {
// This is the Query which will determine the scope of Records and fetching the same
return Database.getQueryLocator('Select id, Name, APEX_Customer_Status__c,
APEX_Customer_Decscription__c From APEX_Customer__c WHERE createdDate = today
&& APEX_Active__c = true');
}
// Execute method
global void execute (Database.BatchableContext BC, List<sobject> scope) {
List<apex_customer__c> customerList = new List<apex_customer__c>();
List<apex_customer__c> updtaedCustomerList = new List<apex_customer__c>();
for (sObject objScope: scope) {
// type casting from generic sOject to APEX_Customer__c
APEX_Customer__c newObjScope = (APEX_Customer__c)objScope ;
newObjScope.APEX_Customer_Decscription__c = 'Updated Via Batch Job';
newObjScope.APEX_Customer_Status__c = 'Processed';
// Add records to the List
updtaedCustomerList.add(newObjScope);
}
// Check if List is empty or not
if (updtaedCustomerList != null && updtaedCustomerList.size()>0) {
// Update the Records
Database.update(updtaedCustomerList); System.debug('List Size
'+updtaedCustomerList.size());
}
}
// Finish Method
global void finish(Database.BatchableContext BC) {
Messaging.SingleEmailMessage mail = new Messaging.SingleEmailMessage();
// get the job Id
AsyncApexJob a = [Select a.TotalJobItems, a.Status, a.NumberOfErrors,
a.JobType, a.JobItemsProcessed, a.ExtendedStatus, a.CreatedById,
a.CompletedDate From AsyncApexJob a WHERE id = :BC.getJobId()];
System.debug('$$$ Jobid is'+BC.getJobId());
// below code will send an email to User about the status
mail.setToAddresses(email);
// Add here your email address
mail.setReplyTo('test@test.com');
mail.setSenderDisplayName('Apex Batch Processing Module');
mail.setSubject('Batch Processing '+a.Status);
mail.setPlainTextBody('The Batch Apex job processed
'+a.TotalJobItems+'batches with '+a.NumberOfErrors+'failures'+'Job Item
processed are'+a.JobItemsProcessed);
Messaging.sendEmail(new Messaging.Singleemailmessage [] {mail});
}
// Scheduler Method to scedule the class
global void execute(SchedulableContext sc) {
CustomerProessingBatch conInstance = new CustomerProessingBatch();
database.executebatch(conInstance,100);
}
}
要执行此类,您必须在Developer Console中运行以下代码。
CustomerProessingBatch objBatch = new CustomerProessingBatch ();
Database.executeBatch(objBatch);